生物柴油多组分体系溶解度研究

本文在25℃和60℃（酯交换反应温度）研究了大豆油和甲醇与醚的2个三元相图，以及对大豆油甲酯作为醇与柴油混合燃料的促溶剂情况作了研究．结果表明：醚加入油／甲醇二相反应中可变成均相反应，能提高甲酯转化速率，且甲酯是乙醇与柴油混合燃料很好的促溶剂．     

对过渡时期总路线的再认识

建国初期，毛泽东放弃发展新民主主义的计划，提出过渡时期总路线是有着多方面的主客观原因，但实践表明，在经济文化落后的中国过早地消灭私人资本主义经济是不利于社会主义建设的。毛泽东的这一“放弃”和“提出”，是与对资本主义的认识，对社会主要矛盾的判断出现偏差密切相关的。反思这段历史对今天社会主义现代化建设具有重要意义。     

测量布儒斯特角时折射波功率增大的研究

分析了测量布儒斯特角时出现折射波功率大于入射波功率的异常现象原因:在喇叭口面上折射波场的相位偏差小于入射波场的相位偏差,喇叭接收折射波的增益大于接收入射波增益。提出了改进方法。     

非晶丝材料磁阻抗特性测量系统研制

将幅频/相频分析专用集成电路芯片AD8302用于非晶丝磁阻抗特性的测量中,结合磁场自动扫描技术、计算机自动数据采集技术设计制作了磁阻抗特性测试系统,实现了非晶丝磁阻抗特性的自动化测量。该系统集样品信号驱动调理、数据采样、数据处理、参数计算等功能于一体,测试范围宽、精度高、用户界面友好。数据采集控制软件还能在计算机屏幕、打印机上绘出被测样品的磁阻抗特性曲线,并生成标准数据文件供ORIGIN等数据处理软件调用。对实际非晶丝样品进行了测试分析,效果良好。     

柴油机喷雾特性的电喷控制电路设计

介绍了一种柴油机电控喷油器喷射开启控制系统。为实现柴油机电控喷油器的开启、持续喷油、关闭功能,应用STC12系列单片机构成电控喷油器的控制系统。开启时为使喷油器开启迅速,应用单周期控制技术的IR1150S芯片,产生高压为112 V的高压电源为喷油器供电。试验结果表明,开发的柴油机电控喷油器控制系统符合X光相衬成像技术研究柴油机喷雾雾化机理的要求,喷油开启迅速、喷油持续稳定、关闭干脆。本系统根据设定可实现电控喷油器的单次及多次连续开启,进一步可以推广应用于柴油机喷油器相关环节教学实验中。     

TiO2粉末多晶X射线衍射Rietveld全谱拟合定量相分析

采用Rietveld全谱拟合的方法对TiO2粉末中锐钛矿和金红石进行定量分析,通过标准样品数据和计算结果进行比较,对该方法的准确性、重复性以及普适性分析,计算结果与标准样品数据符合良好.该方法具有快速准确、成本低、可重复的特点,在高纯度矿物产品工业中将具有广阔的应用前景.     

ErCl3-CaCl2体系的热力学优化和计算

根据实验测定的相图,运用CALPHAD技术对ErCl3-CaCl2体系进行了热力学优化和计算.计算出的相图属于简单低共熔型,低共熔点为850.92K,46.0%(摩尔分数)ErCl3,同时优化计算了该体系的液相混合焓和相互作用系数.这些热力学参数对于稀土金属及其合金的冶炼有重要意义.     

四元体系RbBr-CeBr_3-HBr（13.90%）-H_2O（25℃）的相平衡

测定了四元体系RbBr-CeBr3-HBr-H2O在25℃时的溶度数据,绘制了相应的溶度图.该四元体系由2个固相区RbBr（原始盐）,CeBr3.6H2O（原始盐）组成,是一简单共饱型体系.双饱点组成（平均值）为：HBr 13.34%,CeBr344.15%,RbBr 6.84%.与文献报道的此类氯化物体系比较发现,溴化物体系与氯化物轻稀土体系有较大的相化学关系差异,其原因可能是溴阴离子半径较大所致.     

Parents’ PTSD symptoms and child abuse potential during the perinatal period: Direct associations and mediation via relationship conflict

BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are associated with parental aggression towards children, but little is known about the relation between parents’ PTSD symptoms and their risk for perpetrating child physical abuse during the early parenting years, when the potential for prevention of abuse may be highest.ObjectiveTo examine direct associations between mothers’ and fathers’ PTSD symptoms and child abuse potential, as well as indirect effects through couple relationship adjustment (i.e., conflict and love) in a high-risk sample of parents during the perinatal period, most of whom were first-time parents.Participants and settingFrom March 2013 to August 2016, data were collected from 150 expecting or new parental dyads in which the mother was participating in a home visiting program.MethodsData were analyzed using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model.ResultsFor mothers and fathers, there were direct associations between PTSD symptom severity and child abuse potential (βs = .51, ps <.001), and this association for fathers was stronger at higher levels of mothers’ PTSD symptoms (β = .15, p = .03). In addition, parents’ own and their partners’ PTSD symptoms were each indirectly associated with parents’ own child abuse potential through parents’ report of interparental conflict (standardized indirect effects = .052–.069, ps = .004) but not love.ConclusionsAddressing parents’ PTSD symptoms and relationship conflict during the perinatal period using both systemic and developmental perspectives may uniquely serve to decrease the risk of child physical abuse and its myriad adverse consequences.     

Paving the road toward the use of β-Fe2O3 in solar water splitting: Raman identification,phase transformation and strategies for phase stabilization

Although β-Fe₂O₃ has a high theoretical solar-to-hydrogen efficiency because of its narrow band gap, the study of β-Fe₂O₃ photoanodes for water splitting is elusive as a result of their metastable nature. Raman identification of β-Fe₂O₃ is theoretically and experimentally investigated in this study for the first time, thus clarifying the debate about its Raman spectrum in the literature. Phase transformation of β-Fe₂O₃ to α-Fe₂O₃ was found to potentially take place under laser and electron irradiation as well as annealing. Herein, phase transformation of β-Fe₂O₃ to α-Fe₂O₃ was inhibited by introduction of Zr doping, and β-Fe₂O₃ was found to withstand a higher annealing temperature without any phase transformation. The solar water splitting photocurrent of the Zr-doped β-Fe₂O₃ photoanode was increased by 500% compared to that of the pure β-Fe₂O₃ photoanode. Additionally, Zr-doped β-Fe₂O₃ exhibited very good stability during the process of solar water splitting. These results indicate that by improving its thermal stability, metastable β-Fe₂O₃ film is a promising photoanode for solar water splitting.