员工对高管的信任与员工离职倾向的关系——组织承诺的中介效应研究

通过对101家高新技术企业的2239名员工问卷调查,使用SPSS软件对数据进行处理,利用相关分析、回归分析对假设进行检验。结果发现:高管信任程度越高,员工的离职倾向越低;组织承诺越高,员工的离职倾向越低,高管信任对员工离职倾向的影响通过组织承诺的部分中介作用来实现。该结果说明:高管信任对员工离职倾向具有重要影响,组织承诺在其中发挥了关键作用。     

基于员工流动的知识整合机制研究——以FDI嵌入型产业集群中外企员工流入的内资企业为例

FDI嵌入型产业集群中,内外资企业间员工流动现象越来越普遍,由于技术知识和管理经验通常内嵌于员工的头脑中,员工流动必然带来知识的跨组织转移。内资企业如何将所转移知识进行整合并提升其创新能力和创新绩效是一个亟待解决的问题。以长三角地区FDI嵌入型产业集群中的内资企业为研究样本,通过建立结构方程模型系统研究了由于员工流动导致内外资企业间知识转移的内资企业知识整合机制、知识整合能力与知识转移效果之间的关系。实证研究结果发现:垂直整合机制、水平整合机制和混合整合机制均对知识转移效果具有显著的正向影响,混合整合机制的影响效果最好,垂直整合机制的影响效果次之,水平整合机制的影响效果最差;内资企业的知识整合能力是影响知识整合机制与知识转移效果关系的关键中介因素。     

A systematic examination of knowledge loss in open source software projects

Context Open Source Software (OSS) development is a knowledge focused activity which relies heavily on contributors who can be volunteers or paid workers and are geographically distributed. While working on OSS projects contributors acquire project related individualistic knowledge and gain experience and skills, which often remains unshared with others and is usually lost once contributors leave a project. All software development organisations face the problem of knowledge loss as employees leave, but this situation is exasperated in OSS projects where most contributors are volunteers with largely unpredictable engagement durations. Contributor turnover is inevitable due to the transient nature of OSS project workforces causing knowledge loss, which threatens the overall sustainability of OSS projects and impacts negatively on software quality and contributor productivity.ObjectiveThe objective of this work is to deeply and systematically investigate the phenomenon of knowledge loss due to contributor turnover in OSS projects as presented in the state-of-the-art literature and to synthesise the information presented on the topic. Furthermore, based on the learning arising from our investigation it is our intention to identify mechanisms to reduce the overall effects of knowledge loss in OSS projects.MethodologyWe use the snowballing methodology to identify the relevant literature on knowledge loss due to contributor turnover in OSS projects. This robust methodology for a literature review includes research question, search strategy, inclusion, exclusion, quality criteria, and data synthesis. The search strategy, and inclusion, exclusions and quality criteria are applied as a part of snowballing procedure.Snowballing is considered an efficient and reliable way to conduct a systematic literature review, providing a robust alternative to mechanically searching individual databases for given topics.ResultKnowledge sharing in OSS projects is abundant but there is no evidence of a formal strategy or practice to manage knowledge. Due to the dynamic and diverse nature of OSS projects, knowledge management is considered a challenging task and there is a need for a proactive mechanism to share knowledge in the OSS community for knowledge to be reused in the future by the OSS project contributors. From the collection of papers found using snowballing, we consolidated various themes on knowledge loss due to contributor turnover in OSS projects and identified 11 impacts due to knowledge loss in OSS projects, and 10 mitigations to manage with knowledge loss in OSS projects.ConclusionIn this paper, we propose future research directions to investigate integration of proactive knowledge retention practices with the existing OSS practices to reduce the current knowledge loss problem. We suggest that there is insufficient attention paid to KM in general in OSS, in particular there would appear to an absence of proactive measures to reduce the potential impact of knowledge loss. We also propose the need for a KM evaluation metric in OSS projects, similar to the ones that evaluate health of online communities, which should help to inform potential consumers of the OSS of the KM status on a project, something that is not existent today.     

浅议国有企业员工流动管理

现阶段国有企业员工流动管理的重点在于通过流动实现员工的价值,即解决能够做事、做合适的事、愿意做事和敢于做事这四个问题。而解决这四个问题就要贯穿到整个员工流动的三个重要环节当中,只有按照"四为"的要求建立国有企业员工流动管理的架构,才能实现基本的经济性人力资源价值和员工更高层次的价值。     

It’s very different here: practice-based academic staff induction and retention

The sociologist, Max Weber (1864–1920), suggested that few could withstand the frustrations of academic life. As the strategic management of human resources begins to differentiate higher education institutions (HEIs) in league tables, the costs of voluntary staff turnover (attrition) become more significant. In this paper, we consider links between induction (orientation) and retention for academic staff. We report on a qualitative study of thirty academic staff in five United Kingdom HEIs who were recruited on the basis of their professional experience. Their practice-based knowledge lends our participants particular insight into their HEI induction experience which, where found wanting, led in several cases to resignation. We analyse the induction experiences of our participants to glean explanations for these perceived shortcomings. Since induction interventions are thought to lead to improved retention, we recommend policy and practice changes to induction, which may benefit all academic staff.     

职业满意度和认同感对海南高校体育教师离职意向的影响

通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法,对海南省高校在编在职体育教师职业满意度和职业认同的现状进行调查分析,旨在考察海南高校体育教师职业满意度和职业认同的现状,及探讨二者对离职意向的影响程度。进而找出产生离职意向的原因,制定有效的措施,降低离职率。研究结果表明：职业满意度、职业认同是影响海南高校教师离职意向的两个变量,两者与离职意向成负相关而最能影响海南高校体育教师离职意向的因素主要表现在自我发展、学校政策与管理、部门领导、个人地位等四个方面。     

乒乓球优秀男子双打前四板技术统计与趋势分析

主要运用文献法、录像统计法与数理统计法,对许昕/马龙等6对乒乓球男子双打8场39局的比赛进行各项技术使用指标的统计,分析乒乓球双打国内、外优秀选手前四板技术的特点及发展趋势.对比分析国内、外优秀男子双打在发球抢攻段与接发球抢攻段的技术优劣,为国内双打训练研究提供文献参考.     

上市公司内控机制的效率评价:公司业绩与总经理变更视角

以总经理非常规变更为视角,采用Logistic回归模型,通过实证分析中国上市公司2000~2004年总经理变更与公司业绩、内控机制的相关性,对内控机制的效率进行了初步判断。研究表明:(1)总经理变更与公司业绩呈负相关,中国上市公司内控机制存在效率;(2)总经理变更与经理董事比例、第一大股东持股率显著负相关;与独立董事比例的相关性未得到证实;业绩既定下,经理董事比例的提高降低了总经理变更对业绩的敏感性;(3)经理董事与大股东是影响内控机制效率的关键因素,深化股权分置改革、完善独立董事制度及其行权的制度环境建设仍是未来公司治理改革的重点。     

总经理任职特征对企业战略导向的影响研究

基于122家企业样本的研究,发现企业总经理与董事长两职分离有利于企业家导向和市场导向;总经理更替频率与企业家导向之间呈倒U关系,总经理的频繁更替不利于市场导向。     

北京奥运会中国男篮与世界强队组织后卫进攻能力的比较研究

运用文献资料法、录像观察法、特尔菲法、数理统计法等,对中国男篮与世界强队组织后卫的进攻能力进行比较研究,结果表明：我国组织后卫在得分和投篮次数以及投篮命中率上与对方存在显著性差异,在发动快攻次数以及发动快攻的成功率上与对方具有较大的差距;在个人前场控球次数、控球时间和个人持球进攻次数上高于对方．且无效控球次数和控球时间高于对方;助攻、支配球能力与对方存在明显差距,且失误次数多;组织配合能力差,具体表现在个人持球进攻次数太多,而通过全队配合进攻次数太少;在有球活动区域与对方具有较大的差异。尤其在近区和远区组织配合的成功率上．与对方差距巨大。