When Routines are Not Enough

Interest in crisis management among journalism scholars grew in the wake of the terror attacks of September 11, 2001. Yet, few studies explore journalists and their organizations from a newsroom and organizational crisis management perspective. In this study, we study journalists’ ability to conduct news work when faced with a frame-breaking news event—in this case, the July 22, 2011 attacks in Norway. Dividing the journalistic response to these events into three stages, each with its own particular challenges, we have been able to unpack how these Norwegian journalists were capable of reporting on the events despite the chaos and uncertainty that followed in their wake, including the fact that the newsroom itself suffered severe damage from the bomb blast. This study shows that coping mechanisms in times of organizational stress will range from the expected (routine, habit) to the unexpected (improvisation, bricolage). The individual must pick up where the organization leaves off, relying upon experience and professionalism as well as face-to-face interaction and the assistance of whatever technology survives.     

荒诞中透视的社会现实

约瑟夫.海勒是美国当代小说家,他的代表作是《第二十二条军规》,被称为"黑色幽默"的典范。"黑色幽默"是一种具有美国特色的文学现象,它的出现给人们带来了一种新的体验,使人们在苦涩的笑声之后陷入深思。     

反叛与颠覆——反讽视境观照下的《第二十二条军规》

反讽是<第二十二条军规>的一大显征.约瑟夫.海勒在荒诞悖谬的情境(情境反讽)和戏谑调侃的叙述(叙述反讽)中深刻地展现了悖逆杂陈的现实本真状态,对充满无常、悖论和荒谬的战后社会和人生困窘境遇进行了一种带有反叛与颠覆意味的哲理性反思.     

《第二十二条军规》所体现的萨特式自由观

自由与责任是萨特存在主义哲学重要的命题之一。在《第二十二条军规》中,萨特式自由与责任在奥尔和约塞连身上有着很好的体现。他们对所处的荒诞环境有清醒的认识,为了不做无谓的牺牲,他们做过许多荒唐事以保全自己的性命。最终他们都选择了逃跑。这是一种道德的、负责任的行为,不仅是为了保全自己,更是为他人树立了榜样。这正好体现了萨特的重要思想,即在做出选择的时候,不仅要对自己负责,更要对他人负责。     

从赵翼论宋辽金三史看其史学思想

《宋史》，《辽史》，《金史》是二十四史中最为粗糙的3部正史，赵翼在《十二史札记》中对宋辽金三史进行了深入的分析和精辟的论述，特别是对这3部正史的体裁体例，史家作史的态度，行的“书法”，史料的来源和去取进行了条分缕析的论述，充分体现出了他鲜明的史学思想和经世致用的价值取向。     

浅析《第二十二条军规》中的陌生化表现手法

《第二十二条军规》是约瑟夫.海勒的代表作,它在艺术手法上的独创性使其成为当代美国文学的“经典作品”。本文运用俄国形式主义的陌生化理论分析了其在小说语言、人物形象与本事和情节的陌生化表现手法,认为“陌生化”技巧的运用是该部作品成功的主要原因。