Thinking it through: a study of how pre-service teachers respond to children who present with possible mental health difficulties

Teachers are key professionals in responding to children and adolescents with possible mental health difficulties and who exhibit social, emotional or behavioural difficulties in the classroom. Health and education policy increasingly positions teachers as vital agents in connecting mental health services with affected young people. A growing corpus of research, however, questions practitioners’ capacity to undertake this important role, particularly given the limited space afforded to content around mental health in pre-service teacher education. This paper reports on a qualitative case study, conducted in an Australian context, investigating pre-service teacher responses to five vignettes of young people presenting behaviours indicative of possible mental health difficulties. In light of educator expectations to identify and appropriately respond to mental health difficulties, this study discloses the need for explicit, structured mental health guidance which form a discrete, core ‘knowledge base’ of teacher education. Patterns in data, analysed in light of policy literature, also suggest the value inherent in advocating open-minded, non-judgemental and collegial professional responses. Further research opportunities highlighted include a systematic review of current provision around mental health in pre-service teacher education programmes.     

未成年人的攻击行为研究综述

未成年人的攻击行为因其巨大的危害性越来越受到心理学研究者的广泛关注，本文从攻击行为的概念、攻击行为最新的测评方法和统计软件、影响攻击行为的生理、心理及环境因素和对攻击行为的干预四个方面，总结了近几年关于攻击行为的研究成果，通过本文使人可以进一步了解攻击行为研究的现状。     

夫妻权力分配模式对青少年发展的影响研究

以核心家庭为研究对象,分析丈夫主导、妻子主导和夫妻平权三种夫妻权力分配模式对青少年发展的影响。研究发现夫妻平权模式更加普遍,家庭事务决策方面“男主外、女主内”的二元模式仍清晰存在。不同家庭特征下夫妻权力模式存在差异:当子女性别为女且为京户,妻子受教育程度不低于丈夫时,妻子在家庭权力分配中具有更高地位;反之,则丈夫具有更高权力地位。学业方面,丈夫主导型家庭更易出现学业成绩领先的青少年,但也容易出现学业落后的情况;妻子主导型家庭中成长的青少年表现出中下等学业成绩的概率较大。在社会适应和人格方面,平权家庭中青少年较妻权家庭往往伴随更高的社会适应水平,在谨慎性、开放性人格维度上显著高于夫权家庭。     

少数民族女童低学业成就的归因分析与对策

国务院人口普查办公室1990年全国10％人口抽样调查资料表明，在全国三百多万6—14岁不在校人口中，西部地区就占了1／3强，其中56．96％的人口是女性，即在西部地区有65万多6—14岁的女童因为各种原因应该在校读书而没有在校。能否加快西部12省(区、直辖市)“普九”的步伐，有效解决西部地区少数民族女童教育问题，成为落实“两基”目标的重中之重。     

Culturally Relevant STEM Out-of-School Time: A Rationale to Support Gifted Girls of Color

Gifted girls of color represent a potentially untapped resource for increasing and sustaining a diverse science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce. Girls of color possess unique mathematics and science gifts and talents that can remain unrealized if not addressed before middle school. Culturally responsive STEM out-of-school-time (OST) activities can be an effective means to develop STEM capacity in gifted girls of color. The researchers present three considerations to support the implementation of STEM OST. First, they offer a rationale for culturally relevant STEM enrichment activities for gifted girls of color. Next, the researchers consider how culturally relevant STEM OST activities can help to close the achievement gap. Finally, they explain how professional mentorship opportunities within OST activities can help gifted girls of color navigate the STEM pipeline.     

Development of a Socioecological Adolescent Sexual Health Index and Atlas: A Case Study in Washington State

ABSTRACT

Adolescent sexual health programs often frame needs assessments using risk-taking, disease, or fertility data, fostering a narrow perspective of sexual health and limiting scopes of related programs. We address the gap between traditional measures and the socioecological lens used by many in the field. Using Washington State as an example, we report methods for developing and mapping an index of sex education needs that integrates social determinants of health (SDH) to reflect the complex, interrelated influences affecting adolescents. The generated index and maps support a holistic approach to assessing inequity, resource allocation gaps, and specific programmatic needs of young people. This case study demonstrates that it is possible and important to align adolescent sexual health measurement strategies with more holistic adolescent sexuality development frameworks. We recommend that public health professionals consider a broader range of data on SDH in their sex education policy and program decision making.     

试论青少年网络道德培育体系的构建

当前，对青少年网民进行真、善、美等道德的培养已成为社会和广大家长的强烈愿望。网络道德的培养应以培养道德主体为核心，坚持他律和自律结合、自由与责任并存、伦理与网络伦理融合的原则，从网络技术规范管理、网络道德教育、个体自我调适三个方面构建青少年网络道德培育体系。     

Losing the future? Constructing educational need in Egypt, 1820s to 1920s

This article examines petitions submitted to the Egyptian state by students and parents over the span of a century. These sources reveal that Egyptians from across the economic spectrum were shifting their construction of schooling in response to changing political and educational policies and evolving conceptions of educational need. Over the course of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, parents and students were increasingly appealing to discourses concerning education, girls’ schooling and nationalism as a way to frame their personal pursuits as an extension of national advancement. As a result, petitioners saw education not as a matter of charity or luxury, but rather as a fundamental way to prevent ‘losing’ a brighter future. Ultimately, this shift in the concept of educational need underwrote the development of mass educational systems of the twentieth century as a cornerstone of the relationship between even the poorest of citizens and the Egyptian state.     

Relationship between Perceptions of Control and Victimization of Chinese Adolescents

This study explores perceptions of control in victims of school bullying, by surveying 108 adolescents with questionnaires. The result shows that there are significant gender differences in external control in general, internal control of sociality, and victimization of physical bullying. Physical victimization decreases as subjects grow older, but unknown control increases. Social victimization is positively correlated with all factors of external control. Verbal victimization is positively correlated with factors of external control of sociality, general and average; and negatively correlated with factors of internal control of sociality and physicality. Victimization of property bullying is positively correlated with average external control. External control is a predictor of victimization of social, verbal, and property bullying; internal control of body is that of verbal victimization. Translated from Psychology Development and Education, 2005, 1