Thermoneutral immersion exercise accelerates heart rate recovery: A potential novel training modality

This study compared heart rate recovery (HRR) after incremental maximal exercise performed at the same external power output (P_ext) on dry land ergocycle (DE) vs. immersible ergocycle (IE). Fifteen young healthy participants (30?±?7 years, 13 men and 2 women) performed incremental maximal exercise tests on DE and on IE. The initial P_ext on DE was 25?W and was increased by 25?W/min at a pedalling cadence between 60 and 80?rpm, while during IE immersion at chest level in thermoneutral water (30°C), the initial P_ext deployment was at a cadence of 40?rpm which was increased by 10?rpm until 70?rpm and thereafter by 5?rpm until exhaustion. Gas exchange and heart rate (HR) were measured continuously during exercise and recovery for 5?min. Maximal HR (DE: 176?±?15 vs. IE 169?±?12?bpm) reached by the subjects in the two conditions did not differ (P?>?.05). Parasympathetic reactivation parameters (ΔHR from 10 to 300?s) were compared during the DE and IE HR recovery recordings. During the IE recovery, parasympathetic reactivation in the early phase was more predominant (HRR at Δ10–Δ60?s, P?<?.05), but similar in the late phase (HRR at Δ120–Δ300?s, P?>?.05) when compared to the DE condition. In conclusion, incremental maximal IE exercise at chest level immersion in thermoneutral water accelerates the early phase parasympathetic reactivation compared to DE in healthy young participants.     

Objective and subjective methods for quantifying training load in wheelchair basketball small-sided games

The aim of the present study was to analyse the training load in wheelchair basketball small-sided games and determine the relationship between heart rate (HR)-based training load and perceived exertion (RPE)-based training load methods among small-sided games bouts. HR-based measurements of training load included Edwards’ training load and Stagno’s training impulses (TRIMP_MOD) while RPE-based training load measurements included cardiopulmonary (session RPEres) and muscular (session RPEmus) values. Data were collected from 12 wheelchair basketball players during five consecutive weeks. The total load for the small-sided games sessions was 67.5 ± 6.7 and 55.3 ± 12.5 AU in HR-based training load (Edwards’ training load and TRIMP_MOD), while the RPE-based training loads were 99.3 ± 26.9 (session RPEres) and 100.8 ± 31.2 AU (session RPEmus). Bout-to-bout analysis identified greater session RPEmus in the third [P < 0.05; effect size (ES) = 0.66, moderate] and fourth bouts (P < 0.05; ES = 0.64, moderate) than in the first bout, but other measures did not differ. Mean correlations indicated a trivial and small relationship among HR-based and RPE-based training loads. It is suggested that HR-based and RPE-based training loads provide different information, but these two methods could be complementary because one method could help us to understand the limitations of the other.     

呕心沥血三十年殚精竭虑圆一梦——我的传记文学创作与理论研究

文章论述了作者三十年来呕心沥血从事传记文学采访写作及理论批评和研究的艰辛历程和酸甜苦辣,也总结了传记文学创作和研究的心得体会和经验教训。     

慢性运动性疲劳状态下心脏心钠素内分泌功能的实验研究

采用递增负荷跑台练习,建立运动性疲劳模型;应用血浆放射免疫测定、免疫组织化学、计算机图像分析等方法,观察慢性运动性疲劳状态下血浆心钠含量及心肌组织心钠素表达的改变.结果表明,慢性运动性疲劳可使心脏心钠素内分泌功能降低,表现为血浆心钠素含量和心肌组织心钠素表达减少,不利于运动应激中心脏内分泌功能的发挥.     

运动训练中内皮素与心血管系统关系的综述

为了了解运动训练中内皮素对心血管系统的作用.采用文献资料法论述了内皮素的主要生理作用,综述了国内外有关内皮素与运动训练关系的研究现状及该领域研究中存在的问题.研究表明:适宜强度的有氧耐力运动,可以改善内皮素的释放量进而有利于心血管系统在运动训练中的适应.     

The Subsidized Muse: Government and the Arts in Western Europe and the United States

Using the neo-classical justifications for government support of the arts that Dick Netzer discussed in The Subsidized Muse as a starting point, the article contends that market failure is not an useful concept to understand and explain cultural policies and the degree of government involvement, particularly when viewed from a comparative perspective. The basic fault is that historical- institutional arrangements and the role of non-state actors in the formation of cultural policies are not taken into account. Discussing some aspects of the institutional framework in the development of French, Swedish and U.S. cultural policies, the article concludes with a call for the use of neo-institutionalist perspectives in analyzing government intervention in the arts field.     

高校高水平运动队心肺功能现状及训练对策思考

如何保持高校高水平运动员的良好体能,取得优异成绩,是当前高校运动训练中亟待解决的问题,本文测试了高校若干项目高水平运动队员的心肺功能及有关指标,以了解其体能状况,供改进训练参考。研究结果表明,篮球高水平运动员在每搏量及纵跳两项指标较一般运动员强外,其它大多数指标并不具明显优势。篮球、足球、田径、排球、击剑项目间比较,除足球具明显优势外,其它项目的指标与常人相似,提示目前高校高水平运动员心泵功能并不理想。建议高校运动训练应加大体能训练比重,注重训练的质量;应增加比赛、建立高校水平运动队竟赛制度,并可定期进行生理功能、体能等测试。     

木球运动健身价值的初探

为探讨木球运动的健身价值。对广州体育学院 3 6名学生 (青年组 )和 1 1名中老年木球爱好者 ,进行木球基本技术训练和比赛前后有关生理指标的测试。结果表明 ,青年组在 1 0次控制球和长球练习后 ,心率增加 ,握力下降 ,其变化依次为长球 >控制球 >攻门 ,运动强度达到中等程度。老年组比赛全程心率监测显示每一时段心率均值在 1 0 0～ 1 2 0T/min之间 ,表明木球运动具有良好的健身价值     

女大学生2400m跑──走的教学实验研究

对我院篮球师资队伍现状的年龄结构、职称结构、学历结构等基本情况进行分析。针对本课程教师队伍面临的考验和存在问题 ,提出适应高等教育改革 ,完善我院篮球师资队伍建设的思考与对策。     

优秀田径运动员心率变异性分析

目的:分析优秀田径运动员心率变异性(HRV)特征,为HRV在运动员选材、机能评定等应用提供理论依据。方法:选取江苏省专业运动队优秀田径运动员和普通健康人各25名进行连续5min心电图时域和频域记录获得HRV指标,以普通健康人为对照分析优秀田径运动员HRV特征。结果:(1)女运动员VLF低于男运动员(P<0.05),其余指标无性别差异。(2)优秀田径运动员SDNN、RMSSD、PNN50、TP、HF、VLF均高于普通健康人(P<0.05或P<0.01);LF、LF/HF二者无差异(P>0.05)。结论:(1)优秀田径运动员自主神经活性和迷走神经的紧张性没有性别差异,安静时男性运动员拥有较高的交感神经张力。(2)优秀田径运动员安静时比普通健康人拥有更强的心脏自主神经活性、更高的迷走神经紧张性和交感神经兴奋性,迷走和交感神经均衡性无差异。