The impact of physical growth and relative age effect on assessment in physical education

Physical education (PE) is perhaps the school subject most likely to produce relative age effects (RAE). Like in sports, physical maturity gives students an advantage in PE, which might well be mistaken for superior ability. The aim of the present study is to investigate the extent to which physical growth, measured as height, and RAE reflect the assessment in Norwegian PE. Furthermore, we wanted to examine whether there is any gender differences in the assessment in PE as a function of physical growth and RAE. The participants (n?=?2978) were pupils in the last three years of secondary school (13–16 years old). A custom-made questionnaire was designed to collect the necessary data. The correlations between height and mark in PE for boys in 8th, 9th, and 10th grades are respectively r?=?0.14, r?=?0.32, and r?=?0.29. For girls, the correlations are r?=?0.11, r?=?0.33, and r?=?0.21. All correlations are significant (p?<?.05). The number of pupils achieving top marks was 114 in the first half of the year, whereas it was 65 in the second half of the year. The present study showed that physical growth has an impact on the pupils’ PE attainment. The physical growth is of course also mediated by the pupils’ age. RAEs were found in PE attainments also in the Norwegian school system for both genders, despite all the intentions expressed in the PE curriculum.     

Horizontal ground reaction forces to stationary running performed in the water and on dry land at different physiological intensities

The aim of the present study was to compare the peak anterior–posterior (Fy) and medio–lateral (Fx) ground reaction forces (GRFs) of women performing stationary running at different intensities in aquatic and dry land environments. Fourteen young women performed the stationary running exercise at three cadences (first ventilatory threshold, second ventilatory threshold and maximum effort, as determined during exercise in water) in aquatic and dry land environments. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyse the data (α?=?.05). As a result, significantly lower peak Fy anterior, Fy posterior, Fx medial and Fx lateral values were observed for the aquatic environment, except for the Fy posterior at the first ventilatory threshold. Significant differences were observed between cadences in the peak Fy anterior, Fy posterior, Fx medial and Fx lateral values, with higher values for the cadence corresponding to maximum effort compared to the first ventilatory threshold, except for the Fy posterior and Fx medial in the aquatic environment. The results indicate that the horizontal GRFs are reduced in the aquatic environment and depend on the intensity of stationary running exercise performance.     

中国女子长跑运动员GLUT1基因rs841853位点多态性与运动能力的关联性研究

摘要：目的：探讨葡萄糖转运蛋白1（Glucose Transporter 1, GLUT1）基因rs841853 G/T多态位点作为评估和筛选长跑运动能力遗传标记的可行性。方法：于2009-2010年选取78名中国女子专业长跑运动员,采用基质辅助激光解吸附电离飞行时间质谱检测技术解析GLUT1基因rs841853位点基因型,采用递增负荷跑台运动试验获取运动员的生理机能指标,并检索追溯运动员截止到2017年各主项的个人最好成绩。结果：中国女子专业长跑运动员rs841853 G/T多态位点的基因型GG、GT和TT的频率分布为65.4%、29.5%和5.1%,等位基因G和T的频率分布为80.1%和19.9%,符合哈温平衡定律。基因型频率和等位基因频率与北京汉族人群存在显著差异（P<0.05,P<0.05）。GT+TT基因型携带者的VO2AT/VO2max、VE和5000米项目个人最好成绩显著高于GG基因型携带者（P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.05）。结论：GLUT1基因rs841853位点的T等位基因可能是评估优秀长跑运动能力的基因标记,有待于通过扩大样本量和功能学研究给予进一步验证。     

轴系扭转振动测试分析与教学研究

随着汽轮发电机组容量的逐步增大,机组轴系安全性日益突出,轴系扭转振动问题已成为当今世界各国发展大型机组和重型燃气轮机组必须解决的问题。针对这类工程实际问题,自主设计开发了转子扭转振动测试与分析系统教学实验平台;并基于新工科理念开设实验课程,其教学内容紧密结合工程力学专业特点与人才培养需求,符合当前工程实际需求。     

美英日高等教育招考权力分离的启示

通过对美英日高等教育招生考试权力所属机构的介绍与比较,探寻它们的共同特点．旨在为改革我国高教招考合一的现状提出若干建议,使高校招生考试工作更加科学,考试机构更好地为招生工作服务。     

An analysis of the vitamin D overtesting in a tertiary healthcare centre

IntroductionVitamin D testing is excessively used in clinical practice, despite of the clinical guidelines statements against population screening for vitamin D deficiency. This study aimed to assess an annual number of performed 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) tests that were unsupported by the national guidelines for prevention, detection and therapy of vitamin D deficiency in adults and to calculate associated financial burden for the publicly funded healthcare.Materials and methodsA representative sample of requested 25(OH)D tests in 2018 (N = 474) was formed after selection and randomisation of data set (N = 5298) collected from the laboratory information system database of the Clinical Department for Laboratory Diagnostics, the Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka. Records were classified in two groups depending on associated medical condition(s) according to the national guidelines. An annual cost of the total and group specific vitamin D testing was calculated on the base of a single test price reimbursed by the Croatian Healthcare Insurance Fund (CHIF).ResultsMedical conditions with high-risk for vitamin D deficiency were detected in 43% (206/474) of vitamin D requests (group 1). Conditions not associated with vitamin D deficiency were detected in 57% (268/474) requests (group 2). A total cost of 25(OH)D testing for the CHIF was 58,729.50 EUR (25,523.79 EUR in the group 1 and 33,205.71 EUR in the group 2).ConclusionsMore than half of all 25(OH)D tests performed in the clinical laboratory represent avoidable cost for the public healthcare. Prevention of population screening by vitamin D testing is needed.     

骨关节活力操练习对青年白领柔韧性影响的研究

目的:探索骨关节活力操对青年白领柔韧性的影响和作用,为大众健身提供理论依据。方法:随机招募60名20-39岁青年白领接受12周,每周3次,每次45分钟的骨关节活力操练习,12周训练前后分别进行关节活动度、转肩握距、俯卧背伸、坐位体前屈等柔韧性指标的测试。结果:1.骨关节活力操练习可以显著增加青年白领肩关节伸展、内收活动度。2.骨关节活力操练习可以显著改善青年白领髋关节伸展、外展活动度。3.骨关节活力操练习可以显著改善青年白领踝关节背屈活动度。4.骨关节活力操练习对青年白领转肩握距、俯卧背伸、坐位体前屈均有良好的促进作用。结论:骨关节活力操融入了日常生活的身体功能训练,可以有效改善青年白领柔韧性,对于保持关节活动度,对抗因增龄和活动减少带来的柔韧性下降,有非常良好的效果,可以降低静坐少动以及不良身体姿势带来的身体隐性损害,是白领全民健身的良好选择。     

阶段变化模型视角下促进学生体育与健康锻炼行为的干预策略研究

本文通过体育锻炼心理学领域中阶段变化模型这一理论成果进行分析和总结,面对学生当前体质健康不断下滑的严重态势,提出了学校体育课中应提高学生锻炼坚持性的观点,旨在希望研究者能够很好的利用这一理论模型对锻炼行为进行研究,并提出相应的锻炼行为干预策略,为科学的指导学校体育正常开展和促进学生体质健康的提高提供理论参考与实践指导。     

我国商业银行资金清算业务内部控制测评体系研究

内部控制是我国商业银行的一项重要管理行为,是商业银行实施风险控制战略的一项有效手段。资金清算业务是我国商业银行的一项常规性业务,因此对资金清算业务的内部控制是我国商业银行内部控制体系的一个重要成分。资金清算业务内部控制系统的设计可以为我国商业银行进一步加强资金清算业务内部控制行为提供有效的理论借鉴,而因子分析可以为理论模型提供可靠的现实性检验,从而揭示了我国商业银行资金清算业务内部控制过程中存在的若干现实性问题。     

炮采面毫秒爆破技术的试验

炮采工作面爆破参数的选定关联因素较多,采用公式计算难以较好地适应现场的特殊性。本文通过现场试验选定有关爆破参数,为合理确定爆破参数提供了一条方便有效的途径。