优秀竞走运动员江姗姗冬训训练负荷研究

冬训是全年训练周期中唯一不受竞赛期影响,可长时间进行系统训练的准备期,对于提高运动员竞技能力和运动成绩尤为重要。以优秀女子竞走运动员江姗姗为研究个案,运用实地调查法、数理统计法对江姗姗2020年冬训期训练情况进行梳理和总结,探析其冬训期训练负荷和生理指标变化的特点和规律,旨在为竞走项目冬训期科学化训练提供有益参考。     

湖南师大体育学院学生篮球裁判现状与培养模式分析

体育竞赛活动的顺利开展需要懂得竞赛规则和具有裁判能力的组织者。湖南师范大学体育学院作为湖南省各类体育人才培养的摇篮,多年来为社会输送了大量合格的体育裁判员,其中数量最多,社会需求量最大的是篮球裁判员。本文基于实地调查,对存在的问题进行了总结与改进,旨在为推进湖南省篮球裁判队伍业务素质整体的提高与建设提出合理化建议。     

探讨游泳教学训练中的核心力量训练

随着竞技体育水平的不断提高,各个游泳训练队逐渐加大对核心力量训练的重视。核心力量在这个游泳运动中,尤其是在水域不稳定的情况下,重要性不言而喻。核心力量训练需配合相应游泳项目才会达到较好的效果,使运动员在水中更好地提高自己成绩。教练更加起到不可忽视的作用,根据不同个体支队差异化训练以更好地提高运动员的成绩。下面本文主要针对游泳教学训练中的核心力量训练进行讨论。     

应用型人才培养模式下的“开放式”体育教学改革与研究——以莆田学院为例

本文采用文献资料、个案研究等方法,对莆田学院应用型人才培养模式下的“开放式”体育教学改革进行调查研究,旨在剖析其改革的具体方法,并提出以下建议:(1)宏观方面,建议政府出台支持政策,积极引导校企合作,建议企业依据自身需要,将相关需求的市场信息反馈给学校,实现地方社会事业、学校和企业的“三方”共赢。(2)微观方面,学校积极提升自身的“软”与“硬”实力,结合市场需求,充分利用校企合作的市场机遇,调整人才培养模式,充分运用现代信息技术,实现体育教学理念、教学内容要和方法、教学时间和空间、教学评价体系上的开放,培养满足市场需求的专业技术人才。     

技巧啦啦操运动员核心力量训练内容及其方法的研究

技巧啦啦操在国内快速的普及,大大小小的比赛也越来越多,从幼儿园到大学各种各样的技巧啦啦操队伍也应运而生,参与比赛的人说也是逐年增加,但运动员的技巧水平还有待提高,身体素质也有待加强。鉴于这些薄弱方面,本文主要运用文献资料法、访谈法、逻辑分析法等对技巧啦啦操运动员的核心力量训练内容及其方法进行研究,旨从理论中指导实践,从实践中总结经验,推动我国的技巧啦啦操水平向世界先进水平迈进,从而走得更远。     

循环抗阻训练对女大学生肌力及有氧耐力影响研究*

目的：探讨循环抗阻训练对非体育专业女大学生等动肌力以及有氧工作能力的影响。方法：以在校非体育专项23名女大学生为研究对象,随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组进行8周循环抗阻训练,对照组不训练。训练前后,利用IsoMed2000等动肌力测试系统测试肩关节、腰腹、膝关节等部位等速肌力;利用CORTEX MetaMax-3B运动心肺功能测试仪测试最大摄氧量的变化。结果：1.通过8周循环抗阻训练,女大学生左右膝关节屈伸肌群等动肌力均显著高于训练前,腰腹伸肌群等动肌力极显著高于训练前,左右肩关节屈肌群等动肌力极显著高于训练前,右肩关节伸肌群等动肌力极显著高于训练前;2.通过8周循环抗阻训练,女大学生最大摄氧量绝对值、相对值以及最大摄氧量出现时间均极显著高于训练前。结论：通过8周循环抗阻训练,能提升女大学生有氧耐力,增加女大学生膝关节屈伸肌群、躯干伸肌群、左右肩关节屈肌群峰以及右肩关节伸肌群的力量。但躯干屈肌群和左肩关节伸肌群作用不明显,今后应用该套循环抗阻训练方案,应增加躯干伸肌群和左肩关节伸肌群锻炼动作。     

乒乓球运动员的时间知觉

根据实践观察,从心理学角度论述了乒乓球运动员时间知觉的特点,提出了提高时间知觉水平的具体方法。     

Systems model and individual simulations of training strategies in elite short-track speed skaters

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of simulated training strategies on performance potential in elite short-track speed skaters. Training load and field-based criterion performances from fifteen athletes (10 males, 5 females) were collected over a 3-month training period and the relationship between training loads and performance was computed with a variable dose-response model using a genetic algorithm. Individual simulations of tapers preceded or not preceded by an overload training (OT) were assessed. We obtained a significant correlation between actual and modelled performances (R² = 0.76 ± 0.07). Regarding model parameters, no significant difference was found between males and females but the time to recover performance tended to be lower in females. Simulations in which the taper parameters were free highlighted that an exponential or a step taper were the most effective for increasing performance compared to a linear taper (p < 0.05). Optimal exponential taper duration after OT was 10.7 ± 2.4d and the optimal load reduction was 75.9 ± 3.7%. OT intensity had the greatest influence on the predicted performance, followed by OT duration, taper decay, and to a lesser extent load reduction during taper and taper duration. Thus, a variable dose-response systems model allows the evaluation of different taper strategies and their potential effect on performance changes.     

Quiet eye training aids the long-term learning of throwing and catching in children: Preliminary evidence for a predictive control strategy

Abstract

Quiet eye training (QET) may be a more effective method for teaching children to catch than traditional training (TT) methods, but it is unclear if the benefits accrued persist in the long term. Thirty children were randomly allocated into a QET or TT group and, while wearing a mobile eye tracker, underwent baseline testing, training and two retention tests over a period of eight weeks, using a validated throw and catch task. During training, movement-related information was provided to both groups, while the QET group received additional instruction to increase the duration of their targeting fixation (QE1) on the wall prior to the throw, and pursuit tracking (QE2) period on the ball prior to catching. In both immediate (R1) and delayed (R2, six weeks later) retention tests, the QET group had a significantly longer QE1 duration and an earlier and longer QE2 duration, compared to the TT group, who revealed no improvements. A performance advantage was also found for the QET compared to the TT group at both R1 and R2, revealing the relatively robust nature of the visuomotor alterations. Regression analyses suggested that only the duration of QE1 predicted variance in catch success post-training, pointing to the importance of a pre-programming visuomotor strategy for successful throw and catch performance.     

广东省竞技南拳训练手段的形成与发展*

广东省南拳是我国武术套路竞赛发展中的一枝独秀,其技术特点和技术创新始终引领着竞技南拳项目的发展.以文献资料法、访谈法、观察法为主要研究方法,对广东省竞技南拳不同阶段的训练手段进行梳理并加以分析,为培养南拳项目后备人才,提高训练质量做基础研究.