Exploring the relationships among mirror neurons, theory of mind, and achievement goals: Towards a model of achievement goal contagion in educational settings

This article aimed to examine the relationship between mirror neuron and theory of mind functions and to explore their possible roles in the emergence of an achievement goal contagion in educational settings such as classrooms. Based on the evidence from different lines of research such as neurobiology, neuropsychology, social psychology, and educational psychology, a multilevel model of achievement goal contagion was suggested in order to clarify the role of the goal contagion effect in achievement-related settings such as classrooms. In the model, it was assumed that the well-known effects of perceived classroom goal structures on students’ achievement goals were mediated by students’ theory of mind and mirroring abilities while the interaction between them was examined. Finally, it was concluded that the hypothesized model of achievement goal contagion may provide a solid neurobiological and psychological basis for the effects of perceived classroom goal structures on students’ achievement goals. Educational implications and directions for future research were also discussed.     

The Egyptian protest movement in the twittersphere: An investigation of dual sentiment pathways of communication

During the course of the Egyptian civil movement in 2011, excessive suppression of the protesters caused a great deal of humanitarian concerns across the world. Egyptian protesters were supported not only in the Arabic-speaking world, but also throughout the English speaking world. The Twittersphere¹ became a valuable arena for individuals to communicate amongst each other regarding important social movement issues. This paper is a study of the communication on Twitterverse consisting of both English and Arabic tweets and the sentiments expressed therein during the Egyptian protest movement. We focus on the research questions: what sentiments of Tweeters relate to signals of protest communication?, and how do protest related tweets in two languages in the Twitter sphere, that are a proxy of two different and important cultural groups, compare with each other? In order to understand the protest communications in Twittersphere, we examine a dual pathways model that relates to emotional and goal related sentiments. We apply this model to examine the online protest in Egypt. Our findings reveal the emotions and goal related sentiments that are fundamental for intention to protest across the two languages. We find that anger, fear, pride and hope were the prime sentiments regarding intention to or support of protest, regardless of language.     

Ours to reason why

Abstract

This is a story of what happened on the Aiguille du Grepon. It is based on fact and designed to reveal both the appearance and reality of motivation in climbing, a combination that is often difficult to express in a traditional academic style. The story differentiates motivation along two dimensions, a goal dimension with intrinsic and extrinsic rewards at opposite ends and a relational dimension with exclusive and inclusive rewards at opposite ends. These polar opposites are integrated in the experience of outdoor adventure through the story. They are further reflected in the attitudes of a previous generation of climbers. It is suggested that these motivations define the games of outdoor adventure in general, and that we should be self-conscious of them both in education and in play.     

对第17届、第18届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段进球特征的分析与研究

本文通过录像观察、文献资料法、数理统计等方法,对第17届、第18届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段各64场比赛进球的特征进行比较分析。从中揭示两届世界杯足球赛进球的一般规律、特点以及差异,为今后的足球比赛、训练提供理论参考依据。     

探讨体育课程目标与教学内容、方法之关系

课程的目标是教学的依据 ,因此要确切反映体育课程性质的目标体系 ,建立体质测量与评价反馈系统 ,然后依据目标进行知识教学与实践、运动教学、身体锻炼与品德等教学 ,这样才能提高教学效果。     

大学生特质焦虑的影响因素研究

本研究旨在探讨个体特质焦虑的影响因素。对330名大学生采用《运动中任务定向和自我定向问卷》、状态一特质焦虑问卷（STAl)以及身体自我描述问卷进行调查。结果表明特质焦虑与目标定向以及身体自我各因子之间呈负相关，自我定向、任务定向与身体自我各因子之间呈正相关。不同性别、系别之间在某些因子上有差异。     

对2005年中国足球超级联赛与第十二届欧锦赛射门进球的比较分析

通过对2004年欧洲锦标赛决赛阶段的全部77个进球和2005年中国足球超级联赛的的全部466个进球的对比统计，分析了中超联赛在这个关键环节上的现状及差距。结果显示，与欧锦赛相比，把握射门机会的能力不足，无论是射门手段的多样化、均衡性，还是进球效率，都显示出明显的差距。定位球技、战术能力急需提高。     

简议“电大人才培养模式改革和开放教育试点”评估工作的实施办法

该文就怎样落实教育部关于“中央电大人才培养模式改革与开放教育试点项目”试点工作的意义、目标、思路及存在问题阐述了自己的意见。对如何建立远程开放教育基层教学点有一定的参考价值。     

Influences of family based prerequisites,reading attitude,and self-regulation on reading ability

This study investigated the effect of self-regulated learning, as indicated by academic self-concept, motivation and learning strategies, reading attitude and family based prerequisites on reading ability. Students (n = 4018) in the eighth grade answered the IEA reading literacy test, the self-regulated learning questionnaire and a student questionnaire about their background. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed that the self-regulated learning questionnaire did not measure the intended three dimensions, but only two: Verbal/General academic self-concept and a new dimension called Goal oriented strategies. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with a cross-validation sample was conducted to determine the effects in the final model. The strongest effect on reading ability was from Verbal/General academic self-concept (β = .43 for final and β = .56 for cross-validation model). Gender differences revealed that girls read better on narrative and expository texts, had a more positive reading attitude, and more positive verbal self-concept, whereas boys had a higher academic self-concept (not domain-specific), self-efficacy, control expectation, reported more memorising, elaboration, and instrumental motivation (all differences p < .001).     

Plans are nothing, changing plans is everything: the impact of changes on project success

Based on a sample of 448 projects, the interactions between three project planning variables, the quality of planning, goal changes, plan-changes and project success are analyzed. The most important results of this study are the interactions between the planning variables and their influences on project success. By using structural equation modeling, we gained insight into these complex indirect relationships. The results clearly show that the positive total effect of the quality of planning is almost completely overridden by the negative effect of goal changes. If we add the total effects of goal changes and plan-changes on project success, their combined effect is considerably stronger than that of the quality of planning. The study also identifies several contextual variables affecting the planning process.