从逻辑到实践:当代大学生入党信仰教育的维度建构与效度生成

随着党执政能力的不断提高与高校招生规模的不断扩大,大学生党员人数剧增,信仰教育成为高校党建工作的重要议题。基于"七一讲话"精神与科学发展观意蕴对大学生入党信仰教育进行从逻辑到实践的路径探究,在信仰教育的维度建构中帮助大学生树立科学信仰,在实践中探寻有效的现实操作增强信仰教育的实效性。     

Observations of teacher-child interactions in classrooms serving Latinos and dual language learners: Applicability of the Classroom Assessment Scoring System in diverse settings

With the rising number of Latino and dual language learner (DLL) children attending pre-k and the importance of assessing the quality of their experiences in those settings, this study examined the extent to which a commonly used assessment of teacher-child interactions, the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS), demonstrated similar psychometric properties in classrooms serving ethnically and linguistically diverse children as it does in other classrooms. Specifically, this study investigated: (1) whether CLASS observations of teacher-child interactions are organized in three domains across classrooms with varying ethnic and language compositions (measurement invariance) and (2) the extent to which CLASS-assessed teacher-child interactions (emotional support, classroom organization, and instructional support) predict children's social, math, and literacy outcomes equally well for Latino and DLL children (predictive validity). CLASS observations of teacher-child interactions were conducted in 721 state-funded pre-k classrooms across 11 states. Direct assessments and teacher ratings of social, math, and literacy outcomes were collected for four randomly selected children in each classroom. CLASS observations factored similarly across pre-k classrooms with different Latino and DLL compositions and predicted improvements in school readiness regardless of a child's Latino or DLL status. Results suggest CLASS functions equally well as an assessment of the quality of teacher-child interactions in pre-k settings regardless of the proportion of Latino children and/or the language diversity of the children in that setting.     

从与标准测验理论之差异谈认知诊断的特征

认知诊断作为新一代测验理论的代表,与标准测验理论在理论和应用上有着多方面的差异。本文基于认知诊断与标准测验理论的比较,阐述了认知诊断五方面的特征：（1）区别于标准测验理论中较为笼统和抽象的能力概念,以细分和具体化为特点的认知诊断属性界定;（2）区别于标准测验理论连续潜变量的认知诊断分类潜变量;（3）加入诊断指导下的补救和再评估后,认知诊断包含了周而复始的评估过程;（4）包含补救措施是否有效的认知诊断效度测量;（5）认知诊断的应用领域。文章最后指出了认知诊断目前在其发展中所存在的问题,并对该测量理论的发展进行了展望。     

Further Validity Tests of the Grandchildren's Received Affection Scale

The purpose of this study was to further validate the newly developed Grandchildren's Received Affection Scale (GRAS). To that end, young adult grandchildren (N = 317) completed the GRAS, along with two previously established measures of affectionate communication and a social desirability scale. The results of a series of Pearson correlational analyses and an exploratory factor analysis provide support for the concurrent, construct, and divergent validity of the GRAS. Thus, the GRAS is an appropriate instrument to assess grandchildren's received affectionate communication from their grandparents.     

Editorial

Along with the narrative turn in social sciences, the quality of research has become a more and more intricate issue. Action research reports are often narratives, located in the context of the evolving experiences of those involved. In this paper, the problem of quality in action research narratives is addressed, and some principles for assessing the quality of narrative research reports are proposed. The issue is explored both at a theoretical‐conceptual level and through a number of practical cases from the narrative‐biographical research project TeacherLife. As narrative researchers, the authors are not willing to accept an extremely relativistic stand. They argue the need for conceptual tools to grasp the problem of quality of narratives, but tools different from the traditional concepts of validity and reliability, which harbour markedly positivistic connotations. They propose five principles for judging the quality of action research from a narrative point of view. According to these principles, a good action research narrative firstly acknowledges the past course of events that have shaped the present practices (the principle of historical continuity). Secondly and thirdly, it is reflexive (the principle of reflexivity) and elaborates the story dialectically (the principle of dialectics). Fourthly, a decisive criterion for successful action research is that it produces some useable practices that, in one way or another, can be regarded as useful (the principle of workability). The authors agree with Aristotle, who claims that a good narrative involves a balance between ‘logos’, ‘ethos’ and ‘pathos’. They place emphasis on ‘ethos’ and ‘pathos’ through a principle of evocativeness. These criteria are not proposing as an established checklist, and the authors point to the overlap between some of them. They are drawn from experience in supervising action research projects, evaluating narrative reports and encouraging people to write authentic narratives of their research work.     

安徽地方高校科技创新能力的实证分析

地方高校科技创新能力是国家创新体系和区域创新体系的重要组成部分,对其分析和评价既有利于地方高校自身科技创新能力的提升和改进高校科研工作管理,又可以为宏观决策部门和社会各界对地方高校科技创新能力评判提供有价值的参考。以安徽省地方高校为样本。通过建立分层评价指标体系,运用因子分析方法对2010年地方高校四个维度的创新能力和总体科技创新能力进行了实证研究。得出了具有参考意义的结论,并建议安徽地方高校在注重资源优化配置的同时,重点培养技术创新能力,大力提高产出效率和知识市场化的能力。     

中学生学习动机问卷的初步编制

中学生学习动机问卷的编制遵循标准化的程序,采用探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析方法,问卷的内在一致性信度系数和重测信度系数达到0．7,学习动机的结构拟合良好,因素载荷在0．4—0．9之间,效标效度基本符合测量学的要求,中学生学习动机问卷是一个信、效度良好,具有五因素结构的测量工具。