刑事诉讼中证人出庭作证的困惑与思考

刑事诉讼证人不出庭作证已成为困扰司法的一大因素,证人在审前所做的陈述在法庭上被大量使用,使得控辩式诉讼流于形式。刑事证人出庭率低,除了司法人员的执法水平和证人的观念因素外,最主要的还是法律制度本身不健全,立法上义务与制裁失衡,缺乏对出庭证人的权益保障措施。应当通过提高公民对作证义务的认识,完善对证人的经济补偿和人身保护制度,确立证人特权和豁免规则等来改变刑事证人出庭难的状况。     

从2007年瑞士女排精英赛技术统计看新一届中国女排

通过文献资料法、观察法、数理统计法对参加2007年瑞士女排精英赛的中国队及其他各队的技术统计分析研究发现：老将状态稳定,新队员表现突出;“双塔”虽然取得一定的效果,但是应该寻找更多的突破口;新二传魏秋月传球点较多,组织进攻较为流畅。     

The Impact of Internet Information Resources on Research Strategies

ABSTRACT

In 1996 a team of researchers at the Alcohol Research Group (ARG) in Berkeley and the Addiction Research Foundation (ARF) in Toronto began a three year study of U.S. federal alcohol control policy. This paper draws on anecdotal evidence from the Policy Project to make a case study of the impact of Internet information resources on the development and adaptation of research strategies. We consider how Internet access affects utilization of information services within an organization; prospects and pitfalls in adapting research strategies to Internet resource availability; critical Internet resources for substance abuse policy analysis; and measures of utilization and effectiveness applicable to assessing the impact of Internet resources.     

中、小学篮球器材和场地规格国家标准的研究

采用逻辑分析、测量、实验与问巷调查法，对初中、小学篮球器材和场地规格的国家标准进行研究。结果认为，初中采用篮圈高度为270cm，篮球周长为69．5～72．5cm、重量为490～560g，篮球场地长24m、宽13m，小学1～3年级篮圈高度为205cm，篮球周长为57～59．5cm、重量为330～379g，篮球场地长16m、宽9m；4～6年级篮圈高度为235cm，篮球周长为64．5～67cm、重量为420～480g，篮球场地长20m、宽11m较为适宜。     

2011年瑞士女排精英赛中日两队对比研究

自2011年世界女排大奖赛获得第5名起,日本女排显现出强势崛起之势,而中国女排则每况愈下,多次比赛战绩不佳,亚洲霸主地位不复存在。通过对2队比较,探索日本女排逐渐上升的原因和中国女排战绩不佳的根本。通过运用录像统计法、数据对比分析法对2011年瑞士女排精英赛冠军日本队与第3名中国队进行比较,结果表明：日本队在发球、接发球、扣球方面都优于中国队,进攻节奏上明显快于中国队。     

Skiing accidents in the past 15 years

For the last 15 years a statistical analysis of distances skied and of alpine skiing accidents has been performed in the Davos‐Klosters skiing area, a ‘closed’ skiing area, where every skier has to return from the top to the bottom station. Distance skied is measured by vertical drop in 10⁶ km determined by calculations from frequency surveys by lift‐operators. About 2.5 million km per season have been skied during the past years, a number remaining constant for the last 15 years. In the same time the requirement for rescue‐transports in this area has shown a decline of 46% to 288 transports per season due to a decrease of the number of injuries with initial immobilization. Therefore the so‐called transport‐quotient (one rescue‐transport per 10⁴ km of vertical drop skied) has decreased from its initial value of 4 to 1 per 10⁴ km. During the same time all winter sport injuries were analysed at the hospital of Davos. About 90% are injuries caused by alpine skiing resulting in a total of 17 246 alpine skiing injuries for the last 15 years. There is a great decline in the incidence of lower leg fractures with a contrary development of knee injuries. Today half of the lower leg injuries are knee injuries (280 knee injuries out of a total of 1250 alpine skiing accidents per season). There is a gradual increase of upper extremity injuries from 17% of all skiing injuries in 1972 to 35% in 1976. A Swiss multicentre study on skiing safety shows comparable injury patterns in other skiing areas. The average injury‐severity measured by several parameters is declining.

In a technical investigation of skiing equipment of 1072 persons who sustained an accident, only 32% had ski bindings with tolerable frontal release and 17% with tolerable torsional release. Parallel measurements of bindings of 600 non‐injured skiers gave the same alarming results. More research on the correlation between binding adjustment and knee injuries is needed.     

对排球教练员赛中场外指导的分析研究

排球新规则允许教练员比赛中站在本方场外对场上运动员进行指导，这是继暂停、技术暂停、换人、局间进行指导以外的又一新的指导方式，它给教练员临场指挥带来不同程度的影响，同时也对教练员提出了更高的要求。分析、研究排球赛中场外指导运用的时机和方法，以提高教练员对赛中场外指导的认识及临场指挥能力和水平，更好地适应和利用新的规则。     

中国足球队传中球技术运用质量之研究

对中国足球队在第12届亚洲杯6场比赛中传中球技术的运用及得失球情况的观察分析，结果表明传中球的高度、深度、时机、弧线与最佳射门机会的形成密切相关，为在训练与比赛中提高传中球技术运用质量，提供了理论和实践上的参考依据。     

Physical profiles of elite,sub-elite,regional and age-group netballers

Physical profile data from elite, sub-elite, regional, under 21s (U21), under 19s (U19) and under 17s (U17) (n = 845) players from a state netball association in Australia were analysed. Within season changes were examined for the elite and sub-elite players. Longitudinal changes were examined for the elite across four consecutive netball seasons.

Elite were significantly older (24.3 ± 3.4years), taller (182.4 ± 7.2cm) and heavier (73.42 ± 6.95kg) than other playing levels (p < 0.001, ES 0.49–3.26) and had higher vertical jump (VJ) data compared to all groups (p < 0.001, ES 0.47–0.93). U17’s were significantly faster than elite, sub-elite and U19 players over 5m (p < 0.05, ES 0.36–0.58) while elite were faster over 20m compared to all groups (p < 0.01, ES 0.45–0.72). Elite achieved a greater distance (1350.8m; p < 0.05, ES 0.32–0.50) in the Yo-YoIRT1 compared to the sub-elite, regional, U19 and U17. VJ height significantly increased from the 2014 (51.6 ± 4.8cm) to the 2017 season (59.6 ± 6.3cm) for the elite players (p < 0.01, ES 1.18). Yo-YoIRT1 test scores increased significantly between the pre-season and in-season phases (p < 0.05, ES 0.17).     

运动竞赛的主场效应研究进展

采用文献资料法,对国外已有的有关主场效应的研究成果进行了综述分析,阐述了观众、环境、裁判、运动员的心理状态、旅行、行为等因素与主场效应之间的关系,并指出未来研究需关注的问题。