Evaluation of adenosine deaminase activity and lipid peroxidation levels in diabetes mellitus

There was increase in erythrocyte lipid peroxidation and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in red blood cells (RBC's), white blood cells (WBC's) and plasma, in 30 patients of confirmed diabetes mellitus, 10 each of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM or type I), non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM or type II) and diabetes with ketoacidosis when compared with 20 healthy individuals (controls). Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c%, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and glycerol levels were also elevated in all the cases when compared with controls. The increase was more in diabetic ketoacidosis group. Significant positive correlations were seen between erythrocyte lipid peroxidation and ADA activities in RBC's, WBC's and plasma. It is suggested that decreased tissue adenosine levels due to increase in ADA activity, is related to the severity of hyperglycemia and lipid peroxidation in diabetes mellitus.     

Effect of supplementation of vitamin C and E on oxidative stress in osteoporosis

Osteoporosis encompasses a wide spectrum of conditions associated with imbalance of osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities. The increased activity of osteoclasts leads to increased free radical formation and hence lipid peroxidation. Present study probes into the role of antioxidants as a palliative treatment for osteoporosis. It involved 50 healthy controls and 75 clinically diagnosed osteoporosis patients. Both the groups underwent baseline assessment of biochemical markers viz. osteoblastic markers: serum Alkaline phosphatase. Free or ionic calcium and Inorganic phosphorus, osteoclastic markers: serum Tartarate resistant acid phosphatase and Malondialdehyde and the antioxidant status: serum Superoxide dismutase and Erythrocyte reduced glutathione. The osteoporotic group was then divided into groups A (Vitamin E-Evinal 400 mg), B (Vitamin C-Celin 500 mg), C (Vitamin E+C-Evinal+Celin) for antioxidant supplementation for a period of 90 days. The results reveal that there is significant fall in concentration of serum MDA (p<0.001), TrACP (p<0.01). Improvement in antioxidant status is reflected by significant rise in concentration of serum SOD (p<0.001) and erythrocyte GSH (p<0.001) after 90 days of antioxidant supplementation in osteoporosis. The findings indicate that on the whole bone status improved with prolonged antioxidant vitamin supplementation, which can be used as a palliative treatment for osteoporosis. The efficacy is not affected whether the vitamins are administered singly or conjointly.     

大鼠运动性贫血时以及营养干预对红细胞膜脂质过氧化的影响

目的：探讨运动性贫血的发生机理以及防治的有效方法。方法：在运动性贫血模型基础上和抗运动性贫血剂基础上进行红细胞氧化应激状态的研究。结果：运动性贫血时红细胞自由基生成增加，脂质过氧化增强，抗氧化酶系统能力降低；抗运动性贫血剂不同程度地提高血浆和红细胞的SOD、CAT、GSH—PX水平（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论：运动性贫血大鼠红细胞氧化和抗氧化平衡严重失调，抗运动性贫血剂通过降低自由基的生成，有效减少红细胞的老化，改善红细胞损伤来治疗运动性低贫血。     

活性氧代谢与植物的抗逆性

简述了植物体内活性氧的产生及其主要部位,活性氧对膜脂过氧化的启动以及活性氧对细胞膜系统结构的损伤,着重讨论了活性氧的清除与植物的抗逆性之间的关系,认为在各种逆境胁迫下,植物体内酶促与非酶促系统对活性氧的清除从而增强了植物的抗逆性,同时,应用一些外源新型植物生长调节剂可有效促进酶促系统清除活性氧,更好地增强植物对逆境的忍耐力。     

Association of Inflammatory Cytokines,Lipid Peroxidation End Products and Nitric Oxide with the Clinical Severity and Fetal Outcome in Preeclampsia in Indian Women

Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder associated with maternal hypertension, placental abnormalities and adverse fetal outcomes. The various pathways involved in its etiology include endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory milieu, lipid peroxidation and immunological imbalance. The present study was conducted to evaluate the causative and predictive role of nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation end products (MDA) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) in clinical presentation, severity and fetal outcome in preeclampsia. The study population was divided into 3 groups- Non- pregnant females comprising the control population; G1 and G2 groups included normal pregnant and pregnant females with preeclampsia with 50 patients in each group. Nitric Oxide and MDA levels were found to be highest in the preeclamptic patients as compared to other two groups. ROC curve analysis shows the superiority of the inflammatory markers as determinants of severity of preeclampsia which suggests the emerging role of pro inflammatory markers in the various pathological changes in preeclampsia. TNF-α emerged as the best marker in multivariate analysis and thus, has the potential for being used as a marker for PIH. Our study illustrates the multifactorial etiology of preeclampsia involving oxidative stress, proinflammatory milieu and endothelial dysfunction.     

Relationships between serum lipid, lipoprotein, triglyceride-rich lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein particle concentrations in post-renal transplant patients

Objective:Disturbances in lipid and lipoprotein profiles in patients after kidney transplantation (Tx) are still not understood. Methods:Serum levels of lipids,lipoprotein,triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs),and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles were determined,lipid and lipoprotein ratios were calculated,and their relationships in Tx patients with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and lower apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) concentration were examined. Serum lipid and lipoprotein levels were measured in 109 Tx p...     

牛磺酸对运动大鼠心肌和大脑脂褐素及脂质过氧化的影响

笔者以力竭运动为模型 ,观察了牛磺酸对大鼠心肌和大脑中脂褐素含量、MDA、SOD及GSH的变化 ,探讨了牛磺酸对运动大鼠心肌和大脑脂褐素及脂质过氧化的影响。发现力竭运动可造成大鼠心肌和大脑中脂褐素含量、MDA水平显著增加 ,造成大鼠心肌和大脑中SOD和GSH显著下降 ;而补充牛磺酸可抑制力竭运动后大鼠心肌和大脑中脂褐素含量和MDA水平的显著增加 ,抑制大鼠心肌和大脑中SOD活性和GSH含量显著下降。结论 :牛磺酸可防止运动后大鼠心肌和大脑脂褐素和脂质过氧化增加 ,有保护细胞和抗衰老作用。     

人的衰老与自由基

衰老与自由基学说主要认为随着年龄增大的退行性变化是由于自由基的副作用引起。在正常情况下，机体内自由基的产生与消失是处于动态平衡的。当体内的自由基过剩时，细胞的生物大分子比学结构发生破坏性反应，损伤正常组织形态功能的完整性。当损伤程度超过修复或丧失其代偿能力时，组织器官的机能就逐步发生紊乱及障碍，表现出机体逐渐趋于衰老。     

间歇训练对负荷游泳力竭运动后即刻及恢复期大鼠心肌脂质过氧化及钙离子代谢的影响

方法:将大鼠随机分为两大组:对照组(A组)和间歇训练保护组(B组),A组常规喂养6周,B组间歇训练6周,6周后,除安静组外,其它组进行一次性力竭游泳训练,分别在即刻、6小时和24小时取材.测定血清CK及心肌组织SOD、GSH-PX、MDA、Ca2 .结果:B组力竭后3个时相点较A组SOD、GSH-Px活性非常显著性升高;A、B组力竭后3个时相点与安静时比MDA水平均非常显著地升高,A组在6小时最高,但B组力竭后3个时相点升高幅度均较A组低,在6小时有非常显著性差异:A、B组力竭后2个时相点与安静时比Ca2 水平均非常显著地升高,但B组力竭后3个时相点升高幅度均较A组低:在6小时B组CK非常显著地低于A组.结论:间歇训练作为一种运动预处理可显著提高力竭运动后的心肌组织S0D、GSH-PX活性,减轻脂质过氧化程度,保护细胞膜的完整性,改善钙离子代谢.     

游泳对载脂蛋白E敲除大鼠的脂代谢和动脉粥样硬化形成的影响

研究评价6周游泳运动对载脂蛋白E（apoE-／-）敲除的6周龄大鼠脂质代谢和动脉粥样硬化的影响。大鼠分为对照组（n=7）和运动组（n=7）。运动组大鼠进行6周递增负荷游泳运动,每周均按照第一天10分钟,每周5天（每天增加10分钟,直到连续运动1小时）。评价运动前和运动后血浆总胆固醇。处死大鼠后评价胸、腹主动脉粥样硬化的面积。体重、脂代谢两组结果相似。运动组的相关统计指数降低,表明apoE-/-大鼠游泳运动后动脉粥样硬化病变减少。但这种改变与脂肪代谢无关。