Predictors and outcomes of low-income fathers’ reading with their toddlers

Most studies of parent–child bookreading have focused on mothers reading to their children. Though the role of fathers in children's lives is widely emphasized, we know almost nothing about father–child bookreading, particularly among low-income families. The present study was designed to examine how often low-income fathers report reading to their children and what the predictors and effects of paternal bookreading are. The fathers in this study were participants in the national evaluation of Early Head Start (EHS) and were recruited via mothers enrolled in the EHS study. Participating fathers were interviewed at home and their children's cognitive and language development were assessed using standardized measures from ages 2 to 5. Results demonstrated a wide variety in frequency of bookreading among fathers. Fathers were more likely to read to their children frequently if they spoke English at home, if they had a high school education, and if their children had better language skills. Fathers’ bookreading predicted children's cognitive outcome. Paternal bookreading did predict children's language outcomes but only for children whose fathers had at least a high school education.     

体育教学中应用自主学习教学模式的实验研究

新课程标准要求学生从被动、依赖的学习方式向主动、自主的学习方式转变.自主学习教学模式就是适应这一需要,吸取近二三十年来心理学、教育学的研究成果而发展起来的.本文通过把自主学习教学模式应用于田径教学的实验研究,得出如下结论:实验组学生的技评成绩高于对照组;实验组学生的自主学习能力得到显著提高.     

高职高专学生创业能力探析

本文主要探讨高职高专学生创业能力的有关问题，着重论述了大学生创业能力提高的重要意义，以及大学生提高创业能力的实质内容，试图通过对这两个问题的讨论分析．进一步促使大学生重视创业能力的提高。     

从世界田径锦标赛看中国男子100 m的发展对策

当前中国男子100m项目竞赛水平和世界前列水平存在较大差距．研究分析了中国男子100m比赛最好成绩和世界田径锦标赛成绩的差异，以期寻求缩小差距迎头赶上的对策．     

Promoting Parents' Social Capital to Increase Children's Attendance in Head Start: Evidence From an Experimental Intervention

Improving children's attendance is a high priority for Head Start and other early childhood education programs serving low-income children. We conducted a randomized control trial in a major northern city to evaluate the impact of a low-cost intervention designed to promote parents' social capital as a potential influence on children's attendance in Head Start centers. The intervention assigned children to treatment group classrooms based on (a) neighborhood of residence (geography condition) or (b) the geography condition plus the opportunity for parents to form partnerships in support of their children's attendance, or to control group classrooms according to Head Start guidelines only. We did not find impacts on average attendance throughout the year. However, the intervention did lead to increased attendance during the winter when average center attendance was lowest. There were no impacts on fall or spring attendance. Follow-up exploratory analyses of focus groups with parents and staff suggested that parents' level of connection and trust, self-generated partnership strategies, and commitment to their children's education may be factors by which parents' social capital expands and children's attendance improves.     

Parents and professionals working together: turning the rhetoric into reality

Parental involvement and participation, partnership with parents, and community‐focused development are important features of government initiatives such as the Sure Start project for children under four years of age and their families. A common feature of the rhetoric is ‘empowerment’ as a means of achieving this. This article describes the activity and development of the Parents Committee in one Sure Start programme and uses this to tease out different dimensions of empowerment. In particular, it highlights issues regarding developing empowerment and the dynamic tension between the growth of personal power and the changing symmetry of power relationships. A tentative model of the trajectory of developing empowerment is presented. This may raise challenges for professionals seeking to fulfill their professional role in a complex context and questions as to whether, or how, it might be possible to better prepare professionals for this dimension of their work.     

哈尔滨体育学院田径专修班学生皮纹特征的研究

对哈尔滨体育学院2007级运动系田径专修班学生皮纹进行了采集与分析。结果发现：田径专修班学生的atd角较小;t距比较小;双箕斗明显多,弓型纹较少;大、小鱼际真实花纹明显少。对这些皮纹特征进行统计分析,旨在为运动员选材提供一定参考,从而也为教练员指导教学训练提供辅助作用,同时也促进皮纹学在体育选材中的应用。     

机车转向架生产的制造执行系统应用研究

目前很多企业都采用了ERP系统对企业生产进行信息化管理,但是在车间级业务管理方面,仍然存在着很多不足,很多生产过程没有进行信息化的完善和管理,需要引入制造执行系统（MES）弥补ERP系统在车间级生产管方面的不足。本文讨论了MES在客车转向架制造管理上的作用,并进行了架构设计,弥补了生产过程管理中ERP系统的不足。     

Understanding Head Start children's problem behaviors in the context of arrest or incarceration of household members

Using data from the nationally representative Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey (FACES), the relationships between living in a household where a household member had been arrested or incarcerated and conduct problems of preschool children enrolled in Head Start were examined. Children who lived in such households showed more aggressive, hyperactive, and withdrawn behaviors than children who lived in households with no such exposure. These associations remained statistically significant after controlling for other family background characteristics. Parental involvement in Head Start, less use of spanking, and more time spent by the child in Head Start were associated with less problem behaviors.     

世界羽毛球竞技优势转移的轨迹与动因探析

运用文献资料、专家调查法和数理统计法,回顾100年来国际羽坛的格局变化,探寻世界羽毛球竞技优势转移的轨迹,分析优势转移的动因,对于我国羽毛球运动的持续发展和竞争优势的保持有着重要的意义与价值。