Relationship between abdominal adiposity,cardiovascular fitness,and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in British adolescents

BackgroundPuberty is a critical time in the development of overweight and obesity. The aim of this study was to examine relationships between measures of adiposity, cardiovascular fitness, and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk in adolescents.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study design, 129 girls and 95 boys aged 12.9–14.4 years at various stages of puberty were included, along with their mothers (n = 217) and fathers (n = 207). Anthropometric assessments of adiposity were made, along with cardiovascular physical fitness, using the 20-m shuttle run test, and biomarkers associated with cardiovascular risk, including glucose, insulin, triglyceride, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations.ResultsWaist-to-height ratio values were similar in boys and girls and correlated positively with diastolic blood pressure, insulin, triglyceride, fibrinogen, and CRP concentrations, and inversely with cardiovascular fitness scores. Skinfold thickness measurements were higher in girls. High-molecular-weight adiponectin concentrations were lower in boys than girls, particularly in late puberty, and CRP levels were higher. Cardiovascular fitness, maternal body mass index (BMI), and paternal BMI contributed independently to the variance in waist measurements in girls and boys. Gender, triceps skinfold thickness, and weight-to-height ratio, but not parental BMI, contributed independently to the variance in cardiovascular fitness.ConclusionThere is a relationship between measures of adolescent adiposity and parental weight that involves factors other than cardiovascular fitness. Adolescent boys have relatively more abdominal fat than girls and a tendency to have a proinflammatory profile of biomarkers. These observations suggest that family and social environmental interventions are best undertaken earlier in childhood, particularly among boys.     

云南文山市大众游泳运动现状调查及发展优势研究

采用问卷调查、访问调查、文献资料、数理统计等方法对云南省文山市大众游泳运动的现状进行调查研究,结果显示：文山市参加游泳健身运动的男性参与率高于女性,且青少年学生的参与率最高;游泳技术以蛙泳为主;影响大众参与游泳运动的主要因素是游泳场馆的水质．建议充分发挥文山市气候、设施优势,进一步推动文山市大众游泳运动的持续发展．     

论太极拳健身机理与高职院校开展太极拳健身的重要性

太极拳是一种重要的修身养性与预防疾病的拳术,它具有科学的健身机理。在高职院校师生中开展太极拳健身可以强壮身体,健康心智,促进学校的和谐与稳定。     

旅游业发展与经济增长关系的实证研究——以湖南省为例

通过建立国内旅游收入、入境旅游外汇收入与GDP之间的经济计量模型,运用协整理论及格兰杰(Granger)因果检验,研究湖南省是否存在"旅游主导"经济,或者"经济带动"旅游业发展,并通过模型检验研究了湖南省国内旅游收入、入境旅游外汇收入对经济增长的贡献额度。研究结果表明:湖南省存在旅游主导经济增长,国内旅游收入对经济增长的贡献度较高于入境旅游外汇收入。经济增长对入境旅游业发展有显著影响,但对国内旅游发展影响较小。     

郴州市居民参与健身活动现状调查与分析

采用文献资料法,问卷调查法,数据统计法,定量定性法等研究方法对郴州市居民参与健身活动情况进行调查与分析.结果表明,郴州市居民体育消费的意识总体不够高,人们的健身消费局限在运动服装和器械设备等实物消费上,消费观念和结构有所偏差,服务型消费观念还有很大的发展空间;郴州市俱乐部数量逐步增加,但分布不合理,管理水平低,可持续发展能力较差.针对上述的问题提出相应的意见和建议.     

农村青少年体质健康分析及应对措施

通过文献资料研究我国农村青少年体质健康的现状,并针对存在的情况提出应对措施,为我国青少年学生体质健康的研究提供有价值的参考.     

宁波市健身俱乐部的现状调查与分析

为了了解宁波市健身俱乐部的现状及相关情况,对宁波市健身俱乐部进行抽样调查。通过对数据的统计分析,总结出宁波市健身俱乐部在发展过程中存在的困难和问题,并提出相应的对策。     

高校体育教学考核应围绕"以人为本"的改革构想

本文从体育考核的功能出发,通过对目前我国高校体育课考核现象进行分析,指出目前高校体育教学考核的目的、方式和方法中出现的问题,提出了高校体育教学考核要充分围绕"以人为本"的育人理念展开,以培养学生终生体育锻炼意识为目的.     

Physical fitness of primary school children in relation to overweight prevalence and physical activity habits

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was carried out to analyse, through a limited number of fitness tests, the main conditioning and coordinative abilities in children aged 8–9 years, and their relationship with gender, anthropometric variables and physical activity habits. The height and weight of 256 boys and 241 girls were measured and information about physical activity habits was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Physical performance was assessed by means of a few standardised tests: ‘sit & reach’, medicine-ball forward throw, standing long jump, 20 m running speed, and forward roll test. In both boys and girls, body weight and Body Mass Index (BMI) were positively correlated with the medicine-ball throw performances and negatively correlated for the standing long jump and speed tests, while no association was found with tests measuring back flexibility and total body coordination. Daily physical activity and participation in sport were not significantly correlated with body weight and BMI, but were positively associated with children's motor performance. The standardised fitness tests selected in the current study have been found to be suitable to identify fitness levels of primary school children. Thanks to their limited number and ease of measurement, they can be used in any school context to classify children and for monitoring the effects of targeted interventions promoting physical activity.     

“一个主体,两个分支”的太极拳发展格局探析

为使太极拳发展抓住时代赋予的新机遇,走出当前的困境,首先分析了武术主管部门主抓的太极拳和民间拳师开展的太极拳存在的主要问题,最后针对问题提出了太极拳整体发展"一个主体,两个分支"的新格局。"一个主体"即追求"以巧斗力"的"技击之道"的太极拳主脉;"两个分支"即健身养生类太极拳、艺术展现类太极拳。前者的具体发展策略是首先实现现代转型,然后立足于青少年群体打造精品赛事,并进入专业院校和各级普通学校,成为专业课程和学校武术的主打内容;后者的具体发展策略是分别以健身养生和艺术表现为立足点,建立相应的技术标准,形成相应的技术规范,使其真正服务于大众健身和艺术审美的需要。