Childhood disclosure of sexual abuse: Necessary but not necessarily sufficient

Prevention programs often encourage sexually abused children to disclose without fully considering the potential for adverse consequences. This study examined the impact of disclosure on abuse cessation and later adult symptomatology. A clinical sample of 301 adult survivors completed the Impact of Event Scale (IES/IES-R), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Participants were divided into 3 groups: Nondisclosure (n = 221), Disclosure/Abuse Ended (n = 25), and Disclosure/Abuse Continued (n = 55). Multivariate analyses of covariance, adjusting for abuse characteristics (age of onset, penetration, and number of perpetrators) and other trauma exposure, revealed significant differences in psychiatric symptom severity among the three groups, Wilks’ λ = 0. 95, F (6, 584) = 2.69, p = 0.014, η_p² = 0.03. Specifically, those in the Disclosure/Abuse Continued group scored significantly higher on the IES/IES-R Intrusion subscale (p = 0.04) and the BDI-II (p = 0.01), as compared to the Nondisclosure group. The Disclosure/Abuse Ended group did not differ significantly from the other groups. Results suggest that disclosure may be detrimental unless adequate steps are taken to ensure abuse cessation and appropriate treatment.     

对常见的运动损伤与恢复性练习的探讨

在运动过程中或多或少常会有不同程度的运动损伤,一旦受到严重的运动损伤,需要休息很长时间,并重新参加训练,方可达到以前的运动水平,所以可以根据发病的规律和特点,及时的采取各种措施,合理安排伤后的训练,以及用运一些辅助的恢复性练习方法加速功能的恢复,这是很有必要的。     

有氧健身操对中年女性身体成分和心肺功能的影响

通过对58名中年女性实施6个月的有氧健身操锻炼,探讨有氧健身操对中年女性身体成分和心肺功能的影响。结果显示,长期参加有氧健身操锻炼,可以降低体脂、静态心率及血压,提高台阶指数和肺容量,对预防中年女性心血管疾病具有重要作用。     

谷氨酰胺在运动免疫中的作用

谷氨酰胺免疫系统一些细胞以较高速率利用，对于这些细胞的生存及正常功能的发挥十分必要。在长时间运动后及过度训练时，血浆中谷氨酰胺浓度减少，提示持续的身体练习能影响肌肉组织对谷氨酰胺的释放，以致不能满足免疫系统对谷氨酰胺的需要，因此，血浆谷氨酰胺水平的下降造成免疫功能受损     

黑龙江省五大城市科技人员健身行为调查及对策研究

对黑龙江省五大城市科技人员的身体健康状况、生活方式、经济收入、体育消费、锻炼场所、锻炼形式、锻炼项目、体育活动动机等方面进行调查与分析,提出改善五大城市科技人员健身环境及其健康水平的对策性建议。     

耐力运动对高脂膳食诱导的脂肪肝小鼠UCP2与Mn-SOD表达及与脂肪肝关系的研究

目的:研究耐力运动对高脂膳食诱导的C57BL/6J脂肪肝小鼠肝脏UCP2及Mn-SOD表达与脂肪肝的关系.方法:以高脂膳食诱导的脂肪肝小鼠为模型,分析耐力运动20周后肝脏UCP2及Mn-SOD表达变化与肝脏脂肪变的关系.结果:肝脏UCP2与Mn-SOD在高脂膳食组(HS组)均显著升高;恢复正常膳食结合耐力运动20周组(RE组),Mn-SOD表达进一步升高,而UCP2表达显著降低.HS组形成明显的脂肪肝,恢复正常膳食加20周不运动组与恢复正常膳食结合20周耐力运动组脂肪肝得到明显改善,但RE组改善更为明显.结论:耐力运动可能以上调Mn-SOD表达而下调UCP2表达,达到既清除活性氧又减少肝脏线粒体ATP合成降低目的,从而保护肝脏免受过多活性氧和ATP耗尽的损伤.     

运动对自由基生成及超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响

综述了近年来运动对自由基生成及运动对超氧化物歧化酶活性影响的研究进展。1)运动训练可导致体内自由基生成增多,而且自由基与肌肉的疲劳损伤有关;2)运动训练可引起SOD活性的变化。     

生态化模式在自闭症儿童教育干预中的应用

20世纪以来,生态学作为一种跨学科的元理论,已经广泛渗透和浸润到各个学科领域.运用生态学的眼光、态度、理念和方法来关照、思考、解释、践行自闭症的教育实践,是由自闭症儿童教育干预过程的复杂性、持续性和发展性决定的.文章通过梳理相关文献,并结合国内的成功实践,从生态化模式的定义及要素、生态化模式的运作与应用、生态化模式的启示及建议等维度展开,系统介绍了该模式在自闭症儿童教育干预中的应用,以期丰富我国自闭症教育干预领域的理论研究和实践研究.     

The effects of Success for All in the Netherlands on the reading achievement of first-grade students at risk of reading problems

This article reports outcomes of a quasi-experimental evaluation of Success for All (SfA), a comprehensive school reform program that has recently been introduced in the Netherlands. The Response to Intervention framework is used to describe how SfA supports students at different Tiers. The effects of SfA on five reading subskills were investigated for first-grade students at risk of reading problems. 299 students from two different cohorts were involved. Multilevel analyses demonstrated a significant effect of SfA on reading comprehension (ES = +0.26) in the first cohort. For the second cohort and the other reading subskills, mostly small positive effects of SfA were found, though these effects were not statistically significant. Furthermore, the relationship between tutoring intensity and reading achievement was examined. In the second cohort, a significant negative association of tutoring intensity with word and text reading skills was found. Implementation issues that may have impacted the outcomes are discussed.     

运动干预对脑卒中恢复期老年人肢体功能恢复的影响研究

目的:运用运动疗法,探究运动干预对脑卒中恢复期老年患者肢体运动功能和日常生活能力的影响,观察运动干预对老年脑卒中患者肢体功能的影响。方法:通过对鞍山市长大医院康复科30例发病4-12周的老年脑卒中恢复期患者进行前后疗效对照,采用FMA运动功能量表和Barthel指数量表进行评定,比较老年患者干预前后肢体功能的恢复情况。结果:治疗8周后,老年脑卒中恢复期患者的肢体运动功能FMA评分和日常生活活动能力Barthel评分均有显著提高,达到肢体功能障碍康复的目的,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:运动干预可明显改善老年脑卒中患者的肢体功能,提高老年患者的日常生活活动能力。