责任式创新：“内涵-理论-方法”的整合框架

科技创新的负面影响与新兴技术的治理挑战引发研究与政策对“责任式创新”的关注。本文以文献研究为基础,通过责任式创新主题文献的系统回顾,构建“内涵-理论-方法”的整合框架,对责任式创新的概念内涵、共性理论基础、及实践应用方法展开系统评述。研究结论显示：责任式创新的内涵主要围绕内在属性视角、创新过程与管理视角、创新结果评估视角三个方面展开;责任式创新的共性理论基础包括正义论、技术社会控制视角、行动者网络理论、制度理论、创新扩散理论五个分支;责任式创新的典型应用方法涉及扎根研究、伦理分析法、实时技术评估、“谦逊”技术与参与式治理法、上游公众参与技术治理、中游模块化技术治理、技术社会评估等     

The Success of Urban Schools in Oxnard,California: An In-Depth Look at Developmental and Relational Assets

Abstract

The study is a mixed-methods investigation of how urban schools are succeeding. The study surveyed 28 former students from urban schools in Oxnard, California. The qualitative responses represent themes that align to a high level of school connectedness and social–emotional learning (SEL) as key indicators of a successful urban school district. The responses also aligned with the thematic structures of the assets and relationships frameworks and to SEL standards.     

贴近学生的真实阅读:国外阅读评价分析——以PIRLS、PISA和NEAP为例

对国外阅读评价的研究有利于我国阅读评价的改进。通过对PIRLS、PISA和NEAP的阅读评价分析可见,要开展有效的阅读评价,首先要确定"以读者为中心"的阅读理念,明晰核心概念内涵;其次,要基于学生的日常阅读,设计科学合理的评价阅读框架,对阅读情境、阅读文本及阅读认知过程进行明确界定;再次,在具体阅读评价实施中,要根据学生的阅读特点合理地编制试题、制定评分标准、开展问卷调查。     

浅谈.NET Framework中的垃圾回收机制

垃圾回收器(GC)是.Net平台提供的新功能,深入探讨垃圾回收器的功能、工作原理以及如何控制,对于程序员将来写出高性能的应用程序有着非常重要的意义。     

Professional ideology and physicians’ perceived disclosure patterns toward cancer patients

This study examined differences in physicians’ perceptions of their disclosure patterns toward cancer patients based on their professional ideological orientation. Adapting Strauss et al.’s (1964) sociotherapeutic (SCT) and somatotherapeutic (SMT) ideologies, it was hypothesized that physicians who strongly identified with the SCT ideology would perceive themselves as more willing to disclose the diagnosis to cancer patients and that there would be differences in the way and types of information presented depending on physicians’ ideological orientation. The findings suggest that physicians perceive choosing particular disclosure patterns based, in part, on their professional ideological orientations. Those who identify with a strong SCT orientation perceive themselves as more willing to disclose the diagnosis and provide some additional information to cancer patients and their families. Implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.     

Supporting Teachers on Science‐focused School Trips: Towards an integrated framework of theory and practice

Although science centres and museums are important educational resources, school trips to these places are not often conducted in a manner that could maximise learning. In addressing this issue, a Framework for Museum Practice (FMP) is proposed, derived from the perspectives of Cultural Historical Activity Theory, theories of intrinsic motivation, and research into conceptual learning. It is hypothesised that this theoretically derived framework, if implemented by museum educators, can potentially lead to the creation of resources for teachers that would enable them to make better use of the learning opportunities afforded by school trips, and to maximise the impact on pupil learning, including their affective experience. This paper also describes how the framework was used to guide the development of resources to be used in conjunction with a science museum trip. The resources were tested by two primary school teachers and their classes, and the data were analysed for evidence of teacher and student behaviour consistent with the design principles in the FMP. Findings lend some empirical support for the FMP and suggest that it may offer a guide for the development of museum‐provided resources, which would have the potential to improve the utilisation by teachers of informal science institutions and, consequently, their impact on pupil learning.     

企业信息服务安全保证方法研究

介绍了企业信息服务安全保证的现状与发展趋势;分析了企业信息服务的特点及面临的威胁;提出了多层次纵深防御的安全保证方法,并对各防御部件的功能进行了阐述;提出了安全保证实施方案。     

基于.NET下Web服务的网络学习系统模型研究

针对当前高校信息平台的特点和现状,详细探讨了基于.NET框架的网络学习系统模型的设计的整个过程。应用Web服务技术,解决了服务参与业务流程,数据共享,服务安全调用,跨平台跨语言交互等关键问题。     

美国生涯和技术教育新理念探析

2010 年,美国全国生涯与技术教育组织与21 世纪技能合作组织的战略性合作全面展开,将生涯与技术教育理念提升到一个新的高度.新理念将生涯与技术教育与21 世纪技能相结合并渗透进整个教育系统,让所有学生在掌握21世纪技能的基础上为升学和就业作双重准备.新理念表现出前瞻性与战略性相结合、系统性与整合性相结合、全面性与核心性相结合以及全纳性与个性化相结合的特点,其实施的可行性主要体现为理论基础符合国际职业教育发展趋势,并在实践上拥有强大的基层支持和范例证明.