安阳市高新区城乡结合部土地利用结构浅析

以安阳市高新区为例,选取1996,2007和2009年3个年段,从土地利用结构现状及存在问题入手,进行了土地利用结构变化实例分析;初步总结了高新区在土地利用中存在的一些问题,并有针对性地提出了相关建议。     

惠州市健身俱乐部健身指导员现状调查与分析

采用文献资料法、调查法、数理统计法等多种研究方法,对惠州市健身俱乐部指导员现状进行调查,了解惠州市健身俱乐部指导员的基本情况,旨在为健身俱乐部指导员队伍建设、健身俱乐部的未来发展及体育行政管理机构提供参考。     

海峡西岸经济区城市化发展水平的实证研究

选择总人口、人均GDP及城镇化率等指标,运用支持向量机的方法,对海峡西岸经济区城市化发展水平进行实证研究。研究表明,海峡西岸经济区的城市化发展呈现整体不均衡格局:区域内沿海城市发展水平相对较高,但沿海的莆田市和宁德市没有充分利用其比较优势,是区域内城市化发展的凹陷城市;而区域的内陆城市尤其是江西省的城市化发展水平较低。政府应加大对凹陷城市的扶持力度,扩大优势区域的辐射面,促进海峡西岸经济区的均衡发展。     

Temporal trends in 6-minute walking distance for older Japanese adults between 1998 and 2017

BackgroundThe 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) is an excellent measure of both functional endurance and health. The primary aim of this study was to estimate temporal trends in 6MWD for older Japanese adults between 1998 and 2017; the secondary aim was to estimate concurrent trends in body size (i.e., height and mass) and self-reported participation in exercise/sport.MethodsAdults aged 65–79 years were included. Annual nationally representative 6MWD data (n = 103,505) for the entire period were obtained from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Temporal trends in means (and relative frequencies) were estimated at the gender–age level by best-fitting sample-weighted linear/polynomial regression models, with national trends estimated by a post-stratified population-weighting procedure. Temporal trends in distributional variability were estimated as the ratio of coefficients of variation.ResultsBetween 1998 and 2017 there was a steady, moderate improvement in mean 6MWD (absolute = 45 m (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 43–47); percent = 8.0% (95%CI: 7.6%–8.4%); effect size = 0.51 (95%CI: 0.48–0.54)). Gender- and age-related temporal differences in means were negligible. Variability in 6MWD declined substantially (ratio of coefficients of variation = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.87–0.92), with declines larger for women compared to men, and for 75–79-year-olds compared to 65–74-year-olds. Correspondingly, there were moderate and negligible increases in mean height and mass, respectively, and negligible increases in the percentage who participated in exercise/sport at least 3 days per week and at least 30 min per session.ConclusionThere has been a steady, moderate improvement in mean 6MWD for older Japanese adults since 1998, which is suggestive of corresponding improvements in both functional endurance and health. The substantial decline in variability indicates that the temporal improvement in mean 6MWD was not uniform across the distribution. Trends in 6MWD are probably influenced by corresponding trends in body size and/or participation in exercise/sport.     

“健康中国2030”背景下群众体育中“另类”健身的成因、消极影响与治理路径

运用文献资料法、访谈法、现场调查等研究方法,对群众体育发展过程中出现的"另类"健身方式进行分析,主要结论:身体健康需求与体育健身知识匮乏的矛盾、现代体育在群众体育健身活动中指导不足、中国传统文化的长期影响和学校体育工作开展不力造成群众体育中出现"另类"健身行为。造成的消极影响主要是民众身体素质的下降和异化体育的核心价值。建议:普及体育科学文化,增加民众体育素养;加强社会风气引导,培育健康生活方式;发掘传统中医中药,充实学校体育课程;保障体育活动安全,提升公共服务质量;开展体育攻坚扶贫,推动民众科学健身。     

儿童青少年体能发展敏感期相关热点问题

近年来,旨在提高儿童青少年体质健康的研究众多,其中儿童青少年体能发展敏感期问题的研究正成为热点研究。通过文献资料法和逻辑分析法等,对近30年来“敏感期”相关文献进行梳理。研究表明：国内外“敏感期”的界定标准不统一,难以形成科学成果;“敏感期”干预方法单一,缺乏综合干预方法;“敏感期”与“非敏感期”干预效果的研究还存在争议。研究认为：“敏感期”不仅受儿童青少年生理、心理因素的影响,同时遗传、环境、社会经济等对“敏感期”也具有重要作用。因此,未来应深入研究“敏感期”的构成因素,重视理论研究与实践研究相结合,强化“敏感期”的综合研究。     

The effectiveness of a 17-week lifestyle intervention on health behaviors among airline pilots during COVID-19

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a 17-week, 3-component lifestyle intervention for enhancing health behaviors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.MethodsA parallel-group (intervention and control) study was conducted amongst 79 airline pilots over a 17-week period during the COVID-19 pandemic. The intervention group (n = 38) received a personalized sleep, dietary, and physical activity (PA) program. The control group (n = 41) received no intervention. Outcome measures for sleep, fruit and vegetable intake, PA, and subjective health were measured though an online survey before and after the 17-week period. The changes in outcome measures were used to determine the efficacy of the intervention.ResultsSignificant main effects for time × group were found for International Physical Activity Questionnaire-walk (p = 0.02) and for all other outcome measures (p < 0.01). The intervention group significantly improved in sleep duration (p < 0.01; d = 1.35), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (p < 0.01; d = 1.14), moderate-to-vigorous PA (p < 0.01; d = 1.44), fruit and vegetable intake (p < 0.01; d = 2.09), Short Form 12v2 physical score (p < 0.01; d = 1.52), and Short Form 12v2 mental score (p < 0.01; d = 2.09). The control group showed significant negative change for sleep duration, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score, and Short Form 12v2 mental score (p < 0.01).ConclusionResults provide preliminary evidence that a 3-component healthy sleep, eating, and PA intervention elicit improvements in health behaviors and perceived subjective health in pilots and may improve quality of life during an unprecedented global pandemic.     

健身气功八段锦功法初探

针对当今社会人们在学习、生活、工作等方面压力越来越大、无法长期坚持体育锻炼而造成体质下降等现象,本文向大家介绍八段锦健身气功新功法,旨在为大家缓解压力、解除疲劳、促进身心健康提供一些参考。     

The benefits of ethnic activity group participation on older immigrant well-being and host country adjustment

Drawing on acculturation and social identity literatures, the present research extends on initial work on social group connectedness among older immigrants to examine in a quasi-experimental study the well-being benefits of participating in heritage culture groups. Older immigrant clients (N = 66) of six aged-care agencies in Australia were given diary booklets in which to complete a set of measures on selected days when they did or did not attend the agencies’ heritage culture group activities, over a 2-month period. Results showed that heritage group participation reduced loneliness and increased well-being. Future research should replicate and extend these findings to assist our understanding of how heritage culture group participation aids first-generation older immigrants with aging successfully in a foreign land.     

Health-related fitness knowledge growth in middle school years: Individual- and school-level correlates

BackgroundHealth-related fitness knowledge (HRFK) has been an essential concept for many health and physical education programs. There has been limited understanding and longitudinal investigation on HRFK growth. This longitudinal study examined HRFK growth and its individual- and school-level correlates in middle school years under 1 curriculum condition: Five for Life.MethodsParticipants were 12,044 students from 47 middle schools. Data were collected at both individual/participant and school/institution levels. Individual-level variables included gender, grade, and HRFK test scores. School-level variables included percentage of students receiving free and reduced meals (FARM), student-to-faculty ratio for physical education, and school academic performance (SAP). We used hierarchical linear modeling to examine HRFK 3-year growth in relation to individual- and school-level correlates.ResultsThe average HRFK score at 6th grade for females was 42.81% ± 1.32%. The predicted HRFK growth was 17.06% ± 1.02% per year, holding other factors constant. A 1-standard deviation increase in FARM correlated with a 14.68%-point decrease in predicted test score (p = 0.02). A 1-standard deviation increase in SAP was associated with an 11.90%-point increase in HRFK score. Males had a significantly lower growth rate than females during the middle school years (0.78%/year, p = 0.02).ConclusionThe result showed that both individual- and school-level variables such as gender, FARM, and SAP influenced HRFK growth. Educators should heed gender differences in growth curves and recognize the correlates of school-level variables.