美国对加拿大联邦议会制度的影响

加拿大联邦议会制在1867年建立时，实行的是在联邦制形式下尽可能强大集中的联合，原设想应能以此避免美国联邦制的偏失。在美国，各州拥有立法权；在加拿大，立法权由联邦议会掌握，省的责任与职能相对较小。然而，正如美国政治演变所显示，联邦制的联合是一种分裂的议会形式；因而，加拿大自治领自建立后已开始分裂。     

从美国大学科研经费的间接成本管理看政府与大学的关系

联邦资助的科学研究是今日美国研究型大学的突出特点。一般而言,联邦政府支付科研活动的全部费用,包括大学因承担科研项目而发生的间接成本。起源于二战时期政府资助大学的科研合同,间接成本制度自20世纪50年代以来逐渐发展完善,成为美国联邦政府资助大学科研活动的政策工具。透过间接成本制度可以揭示政府-大学关系在过去60年中的巨大变迁。     

经管专业经济法教学中进行模拟法庭实践教学的探索

模拟法庭教学法是法学教学中经常采用的一种实践教学方式,在高校经济管理类本科专业《经济法》课程教学中具有十分重要的意义。针对模拟法庭实践教学在高校经济管理类法律教学中存在的问题与不足,必须对模拟法庭教学进行改革,建立一套更为适合的制度和操作规程,从而培养和增强学生的法律素养。     

论约阿希姆·布姆克著作中宫廷文化背后的史学含义

在德国作家约阿希姆·布姆克充满着神秘感的骑士时代的史学著作《宫廷文化——中世纪盛期的文学与社会》中,宫廷文化以及宫廷——骑士爱情所折射出的史学含义其实是一种追求完美与高尚品德的社会理想;通过作品,也可以看到文学叙述背后的历史真相。     

基于交际适应理论的法官调解话语说服性研究

在法院调解过程中,法官能否通过有效的话语说服当事人改变态度、达成协议将直接影响调解的效果。基于Giles等人提出的交际适应理论,提出法官可通过近似策略、可理解策略、语篇管理策略与人际控制策略传递说服意图,促进信息顺畅、有效交换,增强调解话语的说服性。语料分析表明,调解中多种交际适应策略通常综合使用、相互影响,其效果受动态变化的说服语境影响,过度适应或适应不足都将影响其话语的说服性,影响说服目标的实现。     

试论美国的教育法

美国丰富完善的教育法建立起了强大而高效的教育体系,为美国的强盛奠定了基石。"二战"以后,美国联邦政府以更为积极的姿态介入教育的管理,一批成文的教育基本法律包括《国防教育法》、《初等与中等教育法》和《高等教育法》等相继出台实施。同时,诸多教育特别法补充与充实了美国教育体制。美国成熟的教育法可以为中国提供借鉴,包括教育立法的更加重视,多元教育体制的培养,教育公平在更大范围内的实现等。     

How does family drug treatment court participation affect child welfare outcomes?

Parental substance use is a risk factor for child maltreatment. Family drug treatment courts (FDTCs) have emerged in the United States as a policy option to treat the underlying condition and promote family preservation. This study examines the effectiveness of FDTCs in North Carolina on child welfare outcomes. Data come from North Carolina records from child protection services, court system, and birth records. Three types of parental participation in a FDTC are considered: referral, enrolling, and completing an FDTC. The sample includes 566 children who were placed into foster care and whose parents participated in a FDTC program. Findings indicate that children of parents who were referred but did not enroll or who enrolled but did not complete had longer stays in foster care than children of completers. Reunification rates for children of completers were also higher. Outcomes for children in the referred and enrolled groups did not differ in the multivariate analyses. While effective substance use treatment services for parents may help preserve families, future research should examine factors for improving participation and completion rates as well as factors involved in scaling programs so that more families are served.     

思州傩戏面具的物化特征及文化考证——以宫廷傩戏《喜傩神》面具为例

岑巩境内流传的古思州傩戏以宫廷傩和民间傩为主,而宫廷傩是中国古代四大傩戏之一,目前仅在湘黔交界处存留,国内其它地方尚未发现。而以宫廷傩戏剧目《喜傩神》为代表的傩面具制作工艺则代代秘传,工艺精湛,具有很高的文化学价值。     

The Impact of Internet Information Resources on Research Strategies

ABSTRACT

In 1996 a team of researchers at the Alcohol Research Group (ARG) in Berkeley and the Addiction Research Foundation (ARF) in Toronto began a three year study of U.S. federal alcohol control policy. This paper draws on anecdotal evidence from the Policy Project to make a case study of the impact of Internet information resources on the development and adaptation of research strategies. We consider how Internet access affects utilization of information services within an organization; prospects and pitfalls in adapting research strategies to Internet resource availability; critical Internet resources for substance abuse policy analysis; and measures of utilization and effectiveness applicable to assessing the impact of Internet resources.     

U.S. Federal Indian Policy: An Essay and Annotated Bibliography

Federal Indian policy in the United States historically reflects both the hard-headed pragmatism of the nation and its quixotic romanticism. Researchers can identify roughly drawn policy epochs and policy motivations, but there were no clean slates as policy shifted. The legal history of a tribe reflects the accumulated—and often contradictory—impact of changing federal policy. Complexity was added to the government's approach by the application of single-minded policies to the exceedingly diverse native groups within the nation's borders. An understanding of evolving federal policy offers useful insights and a basis for creative legal theories.