Encoded Archival Description: Are Finding Aids Boundary Spanners or Barriers for Users?

ABSTRACT

The article reports the results of a usability study of an EAD interface. Findings indicate that subjects had trouble understanding archival terminology and how best to search for information in finding aids. Furthermore, they were not familiar with the structure or contents of finding aids. In addition to building interfaces that minimize archival jargon and rely heavily on users' prior understanding of hierarchical finding aids, this study indicates that users require new forms of virtual reference assistance in the online environment.     

Describing Anything That Walks

ABSTRACT

Anchored on the Vietnamese American Project (VAP), this essay presents the documentation of the Vietnamese American Experience through the voices of ethnic Vietnamese in Orange County, California, home to the largest concentration of this ethnic group outside Vietnam. Groundbreaking in its approach and method, VAP is an open forum that enables community assessment, self education, public memory preservation, and the first step toward understanding Vietnamese America and the Vietnamese diaspora. The cross-sectional narratives encompass transcontinental accounts of first and 1.5 generations of Vietnamese refugees and their children, and subsequently focus on their coming to terms with their second home in America, dwelling on how ethnic Vietnamese have negotiated with political turmoil, socioeconomic changes, and cultural identity. The paper, as the VAP, bridges cultural and linguistic barriers, connecting the native land and the adopted country. In short, the paper through its synthesis of the VAP: (1) gives a timely response to the urgent needs to understand and study the ethnic Vietnamese community in Orange County, providing much-needed primary data on the respective population for the ethnic communities and interdisciplinary scholarship; (2) serves as a healing process for members of the Vietnamese American community in Orange County and other victims of war; (3) sheds light onto intra- and inter-ethnic relations, fostering community consolidation, forging cross-cultural collaborations, and nurturing racial harmony; (4) contributes to an important period in American history with perspectives that are lacking in the extant literature; and (5) will conduce peace by bringing out the human experience in America's longest war.     

Giving Structure to Legacy Finding Aids Before Conversion to EAD: The Case of the Archives Départementales des Pyrénées-Atlantiques,France

SUMMARY

At the Archives Départementales des Pyrénées-Atlantiques, the encoding of more than forty legacy finding aids written between 1863 and 2000 is part of a program of digitization of the collections. Because of the size of the project, an external consultant, ArchProteus, has been brought in and specific management procedures have been put in place within the institution. The conversion has allowed the testing and verification of the flexibility of the EAD DTD, despite the various hurdles negotiated throughout the project, such as the necessity of reengineering finding aids, and standardizing index terms, etc. It becomes clear that a conversion project–in this case, a retrospective conversion–will lead the archivist to rethink the production of finding aids and the relationship with users and patrons.     

21st Century Readers' Aids: Past History and Future Directions

ABSTRACT

This article provides a brief history of the development of library subject guides (often referred to as pathfinders) from the late 1800s to the present. During this period, subject guides have changed both their focus and format. The needs of academic institutions at the turn of the 20th century were very different than they are today, and technology that was non-existent then has become ubiquitous. Much can be learned from studying the evolution of these important library tools and looking to the future as they mature even further.     

影视作品在日本文学课堂教学中的应用

由于日本民族文化的独特性,使得中国学生学习日本文学课程感到困难。将影视作品引入课程教学,发挥影视视觉效果的直观性、观赏性,能够帮助学生更好地把握作品所传达的日本民族文化信息和审美意识。教师应当发挥主导作用,在保证实现课程教学目标的同时,引导学生借助影视辅助手段进行学习,以提高学习兴趣和效率,提高日本语言的综合运用能力。     

研究生收费与资助制度改革研究

研究生收费试点已在一些高校开始试行,试点学校将取消计划内和计划外区别,所有研究生都要交费上学。同时,试点学校将提高研究生资助力度,扩大资助覆盖面;建立符合研究生培养特点的激励机制;强调导师在研究生培养和资助方面的重要作用。     

浅谈英汉习语直译的辅助手段

英汉习语之间的互译既可用直译,也可用意译,在很多情况下是通过直译实现的。直译英汉习语多数情况下需要辅助手段,才能较好地促进文化交流。文章探讨了常见的辅助手段的形式、特点和作用。     

Use of Louisiana's Digital Cultural Heritage by Wikipedians

Analysis of how cultural heritage institutions' (CHI) digital assets are being cited on Wikipedia can be beneficial to understanding user needs and interests as well as priorities for collection development and digitization. This case study details an analysis of Wikipedia links to online resources from Louisiana cultural heritage institutions in order to determine what types of cultural heritage resources users are citing on Wikipedia, what is the content of the Wikipedia articles with Louisiana CHI citations, and how this can influence the work of CHI. The results of the study include findings that digital library items and archival finding aids are the most cited sources from cultural heritage institutions on Wikipedia and are particularly popular for Louisiana-specific Wikipedia articles on society and the social sciences and culture and the arts. Some possible strategies for determining digitization and collection development priorities based on these findings are also detailed.     

Creatine co-ingestion with carbohydrate or cinnamon extract provides no added benefit to anaerobic performance

The insulin response following carbohydrate ingestion enhances creatine transport into muscle. Cinnamon extract is promoted to have insulin-like effects, therefore this study examined if creatine co-ingestion with carbohydrates or cinnamon extract improved anaerobic capacity, muscular strength, and muscular endurance. Active young males (n?=?25; 23.7?±?2.5?y) were stratified into 3 groups: (1) creatine only (CRE); (2) creatine+ 70?g carbohydrate (CHO); or (3) creatine+ 500?mg cinnamon extract (CIN), based on anaerobic capacity (peak power·kg^?1) and muscular strength at baseline. Three weeks of supplementation consisted of a 5?d loading phase (20?g/d) and a 16?d maintenance phase (5?g/d). Pre- and post-supplementation measures included a 30-s Wingate and a 30-s maximal running test (on a self-propelled treadmill) for anaerobic capacity. Muscular strength was measured as the one-repetition maximum 1-RM for chest, back, quadriceps, hamstrings, and leg press. Additional sets of the number of repetitions performed at 60% 1-RM until fatigue measured muscular endurance. All three groups significantly improved Wingate relative peak power (CRE: 15.4% P?=?.004; CHO: 14.6% P?=?.004; CIN: 15.7%, P?=?.003), and muscular strength for chest (CRE: 6.6% P?P?P?P?P?P?P?=?.013; CHO: 10.0% P?=?.007; CIN: 17.3% P?P?=?.021) and CIN (15.5%, P?相似文献