论希腊罗马神话对英语词汇的影响

希腊罗马神话作为西方文化的源头之一,对西方文化产生了极其重要的影响。语言是文化的载体,也是文化的一部分。许多英语词汇源于希腊罗马神话,如果对希腊罗马神话一无所知,就很难理解这些词汇的深层含义,更谈不上掌握和运用这些词汇。通过简述希腊罗马神话的重要性和详细分析一些源于希腊罗马神话的词语及典故,主要讨论希腊罗马神话对英语词...     

论法律的理性与现代法律体系的品格——以自然法、罗马法形式理性的变迁为考察对象

现代哲学复兴了古代自然法的本体论即人的理性,而颠覆了古典自然法的二元方法论,并通过技术理性使得自然法实证化,从而产生了现代法律体系的灵魂即成文宪法.在理性至上的观念下,技术理性改造了罗马法中的形式理性,铸造了现代法律体系的形式品格;系统化的各法律部门、法律体系的观念存在、各法律部门体系化的制度机制.     

新规则下大级别古典跤运动员在国际比赛中技战术特点的研究

摘要：为了了解国外优秀古典式摔跤运动员在2013年新规则实施后的技战术特点,为中国摔跤队备战2016年里约奥运会的训练提供科学依据,本文通过查阅文献、专家访谈和使用自主研发的摔跤视频技战术统计分析软件对2013年摔跤比赛新规则实施后的我国古典式摔跤大级别（98公斤级和130公斤级）主要对手的比赛视频进行了研究。结论：1）新规则下98kg和130kg两个级别主要得分技术均为滚桥摔技术和转移摔技术;在其他大分值技术中像过胸摔技术、过背摔技术和抱折摔技术两个级别之间也没有明显的差异。2）新规则下站立摔技术的得分远高于跪撑摔技术。虽然站立摔得分高于跪撑摔,但是在单项动作技术得分中,跪撑摔技术中的滚桥摔是得分最高的技术。建议：1）因为古典跤采用新规则后站立摔技术得分远高于跪撑摔技术得分,所以这两个级别的运动员在日常训练中要加强对站立摔技术的训练和使用,并选择大分值动作作为自己的绝招加以练习。2）虽然在新规则中取消了30s的强制跪撑,但是增加消极判罚后,反而增加了滚桥技术的得分和使用次数,所以要加强对滚桥防守的训练。     

The history of the unspeakable: Shimokawa Masaharu’s The forgotten history of evacuation

ABSTRACT

Histories of wartime Japan often focus on the Japanese home islands after Japan’s surrender to Allied forces on 15 August 1945. Japanese citizens living in Korea, Manchuria, and elsewhere in the far-flung Japanese Empire are usually left out of the historiographical record. In a new book about the evacuees—hikiagesha—from the defunct Empire, Shimokawa Masaharu presents a vivid, harrowing portrait of the suffering of those who had to make their way back to Japan after the end of the Greater East Asia War. In particular, Shimokawa focuses on Izumi Sei’ichi, who established a sanatorium and abortuary in Fukuoka for women who had been raped by enemy soldiers.     

Knots in the Fourth Dimension

ABSTRACT

The article analyses a debate that preoccupied the Russian press in the winter of 1878/9. Writers, journalists and scientists discussed whether mathematics could explain spiritualist séance phenomena. At its core, this was an assessment of social change and a debate about the ambiguity of modern life. While spiritualists hoped to bridge the divide between science and religion, subjectivity and objectivity, their opponents feared that séance phenomena and modern mathematics undermined a rationalist world-view that was endowed with reliability and universal truth. That no agreement could be reached indicates that the post-reform public sphere had become truly pluralist and modern.     

Pore structure of historic and repair Roman cement mortars to establish their compatibility

Mercury porosimetry was applied to the study of pore structure of the historic Roman cement mortars representative of different locations in Europe and time periods as well as different application techniques from architectural castings to in situ formed renders and profiles. Three categories of pores were found to coexist in the mortars. The finest pores, with diameters below 0.1 μm, are present within the hardened aged Roman cement matrix. The larger ‘air’ pores, with diameters between 0.2–2 μm, are due to the evaporation of the excess unbound water and restricted hydration. Pores larger than 2 μm are rare and, in general, can be related to microcracking induced by shrinkage drying and mortar weathering. The mortars have rarely been found to develop a dense fine-porous microstructure characteristic of the ideal conditions of moist-curing; massive architectural castings being the only exception identified. The presence of larger ‘air’ pores was, in turn, almost universally observed. The investigations of the freshly prepared Roman cement mortars have revealed that the restricted hydration could be due to the exposure of the freshly laid surface to dry real-world external environments, a high water-to-cement ratio in the original mortars, or the drawing of water from the stucco mass due to insufficient pre-wetting of the porous masonry. The insufficient reactivity of historic cements, resulting from a high content of over-burned, non-reactive cement components or coarseness of the cement grains, could be another reason for yielding poorly hydrated mortars in the past. In general, Roman cement stuccoes are in an excellent state of preservation in spite of their usual exposure to polluted urban environments for more than a century. Therefore, the coexistence of Roman cement mortars of widely different pore structures has not brought about any problems of incompatibility which field observations could reveal. The Roman cement repair materials have been found to develop pore structures similar to those of historic mortars. Therefore, they are in broad terms compatible with historic masonry or stuccoes. However, the porosity and strength of the repair materials can be controlled by a careful manipulation of the water-to-cement ratio of the mix to adapt them better to the properties of the host material.     

Spectroscopic methods for the analysis of celadonite and glauconite in Roman green wall paintings

One set of samples from wall paintings of the X^th Regio of Italy containing green colours was analysed exploiting different spectroscopic techniques, aiming to identify the pigments used. The possibility to distinguish between glauconite and celadonite, the most common green pigments used in such paintings, was of particular interest. Samples of celadonite from Monte Baldo and glauconite from Belgium were considered as standard materials for comparison. The results obtained using FTIR, EDS, AAS, Colorimetry, Raman and EPR spectroscopies were compared for the identification of the green pigments.     

历史与现实的牢笼——《农民帝国》主人公郭存先的命运分析

郭存先是蒋子龙长篇小说《农民帝国》的主人公,他有非凡的胆识与才干,于二十世纪七十年代末开始领导破败的郭家店搞改革,短短的几年时间便将郭家店变成了一个巨大的经济王国,然而他却在事业的巅峰堕落了。这样一个具有"卡理斯玛"品格的人物终于没能走出历史的局限,成为他所历经的"经验世界"的牺牲品。郭存先就这样成为"新时期"以来的小说创作塑造的一个非同寻常的农民形象。     

古罗马竞技文化特性研究

在对古罗马竞技文化的类型及发展概况探讨的基础上,探究了古罗马竞技文化特性,指出其具有继承性、政治性、等级性、血腥性、娱乐性、军事性等特性,为丰富和发展古罗马竞技文化的内涵提供参考。     

残酷屠戮还是高尚娱乐——古罗马角斗运动兴起的原因探析简

人类具有先天的暴力基因,但各民族个性不同,暴力基因的显现就存在程度差异。古罗马人以残酷的角斗长期延续而著名,除却暴力基因因素外,宗教祭祀、好斗性格、享乐至上、自然法精神、合法暴力思维等民族个性是角斗兴起流行的重要因素。