有氧运动对心力衰竭大鼠循环儿茶酚胺的影响及机制

摘要：目的：观察有氧运动对心力衰竭（心衰）大鼠肾上腺G蛋白耦联受体激酶2（GRK2）、α2-肾上腺素受体（α2-AR）以及血浆儿茶酚胺含量的影响,探讨运动抑制心衰时交感神经过度激活的可能机制。方法：36只健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术安静对照组（SH-sed组）、心衰安静组（HF-sed组）和心衰运动组（HF-ex组）。HF-ex组大鼠进行10周跑台运动,SH-sed组和HF-sed组维持安静水平。实验后利用超声心动图仪检测心脏结构与功能;Masson染色检测心肌胶原容积分数（CVF）;高压液相色谱法分析血浆肾上腺素（EP）和去甲肾上腺素（NEP）浓度;实时荧光定量PCR 检测心脏重塑基因I型胶原（Col-1）、心钠素（ANF）和转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）mRNA表达,western blot检测肾上腺GRK2和α2-AR蛋白表达水平。结果：1）与SH-sed组比较,HF-sed组缩短分数（FS）和左室射血分数（LVEF）降低（P<0.05）;血浆EP和NEP升高（P<0.05）;心脏Col-1、ANF和TGF-β1 mRNA以及肾上腺GRK2蛋白表达量上调,肾上腺α2-AR蛋白水平下调（P<0.05）。2）与HF-sed组比较,HF-ex组FS和LVEF升高（P<0.05）;血浆EP和NEP降低（P<0.05）;心脏Col-1、ANF和TGF-β1 mRNA水平以及肾上腺GRK2蛋白表达下调（P<0.05）,肾上腺α2-AR蛋白表达上调（P<0.05）。结论：1）心衰时肾上腺GRK2/α2-AR信号通路异常造成儿茶酚胺大量分泌,最终引起心脏重塑以及心功能不全。2）长期有氧运动改善心衰大鼠心脏重塑并提高心功能,其机制与肾上腺GRK2/α2-AR轴功能部分恢复进而抑制儿茶酚胺过度释放有关。     

区域中心城市技术扩散能力比较研究--以上海、北京为例

区域中心城市技术扩散功能发挥程度的大小决定了区域技术发展的质量与速度，通过运用动态脉冲函数模型与时间序列收敛模型分别测算了上海与北京的技术扩散能力，研究表明上海的技术扩散能力远大于北京。造成技术扩散能力差异的原因是多方面的，如经济腹地的科技实力、产业结构关联程度、区域技术一体化程度，等等。长三角地区的发展模式为其他区域科技发展战略乃至全国区域协调发展战略提供了启示。     

基于FPGA的心率测量仪的设计

基于FPGA芯片功能模块,设计出一款用于远程监控使用的快速心率测量仪,并通过QuartusⅡ软件得到时序仿真的结果,使整机集成实现了与手机信号通讯的功能,达到远程自动监控心率信号的功能,利用智能机器自主学习的算法,对被监控人员的心率和血压的变化情况进行自动监控,具有广泛的推广价值。     

丹瓜方对转基因糖尿病小鼠心脏损伤的作用

探讨丹瓜方对转基因糖尿病小鼠心脏组织的影响。32只ApoE-/-小鼠数字随机等分为模型组、丹瓜方组、联合用药组(丹瓜方+吡格列酮)、吡格列酮组。喂以普通饲料,各组分别给药12周。小鼠处死,取心脏、匀浆,免疫组化测心脏血清反应因子(SRF)含量;解剖冠状动脉,光镜观察比较。结果:与模型组比较,联合用药组与丹瓜方组SRF阳性率降低有显著性差异(P<0.01);形态学观察,丹瓜方组与联合用药组冠状动脉内膜大部分无增厚。结果表明:丹瓜方对糖尿病小鼠心脏具有保护作用。     

Inflammatory Cytokines,Apoptotic, Tissue Injury and Remodeling Biomarkers in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

The present study aims to evaluate specific biomarkers involved in congenital heart disease (CHD), and whether there is a significant differences between the levels of these biomarkers in the cyanotic CHD (CCHD) and acyanotic CHD (ACHD). We prospectively measured tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), vasoendothelial growth factor (VEGF), troponin T, creatin kinase MB (CKMB), and Caspase 3 levels in 120 consecutive children with CHD (60 cyanotic and 60 a cyanotic with age 1:4 years), and 30 healthy control children. Significant elevated levels of inflammatory markers; TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP was detected in CHD, with percentage increase in cyanotic than a cyanotic subjects as compared to the normal one. Apoptotic biomarker; caspase 3 showed also significant increases in CCHD than ACHD. In addition, tissue injury mechanisms included troponin T and CKMB, exhibited significant increase in cyanotic than a cyanotic CHD. The present results demonstrate also, significant enhancement in remodeling process (VEGF), in cyanotic than a cyanotic patients. Thus, it could be concluded that, the children with CCHD were shown to have elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, caspase 3, troponin T, and CKMB as these biomarkers may implicated in cardiac functional status.     

β刺激纤维细胞治疗对心脏衰竭患者疗效分析

目的:探讨β刺激纤维细胞治疗对心脏衰竭患者的治疗效果。方法:对100例不同程度心脏衰竭患者进行干预治疗,给予不同量的β刺激纤维细胞,观察患者在不同程度干预治疗下的效果,在β刺激纤维细胞干预治疗第1~2天选择2种不同的β刺激量、β刺激机,先后进行β刺激纤维细胞干预治疗。结果:β刺激纤维细胞干预治疗结束时,82例心脏衰竭得到明显抑制,18例无明显改善,无恶化病例,持续性β刺激,间歇性β刺激、随弃式β刺激、小型β刺激机、大型β刺激机依从性良好,分别为19、34、25、22、29人次,持续性β刺激治疗评分为82,间歇性β刺激治疗评分为85,随弃式β刺激治疗评分为89。结论:β刺激纤维细胞治疗对心脏衰竭患者具有明显的心脏衰竭缓解作用,不同刺激量对于心脏病的缓解作用大小不一,间歇性β刺激治疗略好于持续性β刺激治疗和随弃式β刺激。     

Reliability and Validity of a New Physical Activity Self-Report Measure for Younger Children

The purpose of this study was to assess the test–retest reliability and validity of a new Youth Physical Activity Self-Report measure. Heart rate and direct observation were employed as criterion measures with a sample of 79 children (aged 7–9 years). Spearman's rho (ρ) correlation between self reported activity intensity and heart rate was .87 for weekday and .795 for weekend; the correlation between self-reported activity duration and duration as measured by heart rate were .837 and .684 for weekday and weekend, respectively. These correlations fell when recalled inactivity was excluded from analysis. A correlation of ρ = .557 was found between self-reported activity intensity and direct observation. Results establish support for the self-report measure as an effective tool for measuring the previous day physical activity of younger children.     

1500m耐力训练中实施心率和血乳酸监测的研究

为了探求1500m运动员耐力训练的最优效果,采用实验法、数据统计法等研究方法,对哈尔滨市省属3所高校10名男子1500m运动员运用5级递增负荷法进行无氧阈的测试,并对心率和血乳酸等生理指标进行监控、分析和评价。实验结果显示:(1)无氧阈强度时血乳酸与心率的变化曲线高度相关,可以用心率来代替血乳酸指标指导训练,是1500m训练中控制运动强度的简便易行的有效方法;(2)高校1500m运动员耐力训练可以参照171±9.2这个范围作为男子无氧阈强度的临界心率,以3.9mmo1/L作为乳酸无氧阈的临界值。(3)在实际训练中可以采用低强度训练负荷、长时间中强度耐力训练和间歇性大强度训练等方法。     

The measurement of competitive anxiety during balance beam performance in gymnasts

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to investigate competitive anxiety during balance beam performance in gymnasts. Competitive anxiety was assessed continuously by heart rate monitoring and by retrospective self-report of nervousness in eight female national level gymnasts during their balance beam routine during one competition and two training sessions. A significant negative correlation was found between the score of the retrospective self-report of nervousness and performance during the routine. There were no significant differences in performance score by the judges between the three test sessions. There were also no differences in the retrospective self-report of nervousness. However, heart rate was significantly higher during the competition session than during the training sessions. The potential value of the retrospective report of nervousness for the study of critical events during gymnastic performance is illustrated. The results are discussed in the light of catastrophe theory.     

Sampling period determination for heart rate logging under an exercise regimen

Abstract

Using a mathematical procedure, we determine appropriate sampling rates for logging heart rate, at a variety of exercise intensities. The mathematical procedure involves correlating exercise and heart rate data to determine a dynamical mathematical model, from which the frequency response of the relationship between exercise intensity and heart rate can be determined. The sampling rate is then straightforwardly deduced by making appropriate measurements on the frequency response curve. We show how careful consideration needs to be given to the choice of dynamical model structure and the work regimen, so that consistent and convincing conclusions can be drawn. We demonstrate that the dynamics of the work-rate/heart-rate system are dependent on the nominal work/heart rate, but a 5-s sampling period, as used in many commercial heart rate monitors, appears to be adequate, especially when some averaging is performed before logging.