一·二八事变期间国民政府对日政策评析

国民政府处理一·二八事变的基本出发点是：首先实现中日停战,然后通过外交途径解决争端。为此,国民政府在军事、政治与外交方面多管齐下。显见,此时国民政府对日政策与九一八事变时期相比发生了一定的变化。这既折射出中日民族矛盾的进一步激化,也说明国民政府的对日政策开始发生微妙的调整。然而,国民政府对日政策的核心仍是基于依赖国际调停的方式来解决中日争端。国民政府对日态度未发生根本性变化。     

我国当代图书馆事业政策建设及研究述评

从政策学角度加强图书馆事业政策的研究具有较大的现实意义和理论价值.为进一步了解政策对我国图书馆事业发展具有的特殊意义,文章借鉴现代政策科学的理论和研究方法,揭示了我国当代图书馆事业政策建设的状况及不足,总结并述评了我国图书馆事业政策研究的特点及存在的问题,在此基础上指出提高我国图书馆事业政策建设及研究水平的关键点.     

1977年以来我国高校图书馆事业政策发展阶段性特征述评(上)

1977年后,我国的高等教育进入了快速发展时期,大量与高校图书馆建设直接或间接相关的国家高等教育政策规范着高校图书馆的发展。该文在对这些政策进行溯源和归类的基础上,总结了我国高等教育四个发展阶段中高校图书馆发展的不同特征。     

SERVING AND LEARNING ATA UNIVERSITY LABORATORY SCHOOL: STUDENTS FROM BIRTH THOUGH ADULTHOOD BENEFIT WHEN SERVICE LEARNING IS INTEGRATED INTO THE PRESERVICE CURRICULUM

Service‐Learning (S‐L) pedagogy is attracting increased attention in teacher education. This article describes the implementation of S‐L in the preservice early childhood curriculum, which placed students in a birth‐5 years setting. It identifies a continuum of learning to care, which begins in infancy, as caring capacities emerge, through to adulthood, when preservice teachers learn from experienced mentors how caring characterizes their interactions with learners of all ages. Students’ journals indicate they believe S‐L experiences contribute to their personal, academic and professional development. Carefully implemented S‐L experiences validate students’ caring interactions, give them first‐hand experiences with young children during which they can apply theoretical constructs, provide experiences which help them clarify their own career goals, and make them feel better prepared to manage instructional and classroom management dimensions of working with young children.     

试驳“第二代民族政策”说

"第二代民族政策"说提出了"以族群替代民族"、"民族问题去政治化"、"民族关系去政治化"、实行"第二代民族政策"等观点。此观点不符合中国国情,不顾中国政治、经济、文化三方面的客观实际,在思想上造成了干扰,理论上造成了混乱,违背了中国的基本政治制度。所以,所谓的"第二代民族政策"说是假学说,是伪命题。     

Driving innovation: Public policy and human capital

Human capital, the set of skills, knowledge, capabilities and attributes embodied in people, is crucial to firms’ capacity to absorb and organize knowledge and to innovate. Research on human capital has traditionally focused on education and training. A concern with the motivationally-relevant elements of human capital such as employees’ job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and willingness to change in the workplace (all of which have been shown to drive innovation), has often been overlooked in economic research and by public policy interventions to date. The paper addresses this gap in two ways: First, by studying firms’ human resource systems that can enhance these elements of human capital, and second, using the results of this research as a springboard for a public policy program targeted at elements of human capital that have been ignored by traditional education and training interventions. Using a sample of 1070 employee-managers in Ireland, we apply a series of probit regressions to understand how different human resources systems influence the probability of employee-managers reporting the motivationally-relevant elements of human capital. The research: (1) Finds that respondents in organizations with certain human resource systems are more likely to report motivationally-relevant elements of human capital. Specifically, employee-managers in organizations with proactive work practices and that consult with their employee-managers increase the predicted probability of reporting that they are satisfied with their job, willing to change, and are committed to the organization; (2) Highlights the need to consider the role of policy interventions to support the motivationally-relevant elements of human capital; (3) Proposes a new policy program offer to support the motivationally-relevant elements of human capital in order to increase firms’ innovation activity.     

基于政策工具与创新价值链双重视角的科技成果转化政策国际比较研究

在政策工具和创新价值链双重视角下,本文选取美国、欧盟、日本、韩国和以色列五个国家的科技成果转化政策作为研究对象,比较分析五个国家在政策手段和目的上的特点与差异,以期为中国科技成果转化政策的完善给予政策指引。结果表明,五个国家的供给型政策工具和环境型政策工具存在过溢现象,需求型政策工具运用不足。在推动创新价值链各环节中,不同国家在不同环节的侧重点有所不同,同一环节运用的政策工具类型存在较大差异。美国、日本和以色列等国家在研究开发阶段运用的政策工具比在商业化与产业化阶段来得多,欧盟和韩国的情况则相反,但五个国家在生产试验阶段运用的政策工具都最少。     

基于深化科技体制改革的陕西技术创新模式转变路径与政策体系研究

经过改革开放40年的经济和科技体制改革,我国科技力量的数量布局已发生了根本性变化,到2017年,企业占全社会研发经费总量达到78%,已取代高校、科研院所成为全社会研发经费投入的主体,我国科技成果转化模式向技术创新模式转变的微观基础条件已经形成。但在陕西,企业占全社会研发经费总量仅为47.7%,这种微观基础远未形成。在新时代,陕西实现技术创新模式转变的路径和政策措施主要一是以加大企业研发投入强度为着力点,促进企业真正成为技术创新的主体;二是以体制机制创新为保障,提高科技成果本地转化率;三是以切实落实带整体突破性的“陕九条”政策为突破口,引导科技创新人才在企业技术创新活动中“名利双收”并向企业流动;四是以推动企业走自主创新道路为方向,实现陕西强大的国家科技从创新链到产业链上下游链接下游的原始创新,强化大型企业和工程的集成创新,突出中小企业引进消化吸收再创新;五是要切实解决政府激励企业技术创新政策过剩、越位和错位问题,如要把激励企业技术创新事前的财政补贴,转向面向消费市场补贴,即把创新经费补贴给需求方、采购方、技术使用方或者是企业取得重大创新之后再予补贴。     

对少数民族考生高考加分政策的政治学思考

本文介绍了少数民族考生高考加分政策的历史和特点,在此基础上,文章认为,这一政策是中国民族政策的重要体现。尽管存在缺陷,但是这一政策仍然是需要长期执行的。     

Why did people become secondary-school English as a foreign language teachers in China? An examination of the pathways, motivations and policy through a life-history narrative approach

Teacher motivation has been found to be a critical predictor of teachers’ work commitment, identity and performance, yet has received insufficient attention in educational policymaking. In this article the reasons for people becoming teachers of English as a foreign language in China, reflect both social and psychological factors. This motivational aspect of becoming and being a teacher, in particular a teacher of English, provides an avenue for capturing teachers’ meaning and understanding of teaching in their context through the narratives of their experience of why and how they teach English. To develop a policy aimed at sustaining the intrinsic motivation of teachers, it is crucial to analyze the issues that affect a teacher’s commitment and identity.