Proximal advantage in knowledge diffusion: The time dimension

This paper intends to explore the impact of geographic proximity on the diffusion of knowledge in the form of publication citations, and argues that codified knowledge is transmitted faster in proximity and is subject to similar geographic constraints as tacit knowledge. The geographic proximity advantage would be particularly relevant in the early stage of dissemination. We collected three sets of research articles published in 1990, 2000 and 2010 and compared the longitudinal citations they received domestically and from abroad. The study found that domestic citations accumulate faster and reach their peak much earlier than foreign citations, and the difference is most evident in the first few years after publication. The result shows that geographic proximity does play a role in the speed of knowledge diffusion and points to the network effect for citations. Those located closer to the knowledge origin would be exposed and react to publications faster due to the additional opportunities of research exchange and network.     

Technological research in the EU is less efficient than the world average. EU research policy risks Europeans’ future

We have studied the efficiency of research in the EU by a percentile-based citation approach that analyzes the distribution of country papers among the world papers. Going up in the citation scale, the frequency of papers from efficient countries increases while the frequency from inefficient countries decreases. In the percentile-based approach, this trend, which is uniform at any citation level, is measured by the e_p index that equals the P_{top 1%}/P_{top 10%} ratio. By using the e_p index we demonstrate that EU research on fast-evolving technological topics is less efficient than the world average and that the EU is far from being able to compete with the most advanced countries. The e_p index also shows that the USA is well ahead of the EU in both fast- and slow-evolving technologies, which suggests that the advantage of the USA over the EU in innovation is due to low research efficiency in the EU. In accord with some previous studies, our results show that the European Commission’s ongoing claims about the excellence of EU research are based on a wrong diagnosis. The EU must focus its research policy on the improvement of its inefficient research. Otherwise, the future of Europeans is at risk.     

观赏园艺公司的增值管理

针对观赏园艺公司存在的主要问题,引入增值管理的理念,从市场预测、供求风险、产品生产、产品养护、产品高附加值和人力资本等6个方面,详细阐释了增值管理的措施;探讨并建立了评价体系和指标,为优化观赏园艺公司的管理提供了新思路。     

区域性协同创新理论机制与评价研究

深入研究区域协同创新的理论机制,对于提高区域创新效率、提升区域发展竞争力具有重要意义。从系统 论的角度出发,论述区域协同理论及机制,分析国内外协同创新模式,综合借鉴已有的相关评价指标体系,确立了4 项 一级指标、11项二级指标、32个三级指标,采用层次分析法和专家咨询法确定指标权重,构建了区域性协同创新能力 评价指标体系。对15个副省级城市区域性协同创新能力进行实证分析和评价,找出影响区域性协同创新能力的主要因 素,分析济南市协同创新存在的主要问题,提出推动当地协同创新发展的对策与建议。     

基于教育评估的顶层设计对高校图书馆的影响机理分析

基于教育评估的顶层设计,通过评估方案的制定和实施,规范、调控全国各高校以资源配置为基础的全部教学管理工作,从而导致长期处于资源配置相对劣势的图书馆也从中获取增量资源与效应,取得超常发展。随着教育评估方案的发展完善,这一影响机理将日趋常态化;随着高校资源配置水平的逐步提升,其编制的资源配置计划对图书馆的影响终将与基于教育评估的顶层设计对图书馆的影响趋同。     

用户感知视角下的商务网站信息生态化程度测评研究——以淘宝网和京东商城为例

[目的/意义]构建商务网站信息生态化程度测评指标体系,对淘宝网与京东商城的信息生态化程度进行实证测评。[方法/过程]基于用户感知理论,根据网络信息生态化程度测评指标设计调查问卷,对淘宝网和京东商城用户进行问卷调查。运用SPSS 19.0对调查问卷进行统计分析,通过信度分析、效度分析、回归分析验证问卷的可信度、有效性和各级指标对总目标的影响程度,得出被测对象在各级指标上的测评值。[结果/结论]用户对商务网站信息生态化程度满意度较低;从总体上看,京东商城的信息生态化程度高于淘宝网;我国电子商务网站的信息生态化建设应得到重视,网站信息质量和可持续发展潜力的提升是其信息生态化建设的重点。     

基于动态模糊依赖关系的图书馆用户评价系统设计与实现

基于动态模糊依赖关系理论，开发了图书馆用户动态模糊评价系统，主要从系统设计的总体思路以及开发过程中的主要技术等方面探讨了整个系统的设计与实现。     

数据质量管理对数据共享的影响

数据质量对数据共享是个“双刃剑”：对数据质量要求太低,谬误散布可能误导用户;对数据质量要求 太高,数据生产者会因不堪重负对数据共享敬而远之。因此,探索一个数据生产者和数据用户都能接受的数据质量管 理机制对可持续的数据共享极为重要。文章用两个案例讨论了科研数据和政府业务数据质量管理方式对数据共享的影 响,并用第三个案例讨论了把科研数据转化为业务数据需要注意的原则：生产者和用户应该在关键问题上事先达成一 致意见,特别是,对数据质量验证需要遵循客观标准而非主观感觉。