Educational Research for Policy and Practice in Japan – With Particular Reference to Youth Education

Based upon the Fundamental Law of Education, Japanese school education system has long been a source of pride for the country as a result of the high school participation rate, the homogeneity of compulsory education throughout the country. However, the confidence of the people in its schools is now showing severe signs of strain and fatigue. In recent years, there have been many reports about the growing seriousness of a number of educational problems having to do with young people in their childhood and adolescence. Since the mid-1970s, a number of problems have been highlighted. They include violent behavior, juvenile crimes, bullying, refusal to attend school, dropping out at secondary level of education, and corporal punishment. Against the above background, based on recommendations from such advisory bodies as the Central Council for Education and the National Commission on Education Reform, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) has adopted a range of policies and launched a series of educational reform programmes. For instance, what is called “Rainbow Plan”, based on the final report submitted by the National Commission on Education Reform, provides the country with basic guidelines for the educational reform in the near future. Roles of educational research for making policies have been of significance. Research initiated by the National Institute for Educational Policy Research (NIER) and the National Federation of Educational Policy Research Institutes (NFERI) is an example of contributions to the development of educational qualities in the country. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

从欧洲货币一体化看亚洲货币一体化趋势

蒙代尔(Robert．A．Mundell)在1999年荣获诺贝尔经济奖之后预言，在未来十年中将出现三大货币区：欧元区、美元区和亚元区。继欧洲货币一体化后，北美积极向美元一体化发展；阿拉伯经济区、中非和西非也迈出了本地区货币一体化的步伐．亚洲经济区尚未进入实质性的货币经济联盟，令人格外关注．中国版图内的货币可否率先进行整合，建立“中元”，为“亚元”曲成立打开一个突破口?亚洲货币一体化的趋势不可逆转，“亚元”的实现是迟早的事。正确的选择是创立“中元”，为“亚元”的实现创造条件。     

论邓小平和平与发展的国际战略思想

论述了邓小平崭新的战争与和平观以及邓小平对时代主题的新判断,邓小平指出:"和平与发展是当代世界主题".     

伊朗伊拉克关系研究(1979-1991)

在过去40余年中，伊朗和伊拉克两国关系错综复杂，特别是在伊朗1979年革命以后，由于教派分歧、地区领导权争夺、领土纠纷等因素，两伊冲突呈加剧趋势，并且最终导致爆发两伊战争。海湾战争使两伊关系有所改善，但好景不长。随着冷战结束和地区形势变化，两国的国际处境越发困难，国内问题也层出不穷，因此在经历了革命与战争的磨难后，两国关系渐趋解冻并获绳一些发展，但前景仍不容乐观。     

An international comparison using a diagnostic testing model: Turkish students’ profile of mathematical skills on TIMSS-R

This study illustrates how a diagnostic testing model can be used to make detailed comparisons between student populations participating in international assessments. The performance of Turkish students on the TIMSS-R mathematics test was reanalyzed with a diagnostic testing model called the Rule Space Model. First, mathematical and cognitive skills (‘attributes’) measured by the test were determined. One hundred sixty-two items were coded in terms of their attribute involvement, creating an incidence matrix—the Q-matrix. Using the Q-matrix and the student response data, each student’s attribute mastery profile was determined. Mean attribute mastery levels of Turkish students were computed and compared to those of their American peers. It was shown that Turkish students were weak in algebra and probability/statistics. They also demonstrated poor profiles in skills such as applying rules in algebra, approximation/estimation, solving open-ended problems, recognizing patterns and relationships, and quantitative reading.

从国际法国内法角度谈WTO协定在中国的适用

中国成为WTO成员国之后面临的首要问题是如何履行WTO协定所确定的条约义务 ,即WTO协定如何在中国适用。从国际法 (国际条约 )与国内法关系的传统理论和各国实践出发 ,分析WTO协定作为国际贸易公法的特殊性质 ,参照各国适用WTO协定的做法 ,阐明在目前的国际形势下 ,非直接适用WTO协定是我国履行WTO条约义务的较为理想的方式     

运动表象训练在高校女生跨栏教学中的运用与研究

根据运动心理学原理，针对普通高校女生在跨栏学习过程中产生的消极、恐惧等现象，将运动表象训练运用到女生跨栏教学中，使跨栏的基本知识、基本技术和基本技能的学习与智能训练相结合，改变了原来跨栏教学枯燥而紧张的教学结构。实验结果表明，其教学结果优于常规教学。     

融资租赁国际化实践中的若干法律问题

租赁公司和租赁交易的国际化,产生了相关国际立法协调统一的需求。以《国际融资租赁公约》为依据的国际融资租赁实践,对中国承租人有如下启示:应注意援引“公约”中关于出租人免责的除外条款;在出租人违反了权利担保义务或违约而未作补救之前,其有权拒付租金;选择管辖法院时务必顾及判决的可执行性;在合意选择准据法时,应事先就这一合意选择在相关国家的有效性作最后的确认。     

我国国际旅行社发展的地区间差异分析

首先对我国国际旅行社发展在行业规模、企业规模等方面以省为单位进行比较;然后对于我国国际旅行社企业的投入要素和经营效益之间的关系进行了回归分析。结果认为:(1)我国各地区国际旅行社在行业规模、企业规模方面存在极大差异;(2)旅行社平均职工人数只对旅行社劳动生产率有显著影响,对人均实现利税影响不显著;旅行社固定资产投入量对旅行社劳动生产率和人均实现利税都有显著影响。最后对我国国际旅行社的发展提出了政策建议。     

中国愿油定价机制改革的实证检验与思考——基于大庆原油的分析

我国的原油定价机制尚缺乏研究。回归检验了Minas原油至我国大庆原油的价格传导关系．讨论了大庆原油价格的形成特点，并归纳出国内外油价波动传导路径。尽管原油价格之间具有长期一致性．但背离指标揭示了Minas原油价格具有异常波动频繁而剧烈的短期特征．这种蕴舍风险的价格变化同样反映在大庆原油的价格上。进而分析了油价波动对经济运行的不利影响．提出了改进我国原油定价机制的建议。