20世纪日本女性文学:女性的觉醒与解放

19世纪末20世纪初,在西方人的解放、个性解放思想潮流影响推动下,日本女性开始走上历史舞台,用她们手中的笔唱出女性的悲欢喜乐。木通口一叶、与谢野晶子等女作家表现女性作为人的意识的觉醒,追求恋爱与婚姻的自由;20世纪20年代宫本百合子等女作家大胆表现女性追求性爱、婚姻自由、工作自由、离婚自由等;20世纪的80、90年代,日本女性对婚姻、家庭和生育的观念发生了变化,她们的作品中大量涉及了生育之性与"家族制的崩溃"、"家庭制的解体"等文学主题。她们对生育之"性"充满厌恶,即对"母性"充满反感,对家庭制的解体表现出无奈,同时她们又在构建新的"家庭"。     

家族企业成长与控制权转移的相关性分析

“控制”与“成长”是家族企业发展过程面临的两难抉择，本文以家族直接控股上市公司为研究对象，运用企业成长的三维度模型，从资本规模、市场盈利能力和组织结构三个方面分析控制权转移与家族企业成长关系，证明控制权转移与家族企业成长之间存在正相关关系。家族企业应通过部分控制权的转移，不断地吸纳和有效地整合资源，打破阻碍家族企业发展的“资金”和“管理”瓶颈，促进家族企业的成长。     

拉祜族家庭亲属和系亲规矩文化初探

从民族人类学的视角。对拉祜族源远流长的家庭功能、家庭亲属和系亲关系及其特点进行介绍,并对拉祜族家庭的优秀传统等文化价值进行一些探索。     

守法少年与犯罪少年家庭功能比较研究

本文通过调查法比较了守法少年与犯罪少年的家庭功能状况,结果表明:两者在家庭功能的沟通交往、角色分工、行为控制、问题解决和情感介入等方面差异极其显著,犯罪少年家庭功能发挥明显不良。据此提出了相应的教育对策。     

Work–family relations among mothers of children with learning disorders

The study examined conflict and facilitation in work–family relations among working mothers of children with learning disorders (LD) or with typical development. The study also focused on three maternal personal resources (maternal anxious/avoidant attachment security, affect and sense of coherence) as antecedents of these work–family relations, and examined outcomes of such conflict and facilitation between the two life domains, as they affected patterns of close relationships within the family (child attachment and family cohesion). The sample included 96 mother–child dyads: 48 mothers and their children with LD; and 48 mothers and their typically developing children. Children’s ages were 8–12 years. All attended public elementary schools in urban areas of central Israel. Significant group differences emerged on mothers’ family to work conflict and on mothers’ work to family facilitation. Findings indicated that several maternal personal resources were antecedents of these relations and also contributed to differences in mother–child attachment relationships and family cohesion. Discussion focused on understanding work–family relations among these mothers of children with LD, as well as the influence of maternal personal resources on patterns of close relationships (i.e., child attachment, family cohesion).     

Parents’ view of respite care services for families with children with disabilities in Sweden

ABSTRACT

In Sweden respite care is a legal right for families of children with disabilities. The Act Concerning Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments (LSS) was passed in 1994. A previous study on respite care illuminated the municipalities’ view of the service. This article focuses on the parents’ view. The study is based on questionnaire responses from 141 families and interviews with 25 families. The results show that there is a widespread perception by families that there is not enough support and that the need for respite care is not met. There is also a lack of information about the service. More flexible, family‐oriented approaches are needed.     

Discrepancies between school grades and test scores at individual and school level: effects of gender and family background

The purpose of the study was to use multivariate multilevel techniques to investigate whether it was possible to separate different dimensions in grades that relate to subject-matter achievement and to other factors. Data were derived from The Gothenburg Educational Longitudinal Database (GOLD), and the subjects were 99,070 ninth-grade students born in 1987. The analyses were based on subject grades and scores on national tests in Swedish, English, and mathematics. The results showed that, at both individual and school levels, the greatest part of the variance in grades was due to achievement in the different subject areas. At both levels, it was possible to identify a dimension that cut across the grades in all 3 subjects, which suggests that grading is influenced by factors other than achievement. One of the most interesting results concerns the relation between parental education and the common grade dimension at the school level.     

基于混合征收制的个人所得税家庭课税模式探求

在世界各国中,美国的个人所得税制被公认为是最为完善的。通过阐述美国个人所得税制的特点,结合十八届三中全会所提出的要逐步建立综合与分类相结合的个人所得税制的指导思想,进而探讨我国个人所得税制的改革方向与我国推行家庭课税制的必要性和紧迫性,提出在我国渐进推行家庭课税制的方案:以建立综合与分类相结合的混合征收制度为起点;增强纳税人依法纳税和自行申报纳税的意识;加快个人所得税的制度构建;进一步完善代扣代缴制度与自行申报制度,以促进家庭课税模式的早日推行。     

副、区兼类词的句法分布及功能发展

文章以实副词和区别词这两类前加词中的一百来个兼类词作为考察的对象，通过选取一些典型成员加以全面的功能描写和精确的用频统计。通过对副、区兼类前加词的典型分布和非典型分布、表义方式和变化状况的分析与比较，试图清晰地揭示其词类地位和发展趋势。     

家庭实验室项目开发实施的实践探索

盐城市第一小学针对当前学校科学教育拓展空间小、参与对象少等不足,开发、实施了以家庭为核心,科学实验为主要内容,合作探究为主要方式,学校、家庭、社会、网络＂四位一体＂的科学实验项目——家庭实验室项目。文章主要从家庭实验室项目的实施要素、指导策略和长效机制等方面阐述了实践过程及经验做法。