惠州市健身俱乐部健身指导员现状调查与分析

采用文献资料法、调查法、数理统计法等多种研究方法,对惠州市健身俱乐部指导员现状进行调查,了解惠州市健身俱乐部指导员的基本情况,旨在为健身俱乐部指导员队伍建设、健身俱乐部的未来发展及体育行政管理机构提供参考。     

Temporal trends in 6-minute walking distance for older Japanese adults between 1998 and 2017

BackgroundThe 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) is an excellent measure of both functional endurance and health. The primary aim of this study was to estimate temporal trends in 6MWD for older Japanese adults between 1998 and 2017; the secondary aim was to estimate concurrent trends in body size (i.e., height and mass) and self-reported participation in exercise/sport.MethodsAdults aged 65–79 years were included. Annual nationally representative 6MWD data (n = 103,505) for the entire period were obtained from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Temporal trends in means (and relative frequencies) were estimated at the gender–age level by best-fitting sample-weighted linear/polynomial regression models, with national trends estimated by a post-stratified population-weighting procedure. Temporal trends in distributional variability were estimated as the ratio of coefficients of variation.ResultsBetween 1998 and 2017 there was a steady, moderate improvement in mean 6MWD (absolute = 45 m (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 43–47); percent = 8.0% (95%CI: 7.6%–8.4%); effect size = 0.51 (95%CI: 0.48–0.54)). Gender- and age-related temporal differences in means were negligible. Variability in 6MWD declined substantially (ratio of coefficients of variation = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.87–0.92), with declines larger for women compared to men, and for 75–79-year-olds compared to 65–74-year-olds. Correspondingly, there were moderate and negligible increases in mean height and mass, respectively, and negligible increases in the percentage who participated in exercise/sport at least 3 days per week and at least 30 min per session.ConclusionThere has been a steady, moderate improvement in mean 6MWD for older Japanese adults since 1998, which is suggestive of corresponding improvements in both functional endurance and health. The substantial decline in variability indicates that the temporal improvement in mean 6MWD was not uniform across the distribution. Trends in 6MWD are probably influenced by corresponding trends in body size and/or participation in exercise/sport.     

“健康中国2030”背景下群众体育中“另类”健身的成因、消极影响与治理路径

运用文献资料法、访谈法、现场调查等研究方法,对群众体育发展过程中出现的"另类"健身方式进行分析,主要结论:身体健康需求与体育健身知识匮乏的矛盾、现代体育在群众体育健身活动中指导不足、中国传统文化的长期影响和学校体育工作开展不力造成群众体育中出现"另类"健身行为。造成的消极影响主要是民众身体素质的下降和异化体育的核心价值。建议:普及体育科学文化,增加民众体育素养;加强社会风气引导,培育健康生活方式;发掘传统中医中药,充实学校体育课程;保障体育活动安全,提升公共服务质量;开展体育攻坚扶贫,推动民众科学健身。     

儿童青少年体能发展敏感期相关热点问题

近年来,旨在提高儿童青少年体质健康的研究众多,其中儿童青少年体能发展敏感期问题的研究正成为热点研究。通过文献资料法和逻辑分析法等,对近30年来“敏感期”相关文献进行梳理。研究表明：国内外“敏感期”的界定标准不统一,难以形成科学成果;“敏感期”干预方法单一,缺乏综合干预方法;“敏感期”与“非敏感期”干预效果的研究还存在争议。研究认为：“敏感期”不仅受儿童青少年生理、心理因素的影响,同时遗传、环境、社会经济等对“敏感期”也具有重要作用。因此,未来应深入研究“敏感期”的构成因素,重视理论研究与实践研究相结合,强化“敏感期”的综合研究。     

试从前后期作品看简·奥斯汀女性意识的变化

简·奥斯汀是十八世纪末十九世纪初重要的女性作家,她一生前后写出了六部作品,表现出她对女性认识的变化轨迹。对简·奥斯汀六部作品中的女性意识进行纵向关注,可以清楚看见简·奥斯汀在创作前后期对女性群体的认识的变化,简·奥斯汀将自己这种思考诉诸于笔端,在肯定女性群体、关注女性个人价值、争取女性权力方面进行了探索并且取得了成就。     

健身气功八段锦功法初探

针对当今社会人们在学习、生活、工作等方面压力越来越大、无法长期坚持体育锻炼而造成体质下降等现象,本文向大家介绍八段锦健身气功新功法,旨在为大家缓解压力、解除疲劳、促进身心健康提供一些参考。     

Health-related fitness knowledge growth in middle school years: Individual- and school-level correlates

BackgroundHealth-related fitness knowledge (HRFK) has been an essential concept for many health and physical education programs. There has been limited understanding and longitudinal investigation on HRFK growth. This longitudinal study examined HRFK growth and its individual- and school-level correlates in middle school years under 1 curriculum condition: Five for Life.MethodsParticipants were 12,044 students from 47 middle schools. Data were collected at both individual/participant and school/institution levels. Individual-level variables included gender, grade, and HRFK test scores. School-level variables included percentage of students receiving free and reduced meals (FARM), student-to-faculty ratio for physical education, and school academic performance (SAP). We used hierarchical linear modeling to examine HRFK 3-year growth in relation to individual- and school-level correlates.ResultsThe average HRFK score at 6th grade for females was 42.81% ± 1.32%. The predicted HRFK growth was 17.06% ± 1.02% per year, holding other factors constant. A 1-standard deviation increase in FARM correlated with a 14.68%-point decrease in predicted test score (p = 0.02). A 1-standard deviation increase in SAP was associated with an 11.90%-point increase in HRFK score. Males had a significantly lower growth rate than females during the middle school years (0.78%/year, p = 0.02).ConclusionThe result showed that both individual- and school-level variables such as gender, FARM, and SAP influenced HRFK growth. Educators should heed gender differences in growth curves and recognize the correlates of school-level variables.     

论当代中国马克思主义理论自觉

马克思主义理论自觉具有深刻的内涵和重要的时代价值,但当前我国广大人民群众存在着严重的对马克思主义不自觉和不自信问题,文章通过对马克思主义内生性“失位”、“缺位”、“错位”的把脉和外生性“移位”、“抢位”的诊断,认为要通过“稳位”、“归位”、“定位”“三位一体”共同作用使马克思主义转化成人民群众的思想和行为,增强马克思主义理论自觉。     

中国全民健身工程发展的现状与特征研究

全民健身工程是实施全民健身计划的主要物质载体。通过对我国全民健身工程现状的分析，揭示出其四个显特征：全民健身工程投资的规模增大、资金来源的模式不断创新，东、中、西部地区发展投资和配置模式呈现多元趋势，东、中和西部地区的投资和配套模式具有显性区别，国家对西部地区体育设施建设的关注度越来越大，全民健身工程开始由城市社区向农村乡镇、村庄扩展。     

建设体育强国背景下体育经济重要地位及其发展策略

加快体育强国建设已成为一项国策,研究如何提高和建设可持续发展性的体育产业经济以解决人民日益增长的美好体育生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾对建设体育强国具有重要意义。采用哲学辩证理论分析体育产业经济对体育强国构建的重要性,统计分析目前我国体育产业经济发展现状及其与发达国家的差距,结合十九大新时代背景下给出未来体育产业经济发展策略以期寻求为构建体育强国给出一些指导意见。认为：体育经济是体育强国的重要基石;开展全民健身运动、优化体育产业结构、政府政策导向市场化、跨产业融合增加与其他产业的结合度对构建体育强国具有重要的意义。