The effects of learning to spell on children’s awareness of morphology

Because the spelling of many words in the English language (and in many other languages as well) depends on their morphemic structure, children have to have some knowledge about morphemes in order to learn to read and write. This raises the possibility that children gain much of their explicit knowledge about morphemes as a direct result of learning to read and to spell. We report two large-scale longitudinal studies that support the idea of this kind of causal connection. In the first study children’s success in spelling the inflexion at the end of regular past verbs predicted their performance in two morphological awareness tasks a year later. In the second study the children’s consistency in spelling morphemes predicted their ability to define new words on the basis of their morphemic structure. We conclude that the experience of learning to read and write does affect people’s knowledge of morphemes, and we argue that the causal relationship between morphemic knowledge and reading and writing is probably a two-way one.     

The links between grammar and spelling: A cognitive hurdle in deep orthographies?

A cross-sectional study tested Danish students' mastery of links between grammar and spelling (cf. the English link between past tense verbs and the -ed spelling for a word final /t/, e.g., miss ed vs. mis t). One hundred and forty-two students aged 10–17 spelled pseudo-word items with ambiguous phonemes, where the choice between a 'conditional' spelling (cf. English ed for /t/) and a simple spelling (cf. t for /t/) was predictable from the grammatical context but not from the sound. Overgeneralisations (conditional spellings used where simple spellings were appropriate) were controlled to obtain pure measures of grammatical spelling competence. The oldest group of participants performed near ceiling on four of five spelling problems studied while three younger groups in the experiment never did. The nature of the apparent grammatical hurdle in Danish spelling acquisition is discussed.     

基于数学形态学的车牌定位算法

在汽车牌照识别系统中,车牌定位是整个识别模块实现的前提,为了能对汽车牌照精确定位,提出了一种基于数学形态学的车牌定位方法.首先利用中值滤波方法对汽车图像进行消噪处理,然后用迭代阈值选择法将图像进行二值化,并运用数学形态学的膨胀、腐蚀对二值图像进行处理,得到几个车牌候选区,然后利用面积、长宽比以及垂直投影特征值等进行综合分析,准确定位车牌区域.实验结果表明,该方法简单易行、准确率高、并且具有一定实效性,可用于对实际车牌图像的准确定位.     

产后康复操对产妇形态机能恢复的影响

本文根据产妇生理心理特点,结合瑜伽、普拉提以及民族传统体育动作等创编了一套产后康复体操,旨在帮助恢复产妇身体形态,降低腹直肌分离指数等。通过3个月的康复训练,效果显著,说明该套康复操对产妇集中出现的典型问题康复效果显著,值得推广。建议国家、社会及家庭能采取相应措施,鼓励产妇尽早进行产后康复锻炼,帮助产妇更好回归社会。     

运动对肾脏形态结构和功能影响的研究进展

采用文献法,对运动导致肾脏形态结构和功能改变相关研究进行了全面梳理,研究认为,目前这方面的研究存在以下问题：（1）多数研究之间相对独立,研究成果较分散;（2）定性研究多,定量研究缺乏;（3）动物实验研究多,人体实验研究缺乏。因此,现有研究成果在运动导致肾脏损伤中的切实运用,还需进一步全面、系统、定量的深入开展研究。     

形态、心理及专项身体素质对青年女子曲棍球运动员选材的影响

选拔优秀的青年女子曲棍球运动后备人才,是提高我国女子曲棍球运动水平的关键所在,而在以往的选材过程中,以经验选材的现象依然存在。文章运用了观察测量法、文献资料法、专家访谈法、心理测试法等四川省青年女子曲棍球运动员进行了研究,就科学地选材的原则,选材中身体形态、心理气质类型及专项身体素质与选材的关系进行了分析,提出了对选材的认识,以求提高青年女子曲棍球运动员选材的成功率。     

基于数学形态学的图像处理

以形态为基础对图像处理的数学工具——数学形态学,是一种非线性滤波方法。从19世纪创立发展至今,已在不同领域得到广泛应用。数学形态学具有膨胀、腐蚀、开启和闭合四种基本运算,在图像处理中通过选择一定的结构元素,利用其基本性质对图像进行分割、噪声滤除、边缘检测等处理。但是,目前数学形态学在图像处理应用方面还面临一些问题,有待于进一步解决。今后,该门学科将会朝不同种类数学形态学快速算法的实现、优化结构元素的选取、形态运算的通用性及适应性等方向发展。     

Study on Bombyx mori silk treated by oxygen plasma

Study of the morphology, aggregation structure and properties ofBombyx mori silk treated by low temperatureoxygen plasma showed that slight flutes appeared on the surface of Bombyx mori silk fiber and that its surface structurechanged after plasma treatment. The conformation also changed and crystalline degree decreased. The stannic filling rate oftreated fiber was improved. Because of etching, the weight of the fiber decreased but the breaking strength changed littleafter short-time treatment.     

多媒体技术在医药形态学教学中的应用

通过对多媒体技术的研究，充分利用多媒体技术自身所具有的图文并茂、信息量大、交互性强、动静结合等的优势，并根据医药形态学教学中的特点，针对呆板、单调的形态学传统教学模式进行了初步的改革探讨。     

基于科技文献的技术机会分析方法初探

面对全球技术环境的快速发展,企业必须对本领域内技术的发展状况和发展趋势深入了解,把握技术机会,才能在激烈的竞争中生存发展。通过引入基于形态分析的技术机会分析,描述了技术机会识别过程,为企业的技术创新和政府的技术管理提供必要的决策支持和信息保障。