磁共振弥散加权成像对索拉菲尼治疗肝细胞癌的疗效评估(英文)

研究目的:应用磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)监测荷瘤裸鼠肝细胞性肝癌表观弥散系数(ADC)的变化,探讨ADC对索拉菲尼治疗肝细胞性肝癌的疗效预测。创新要点:探讨磁共振DWI对索拉菲尼治疗肝癌疗效的早期评估,期望能够指导临床合理用药。研究方法:荷瘤裸鼠分成两组(治疗组和对照组)共40只,使用GE 3.0T磁共振成像系统和小动物线圈,分别于服药前后1、10、14和18天(40 mg/kg,一天两次)进行T1加权成像(T1WI)、T2加权成像(T2WI)和DWI扫描。在弥散加权图像上进行ADC测量,对比不同区域和不同时间点的差异。重要结论:索拉菲尼治疗10天后,伴随肝癌肿瘤的缩小,肿瘤内部ADC值明显上升,病理切片显示治疗组瘤体中心小血管闭塞,凋亡细胞可见,此时瘤体内坏死细胞并未大量显现,说明ADC值的改变可以反映索拉菲尼的疗效。     

Anticancer Effect of dl-Glyceraldehyde and 2-Deoxyglucose in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Bearing Mice and Their Effect on Liver,Kidney and Haematological Parameters

Cancer cells generally exhibit increased glycolysis for ATP generation (the Warburg effect). Compounds that inhibit glycolysis have potential applications in cancer treatment. dl-glyceraldehyde (DLG) and 2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG) have been proven effective in the inhibition of glucose metabolism. Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells were injected intraperitoneally (i.p) in 10–12 weeks old Swiss albino mice, weighing between 20 and 30 g. The anticancer activity of DLG and 2-DG were determined by tumor volume, tumor weight, viable and nonviable tumor cell count, average survival time, percentage increase in life span and tumor inhibition ratio. The blood samples were obtained for biochemical analysis after 9 days of treatment to study the effect on liver, kidney and haematological parameters. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was also performed. One-way ANOVA test and Dunnett’s test were used for comparisons of parameters in study groups. Both DLG and 2-DG individually decreased the tumor weight, tumor volume, viable tumor cell count and significantly increased the life span of treated mice, however the combination was found to be better. The biochemical parameters of liver and kidney functions and haematological parameters were restored close to control group as compared with the EAC bearing mice. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney in EAC control group showed large areas of necrosis, congestion and mononuclear cell infiltration but such changes were not observed in liver and kidney sections observed after i.p injection of DLG and 2-DG for 9 days. Improvement was much better in the group where combination of these two drugs were used.     

HDAC4在乳腺癌中的表达及临床病理学意义

目的：研究乳腺癌中HDC4基因蛋白的表达及其临床病理学意义。方法：实验共选取91例乳腺组织的存档蜡块标本,其中包括46例乳腺癌、26例导管内原位癌（DCIS）以及19例正常宫颈上皮组织。应用免疫组织化学（SP法）检测HDC4蛋白在上述组织中的表达,并分析其蛋白检测的临床病理学意义。结果：与正常乳腺组织（15.8%,3/19）相比,HDC4蛋白在DCIS和乳腺癌组织中表达率明显增高,分别达46.2%(12/26)和71.7%(33/46),强阳性表达率在DCIS和乳腺癌组织中分别达19.2%（5/26）和45.6%（21/46）,也明显高于正常乳腺组织,差异显著（p<0.01）。结论：HDC4蛋白表达可作为女性乳腺癌及原位癌DCIS的病理辅助诊断指标之一,可能有助于乳腺癌的诊断及预后评估。     

β-连环素与p63在大鼠舌部鳞状细胞癌癌变过程中作用的初步研究

[目的]研究β-连环素与p63基因在大鼠舌部鳞状细胞癌中的表达,探讨它们在口腔鳞状细胞癌增殖中的作用.[方法]免疫组织化学方法检测48例不同分化程度大鼠舌部鳞状细胞癌中β-连环素与p63基因的表达.[结果]8例高分化口腔鳞状细胞癌中分别有7和6例高表达p63与β-连环素.β-连环素和p63表达与大鼠舌部鳞状细胞癌的组织学分级不具有显著性差异(P>0.05).[结论]β-连环素在大鼠舌鳞状细胞癌增殖中的作用与在人回顾性研究中的作用相似.     

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF ANTISENSE OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES(ASODN) ON HUMAN PANCREATIC CANCER CELL LINE PaTu8988s

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡｎｔｉｓｅｎｓｅｏｌｉｇｏｄｅｏｘｙｎｕｃｌｅｏｔｉｄｅｓ (ＡＳＯＤＮ )ｃａｎｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｔｒａｎｓｃｒｉｐｔｉｏｎａｎｄｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｅｗｉｔｈｓｐｅ ｃｉａｌｇｅｎｅｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ .ＡｆｉｘｅｄｐｏｉｎｔｏｎｔｈｅＫ ｒａｓｇｅｎｅｗｉｔｈｈｉｇｈｍｕｔａｔｉｏｎｒａｔｅｉｎｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃｃａｒｃｉ ｎｏｍａｏｆｆｅｒｓａｎｉｎｔｒａｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒｔａｒｇｅｔｆｏｒｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａｇｅｎｅｔｈｅｒａｐｙｗｉｔｈＡＳＯＤＮ (Ｃａｉ…     

Comparison of laparoscopic hepatectomy,percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and open hepatectomy in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective

Three mainstream techniques—laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH), percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (pRFA), and open hepatectomy (OH)—were compared in this study, in terms of their efficacies in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods

A comparative study was performed within a total of 94 patients diagnosed with small HCC in our hospital from 2005 to 2010, who underwent LH (28), RFA (33), or OH (33). They had either a single tumor lesion of less than 5 cm or up to three nodules with diameters of less than 3 cm each. Outcomes were carefully evaluated throughout a 3-year follow-up interval and statistically interpreted.

Results

The pRFA group had a significantly lower disease-free survival rate compared with the two surgical groups (P=0.001) and significantly shorter overall survival (P=0.005), while the LH group and the OH group had no difference in survival results. For patients younger than 60 years old, surgical approaches offered a better long-term overall survival prognosis (P=0.008). There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups in overall survival for elderly patients (P=0.104).

Conclusions

Among patients with small HCC, LH may provide better curative effects than pRFA without increasing complication rates. pRFA leads to faster recurrence than surgical resections. LH has similar therapeutic effects to OH and causes less trauma. For patients younger than 60 years old, LH may be the best curative treatment. Elderly patients may choose either surgery or pRFA.

     

Effects of different concentrations of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ASODN) on human pancreatic cancer cell line PaTu8988s

Objective: To study the effects of different concentrations of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ASODN) on human pancreatic cancer cell line PaTu8988s. Method: Human pancreatic cancer cell line PaTu8988s in exponential growth stage was used to study the effect of different drug concentrations on the cell line in the presence of different concentrations (0 μg/ml, 5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 10 μg/m, 200 μg/ml) of ASODN and sense oligodeoxynucleotides (SODN). Cell counts and 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazolzyl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays were carried out. Results: The inhibitory rate on the cell line PaTu8988s was 98.73%, 95.76%, 69.49%, 33.05% and 0 for ASODM concentrations of 200 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml and 5 μg/ml at 48 hours. Conclusions: K-ras complementary ASODN can inhibit the growth of human pancreatic cancer cell line PaTu8988s by 30.05% to 98.73%. This is likely to contribute to the specificity of the K-ras mRNA complementary capped ASODN sequential codon. Non-specific effect and side effect of ASOND were observed for instance, the greater the concentration is, the earlier the peak of inhibitory rate is reached. In concentration, of 25 μg/ml to 100 μg/ml ASODN showed a dose-effect correlation.     

Alteration of serum beta 2-microglobulin in oral carcinoma

Serum β₂-microglubin (β₂-m) levels were measured in oral carcinoma patients and compared with normal healthy controls. It was observed that there was a significant rise in serum β₂-microglobulin in oral carcinoma patients. Progressively higher values were obtained as the cancer advanced clinically. Therefore the estimation of serum β₂-microglobulin may be useful as one of a battery of tests in the assessment of oral carcinoma patients.     

涎腺粘液表皮样癌术后生存的临床病理因素分析

目的：探讨影响涎腺粘液表皮样癌患者术后生存的相关病理因素。方法：对98例涎腺粘液表皮样癌患者进行回顾性研究,分析影响患者术后生存的相关临床病理因素。通过SPSS10.0软件分析,筛选出影响粘液表皮样癌患者术后生存的主要临床病理因素。结果：与术后生存率相关的主要临床病理因素包括：临床分期、患者年龄、镜下是否发现坏死。结论：临床分期、患者年龄是影响涎腺粘液表皮样癌术后生存的主要临床因素,镜下坏死是影响涎腺粘液表皮样癌患者术后生存的主要病理因素。