试论知识经济对数学教育的影响

随着知识经济的到来，数学教育的地位将更加突出，大众数学观念将更加深入人心，数学知识的应用将更加重要，数学教育中的科学人精神将更加显现，数学技术必将走进数学教育．     

谈高职教育彩电原理课的模块化教学

随着彩电技术日新月异的发展,高职教育中彩电原理课的教学日益困难.如果把彩电原理划分成信号分析、电路解说、器件测量与故障诊断和新技术知识四个模块,且采用从感性认识到理性认识和从局部理解到系统认识进行教学,可收到很好的教学效果.     

Higher education students’ achievement emotions and their antecedents in e-learning amid COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-country survey

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a wide range of negative consequences for higher education students. We explored the generalizability of the control-value theory of achievement emotions for e-learning, focusing on their antecedents. We involved 17019 higher education students from 13 countries, who completed an online survey during the first wave of the pandemic. A structural equation model revealed that proximal antecedents (e-learning self-efficacy, computer self-efficacy) mediated the relation between environmental antecedents (cognitive and motivational quality of the task) and positive and negative achievement emotions, with some exceptions. The model was invariant across country, area of study, and gender. The rates of achievement emotions varied according to these same factors. Beyond their theoretical relevance, these findings could be the basis for policy recommendations to support stakeholders in coping with the challenges of e-learning and the current and future sequelae of the pandemic.     

美英德三国高职教育对我国高职人才培养的启示

在产业转型与升级的大背景下,社会经济发展对高技能人才的需求越来越大。高职院校作为我国技能型人才培养的主体,也面临着职业特色弱化、人才培养渠道单一、校企合作层次低浅等困境。当前美英德三国的高职教育水平世界公认,其完善的职教体系、合理的师资构成和产学研体系,对我国高职人才培养模式创新都有着重要的借鉴意义。     

Troubling the concept of the ‘academic profession’ in 21st Century higher education

Concern has been expressed about the vulnerability of the ‘academic profession’ as a consequence of threats from productivism, managerialism and the like (Beck and Young, Br J Sociol Educ 26(2):183–197, 2005). I question the apparent self-understanding of academe as a profession. Referring to thinking from higher education (Barnett, High Educ 40:409–422, 2000a; Educ Phil Theor 32(3):319–326, 2000b; Realizing the University in an age of supercomplexity, 2000c; Stud High Educ 25(3):255–265, 2000d; Lond Rev Educ 2(1):61–73, 2004a; Piper, Are professors professional? The organisation of University examinations, 1994; Taylor 1999), and from the sociology of the professions (in particular Evetts, Int J Sociol Soc Policy 23(4/5):22–35, 2003a; Int Sociol 18(2):395–415 2003b; Curr Sociol 54(1):133–143 2006a; Curr Sociol 54(4):515–531, 2006b), I propose that significant shifts in self-understanding and practice are needed for academe to claim a social role as a ‘profession’.     

Motivation across domains: Do goals and attributions change with subject matter for Grades 4 and 5 students?

This study explored a theory for motivation which included aspects of both attribution theory and goal theory. Motivational variables included beliefs about intelligence (entity or incremental), goal orientation (mastery/learning, performance-approach, performance-avoidance) and avoidant behaviours. Grades 4 and 5 students from a large, metropolitan school district were surveyed regarding these motivational variables across the academic domains of reading and mathematics. The relationships among these motivational variables were explored, as well as differences across domains. A diverse sample allowed differences across ethnic groups and socioeconomic status to be studied. Results indicate that children could have a generalised notion of motivation that becomes differentiated when students are asked to reflect on these variables within specified domains. The existence of few differences across ethnic and socioeconomic groups suggest that instructional style could be a more powerful influence than either of these variables.     

The international performance of the South African academic institutions: a citation assessment

This article reports the results of an investigation to identify the disciplinary strengths and the international standing of the higher education institutions in South Africa. Even though comparative assessments provide valuable information for research administrations, researchers and students such information is not available in South Africa currently. The Essential Science Indicators database of the Institute for Scientific Information is utilized for the investigation and six South African universities are identified to be included in the top 1% of the world’s institutions cited in the international scientific literature. The identified institutions are University of Cape Town, University of Pretoria, Orange Free State University, University of Witwatersrand, University of Natal and University of Stellenbosch. Analysis of the scientific disciplines in which the South African institutions meet the threshold requirements for inclusion in the database shows that the country has citation footprints in only nine of the 22 broad scientific disciplines. The article identifies the international standing of the South African universities in the various scientific disciplines, and elaborates on the consequences relevant to higher education and science and technology policy.     

A Study on the Impact of GPA on Perceived Improvement of Higher‐Order Cognitive Skills*

Colleges of Business (COBs) have experienced high growth rates in the past decade and many colleges are imposing minimum grade point average (GPA) requirements for students to enter or remain in the college. A primary reason for this requirement may be the belief that students with high GPAs are more inclined to demonstrate higher‐order cognitive skills (HOCS) than students with low GPAs. It is not clear whether the link is valid. This study hypothesizes that students with high GPAs who are taught in the same way as students with lower GPAs will have higher perceptions of improved HOCS. We conducted an experiment in which students, with varying GPAs, at three large universities primarily used multimedia instructional materials. We obtained the students' perceptions of their improved HOCS from their responses to a survey. A regression analysis of the data reveals that the relationship between GPAs and students' perceived improvement in HOCS is significant (p < .001). We conclude the study by recommending that (a) it is critical to use research methodologies to evaluate perceived and actual learning improvements, (b) COB policies to implement GPA restrictions on admission are worthwhile, and (c) case studies need to be used much more frequently in undergraduate COB classes.     

高职院校专业教育成本探讨

专业教育成本是学校评价各系办学效益好坏、管理水平高低的一个重要指标,是学校作出扩大规模、还是缩小规模,以及扩大或缩小何专业规模决策的重要因素。专业教育成本研究涉及到专业教育成本核算内容界定、专业教育成本的计量方法、对学校共同经费的分配方法等内容。     

“用二分法求方程的近似解”的教学思考

“用二分法求方程的近似解”是人教社新课标高中《数学》必修1（A版）新出现的内容。它充分体现了函数与方程之问的联系,同时也体现了算法思想,在算法设计中最关键的东西是理解算理。文章对“二分法”的算理作了深入讨论,分析并描述了二分法的流程,提出了“二分法”教学设计思路,丰富了高中数学新课程资源。