青少年武术套路运动员运动损伤调查与预防策略研究

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法、数据统计法、逻辑分析法,对青少年武术套路运动员运动损伤情况调查与分析,研究结果表明：运动损伤类型列前位依次为关节损伤、肌肉劳损、肌肉拉伤、骨膜损伤;运动员损伤部位依次为腰部、膝部、腿部、踝关节、腕关节。发生损伤的原因有运动负荷的安排调控、技术动作掌握、带伤训练、准备活动不够到位等因素。本文将根据损伤调查情况,提出相应预防策略。     

辽宁省青少年田径运动员运动损伤调查研究

对部分青少年运动员运动损伤原因进行调查,总结其共性,提出预防措施,以期为教练员和运动员在今后的训练和比赛中预防和减少运动损伤的发生提供参考。     

武术套路运动中运动损伤之研究述评

武术套路运动是一项对速度、爆发力和协调性要求特别高的全身性运动,尤其是2003年武术套路新规则实施以后,竞技武术套路进一步向着“高、难、美、新”方向发展,运动员运动损伤现象更是屡见不鲜。研究从武术套路运动中运动损伤的种类、部位、原因和预防等方面对运动员运动损伤的研究现状进行分析和评述,提出武术套路运动损伤的研究不仅仅要注重对膝、踝、腰等常见损伤部位的研究,也要兼顾并深化对腕、肘、肩等低危损伤部位的研究,同时开展运动损伤的预防和治疗的干预效果的实验研究。     

Epidemiology of injuries in First Division Spanish football

Abstract

The aim was to examine the injuries sustained by Spanish football players in the First Division and to compare injury-related variables in the context of both competition and training. The injury data were prospectively collected from 16 teams (427 players) using a specific web-based survey during the 2008/2009 season. A total of 1293 injuries were identified (145 were recurring injuries). The overall injury incidence was 5.65 injuries per 1000 h of exposure. Injuries were much more common during competition than during training (43.53 vs. 3.55 injuries per 1000 h of exposure, P < 0.05). Most of the injuries (89.6%) involved the lower extremities, and overuse (65.7%) was the main cause. Muscle and tendon injuries were the most common types of injury (53.8%) among the players. The incidence of training injuries was greater during the pre-season and tended to decrease throughout the season, while the incidence of competition injuries increased throughout the season (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study suggest the need for injury prevention protocols in the First Division of the Spanish Football League to reduce the number of overuse injuries in the muscles and tendons in the lower extremities. In addition, special attention should be paid during the pre-season and the competitive phase II (the last four months of the season) in order to prevent training and competition injuries, respectively.     

Return to play management after concussion in football: recommendations for team physicians

Abstract

A concussion is a rare but potentially serious injury of football players. Thus, an immediate and valid diagnosis, estimate of severity and therapeutic management is required. To summarise the published information on management of concussion with respect to a safe return to play (RTP), a literature search was conducted. Current guidelines on concussion in sports and significant studies on concussion in football were analysed. After concussion, management and RTP decision should remain in the area of clinical judgement on an individualised basis according to the current international guidelines. If a concussion is suspected, the player should not be allowed to RTP the same day. The RTP programme should follow a gradual step-wise procedure. A concussed player should not RTP unless he/she is asymptomatic and the neurological and neuropsychological examinations are normal. Untimely RTP bears an increased risk of sustaining another more severe brain injury and repetitive brain injury of long-term sequelae. In football, the management of concussion should primarily follow the recommendations proposed by the Concussion in Sports Group. Information and education of players and their medical and coaching team help to protect the players’ health. Future studies on concussion should include validated and detailed information on RTP protocols.     

Welcome to Norway!? The Discussions About German Participation in the 1952 Olympic Winter Games in Oslo

The German re-entry into the Olympic Movement after the Second World War took place at the 1952 Olympic Winter Games in Oslo – the capital of a country which had been occupied by Nazi Germany from 1940 to 1945. The wounds of war had by no means healed in Norway at the time of the Oslo event; thus, the 1952 Olympic Games became once more a political issue. In fact, prior to the event, the question of German participation had given rise to numerous discussions between Norway, the Federal Republic of Germany and the IOC. Therefore, the West German ‘Return to Olympia’ was a process which took two years and required patience and diplomatic tact. The objective of this article is to trace this process both from the Norwegian and German perspectives since the research results on the subject available to date emphasised either a Norwegian or a German perspective. This approach also seems interesting against the historical background of the onset of the Cold War.     

青少年冰球运动员运动性损伤的预防

冰球运动以速度、对抗和冲撞成为现代竞技体育运动中最具竞技性、观赏性和对抗性的比赛项目之一,其危险性也是诱发运动损伤较高的比赛项目,训练中积极预防少年冰球运动员的运动损伤发对提高我国冰球运动的普及率具有重要的作用。情绪状态与自我控制能力,对规则的认知与技术的规范性,训练安排与训练负荷的科学性,场地器材与护具等因素是诱发运动损伤的主要原因;冰球运动员的运动损伤主要发生在四肢,尤其以下肢损伤为多,其他部位占少数,损伤最多的是闭合性软组织损伤、关节和韧带扭伤。提出采取加强思想教育,合理、科学地安排训练负荷与训练过程,加强易伤部位的训练,加强保健指导、提高保护和自我保护意识,提高场地器材与护具的质量等措施,积极预防少年冰球运动员的运动损伤的发生,给予体育锻炼者参考与指导,提高冰球运动员运动寿命。     

自由式滑雪运动损伤风险研究

基于2006~2014赛季国际滑雪联合会损伤健康系统(FIS ISS)最新伤病报告数据,对自由式滑雪运动损伤类型、损伤严重程度、损伤部分等进行分析,得出自由式滑雪运动员最容易受伤部位是膝盖、头部、脸部、髋部,容易受伤的类型是关节与韧带损伤、骨折与应力性骨折、脑震荡等。从自由式滑雪专项特征、比赛要求、场地与器械、训练等方面分析导致损伤的风险因素,提出规避和降低损伤风险的建议。     

现代大学的理念与奥林匹克运动实践--清华大学的探索

在讨论以人才培养为中心，以教学、科研、服务社会为己任的现代大学理念的基础上，论述了现代大学在奥林匹克运动发展中的重要作用；在理解绿色奥运、科技奥运、人文奥运理念的基础上，通过清华大学对2008年北京奥运会的具体参与，讨论了现代大学只要能够很好地认识、定位自身的角色，就可以创造条件，参与北京奥运会的筹备和举办，积极推动绿色奥运、科技奥运、人文奥运主题的实现，为2008年北京奥运会的成功举办提供智力城的支持。     

锌·自由基与运动

本文介绍了自由基的特征及对人体的损伤；微量元素锌对人体的作用；通过运动、补充维生素及中药等对提高机体的抗氧化能力、增强运动能力、延缓衰老的作用。