对直道栏教学中学生的心理障碍及克服方法的探讨

分析了跨栏步、栏间跑和全程跑的心理障碍及消除方法。     

群体凝聚力对大学生心理健康影响的研究

采用社会测量问卷和自评症状量表,对在校9个班级的人学生进行了测量,结果发现:人学生SCL-90与其班集体的凝聚力有着紧密的负的相关关系(R=.0.78.P<0.05),女大学生较男生更易受到集体的约束,因而与班集体的凝聚力相关程度更高(R=.0.82,P<0.01);在群体凝聚力与SCL-90各因子的分析中得知,凝聚力与焦虑因子、敌对因子有着较为密切的关系(R=0.76和=0.77,P<0.05);与精神病性因子有高度密切的关系(R=0.89,P<0.01)。因此,加强大学生所生活的集体的凝聚力,可以为大学生提供1个良好的心理成长环境,对促进大学生心理健康有重要意义。     

对高校开设心理素质拓展课程的实效研究

心理素质是个体综合素质的重要内容,也是一个人成功的基本素质。当代大学生整体素质的高低将直接影响中国经济和社会的发展水平,素质拓展训练以其丰富的形式和深刻的内涵,寓教于乐的功能,逐渐被越来越多的院校重视。本文从实效角度入手分析开展此项课程过程及结果,为推动素质教育的实施,促进大学生的全面发展提供了科学参考。     

网络环境更应加强馆风建设

根据网络环境的要求，阐述馆风建设的意义。分析馆风的内涵，特征和馆风建设中的负面影响；提出网络环境下馆风建设的方法和措施。     

优化体育课堂教学心理氛围的尝试

阐述了创设体育课堂教学心理氛围的重要性及其优化效能,并作了理论探讨和实践尝试,提出与分析了新的教学方法,以达到提高教学效果的目的.     

从建安风骨到盛唐气象的重要拐点——论陈子昂对建安文学的传播接受

陈子昂从理论、创作与为人三个方面肯定和接受建安文学，发掘了建安文学别于且高于六朝文学的价值，将建安文学提升到革除文弊与重振文风的重要地位，他通过自己的努力与影响力，使建安文学得到广泛认可与传播，成为影响盛唐文学发展的主流力量。陈子昂之后，建安文学被奉为正宗，对盛唐气象之形成功莫大焉。     

关于中医医师情报吸收机理的研究

文章运用了中医学理论和情报学理论结合心理学和思维学理论，从感知、注意、思维等层面。对中医医生情报吸收机理进行了初步探讨和研究。     

A new age for child protection--General Comment 13: why it is important, how it was constructed, and what it intends?

Children continue to be subjected to high levels of violence (i.e., physical, psychological and sexual maltreatment) throughout the world. International concern about violence against children has increased significantly during the last decade. A Study on Violence Against Children, encouraged by the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, conducted under the auspices of the United Nations Secretary General and reported in 2006, has become a rallying call to improve child protection. Child protection practices and systems have been judged to be generally inadequate and, in some cases, destructive. It is widely recognized that business as usual—more of the same—will not do. A General Comment (guide to fulfilling obligations) for Article 19, the central conceptualization of child protection of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, has the potential to promote a worldwide reformulation of child protection priorities, policies, and practices by virtue of the infusion of a child rights approach. It can be a mechanism for framing and promoting the transformational change needed – for a genuine paradigm shift. Here, explication is given for the historical context, rationale, centrality of child rights, process of development, holistic nature, and primary elements of General Comment 13 (GC13): The child's right to freedom from all forms of violence. GC13 embodies and champions a child rights approach to child protection entailing strong support for proactive primary prevention, promotion of good child care, and a commitment to secure the rights and well-being of all children. A child rights-based, comprehensive coordinating framework is recommended for the implementation of GC13.     

Trajectories of maternal verbal aggression across the middle school years: associations with negative view of self and social problems

Objective

The primary research objective was to explore the relationship between trajectories of maternal verbal aggression (VA) experienced by low-income, community middle school students across a three-year period and outcomes that have been found to be related to VA in previous work, including a negative view of self and social problems.

Method

Longitudinal data were collected from 421 youth (51.8% male) attending two middle schools over 3 years using a multiple-informant survey design. K-means cluster analysis was used to identify trajectories of VA using youth ratings of the Conflict Tactics Scale: Parent-Child (Straus, Hamby, Finkelhor, Moore, & Runyan, 1998). Dependent variables were self-reported depression, self-esteem, delinquency, and peer victimization as well as peer-rated aggression and sensitive-isolated reputation.

Results

Four trajectory groups of VA were identified: Low Stable, Increasing, Decreasing, and High Stable. The 3-year average occurrence of VA was: 1.31, 9.18, 10.24, and 31.14 instances, respectively. Gender-specific MANOVAs revealed dramatic differences between the High Stable and Low Stable groups. High Stable boys reported significantly more depressive symptoms, delinquency, peer overt and relational victimization, and were less likely to have a sensitive/isolated reputation than Low Stable boys. High Stable girls reported significantly more depressive symptoms, low self-esteem, delinquency, peer overt and relational victimization and were rated by peers as having more aggressive/disruptive and relationally aggressive reputations than Low Stable girls. Girls in the High Stable group were more likely than other youth to report levels of depressive symptoms and delinquency >1 SD above the mean, while boys in the High Stable group were more likely to report levels of delinquency >1 SD above the mean. The Increasing and Decreasing groups also demonstrated significantly poorer functioning than the Low Stable group on most outcomes. Growth curve analysis revealed that VA showed a contemporaneous association with self-reported delinquency suggesting these factors are closely related.

Conclusions

Any level of VA greater than the 1–2 instances per year reported by youth in the Low Stable group was associated with less favorable outcomes.     

Differential effects of psychological maltreatment on children of mothers exposed to intimate partner violence

Objective

Psychological maltreatment (PM) is the most prevalent form of child abuse, and is the core component of most of what is considered as child maltreatment. The aim of this work was to explore differential adverse outcomes of the different types of PM in the mental health and functioning of children living in homes in which they are exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV).

Method

Participants were 168 children, aged between 4 and 17, whose mothers experienced IPV. They were assessed using different measures of psychopathology and functioning: Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-IV, Child Behavior Checklists and Child and Adolescent Functioning Assessment Scale. Furthermore, IPV was assessed with the Schedule for Assessment of Intimate Partner Violence Exposure in Children and the Index of Spouse Abuse. Statistical analyses were carried out with regression models adjusted by means of Generalized Estimating Equations.

Results

Spurning was the PM subtype with the greatest global effect on the children, as it was significantly associated with internalizing and externalizing problems. Denying emotional responsiveness specifically increased the risk of internalizing psychopathology and impairment in the emotional area. Terrorizing was not significantly associated with a greater number of negative outcomes in children's psychopathology or functioning in this population.

Implications

The results suggest the importance of taking PM types into account in order to fully understand the problems of children exposed to IPV at home, and for the design of effective treatment and prevention programs.