不同项目运动员大腿伸、屈肌群面积与髋关节屈伸力矩的相关研究

通过对运动员股四头肌、股后肌群不同断面面积及髋关节屈伸力矩的测量,探索不同项目运动员大腿肌肉不同断面的面积大小与髋关节屈伸力量相关的内在规律。肌肉横断面积采用螺旋CT进行断层扫描,影像分析采用MoticImagesAdvanced3.0测试系统软件,力量测试采用美国Cybex-Norm等速测力系统,数据处理采用SPSS8.0软件。结果表明:1)运动员股四头肌、股后肌群不同断面面积与髋关节屈伸力矩的相关性主要体现在大腿的中、上段,髋关节屈时的相关以上段为主,伸时的相关以上、中段为主。2)足球运动员在中、高速运动左髋屈时,其屈肌的力量与大腿上段肌肉的横断面积密切相关,而右侧在低、高速也具有同样的相关;而足球运动员在中、高速运动左髋伸时,其伸肌的力量与大腿中段肌肉的横断面积密切相关。速滑运动员的相关性以右侧伸肌相关最明显。     

武术运动中用胯规律的研究

本从腿的摆动、步型、步法和发力等方面，对胯关节在武术运动中的作用和运动方式、方法进行探讨。     

百米途中跑腾空技术的生物力学分析

许多研究表明，现代短跑途中跑技术更强调的是“快速伸髋”和“积极着地”技术。现运用生物力学原理，对短跑途中跑腾空阶段前后摆动腿的后伸、后摆、前摆、下压着地技术及腾空过程中的仲髋技术对跑速的影响进行了分析。     

老年颈骨骨折的不同手术治疗方式临床对比分析

目的:对老年颈骨骨折的不同手术治疗方式进行临床对比分析。方法:根据某医院2012年3月到2013年2月治疗的100例老年颈骨骨折患者的临床资料进行临床分析判断,其中20例使用的是保守治疗的方法,关节置换组有31例,其中10例为全髓关节置换,剩余的都是使用人工双极头进行置换,使用的均是骨水泥假体,DHS组25例,针对其手术时间、输血量、术后并发症、术后卧床时间各项因素进行对比发现。结论:和半髓置换相对比,尽管全髓置换手术时间较长,术中出血量也相对较多,但是术后的并发症明显减少了,所以在治疗中国老年移位型颈骨折上,全髓置换术要优于半髓置换术,在患者身体条件允许的情况下应首选全髓置换术。     

"髋、踝"在速滑新技术中的作用及专门性训练方法

通过对髋、踝部的生理位置、结构的分析研究,结合克莱普新冰刀的性能及技术特点,对髋、踝关节在速度滑冰新技术中的作用及适合新技术特点的专门性训练方法加以探究。指出良好的送髋、展踝技术对滑跑的滑步长、步频和蹬冰幅度及爆发力蹬冰效果具有积极的作用和影响,并提出一些适合新技术特点的髋、踝部专门肌肉群力量训练的方法。     

试论投掷运动员髋关节训练的重要性

在投掷技术中 ,髋关节不仅是重要的组成部分 ,而且更是核心技术 ,在教学和训练中要依据其生理特点 ,高度重视髋关节的训练 ,提高髋关节训练的比重关系和训练质量。     

A biomechanical comparison in the lower limb and lumbar spine between a hit and drag flick in field hockey

Research has revealed that field hockey drag flickers have greater odds of hip and lumbar injuries compared to non-drag flickers (DF). This study aimed to compare the biomechanics of a field hockey hit and a specialised field hockey drag flick. Eighteen male and seven female specialised hockey DF performed a hit and a drag flick in a motion analysis laboratory with an 18-camera three-dimensional motion analysis system and a calibrated multichannel force platform to examine differences in lower limb and lumbar kinematics and kinetics. Results revealed that drag flicks were performed with more of a forward lunge on the left lower limb resulting in significantly greater left ankle dorsiflexion, knee, hip and lumbar flexion (Ps<0.001) compared to a hit. Drag flicks were also performed with significantly greater lateral flexion (P < 0.002) and rotation of the lumbar spine (P < 0.006) compared to a hit. Differences in kinematics lead to greater shear, compression and tensile forces in multiple left lower limb and lumbar joints in the drag flick compared to the hit (P < 0.05). The biomechanical differences in drag flicks compared to a hit may have ramifications with respect to injury in field hockey drag flickers.     

Lower limb muscle activity during table tennis strokes

This study aimed to compare the muscle activity of lower limbs across typical table tennis strokes. Fourteen high-level players participated in this study in which five typical strokes (backhand top, forehand top, forehand spin, forehand smash, flick) were analysed. Surface electromyography activity (EMG) of eight muscles was recorded (gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, gastrocnemius medialis, gastrocnemius lateralis, soleus) and normalised to the maximal activity measured during squat jump or isometric maximal voluntary contractions. The forehand spin, the forehand top and the forehand smash exhibited significant higher EMG amplitude when compared with other strokes. Both biceps femoris and gluteus maximus were strongly activated during the smash, forehand spin and forehand top (from 62.8 to 91.7% of maximal EMG activity). Both vastii and rectus femoris were moderately to strongly activated during the forehand spin (from 50.4 to 62.2% of maximal EMG activity) whereas gastrocnemii and soleus exhibited the highest level of activity during the smash (from 67.1 to 92.1% of maximal EMG activity). Our study demonstrates that offensive strokes, such as smash or forehand top, exhibit higher levels of activity than other strokes.     

论"髋"在短跑、跳跃中的作用与训练

通过对髋部的生理位置、结构的研究,结合中外优秀男子短跑、跳远运动员在途中跑、起跳阶段的数据分析,指出了良好的送髋技术对跑的步长、步频的影响,及对跳远着板、蹬伸的积极作用,并介绍了髋部的一些训练方法。     

局域网扩展技术的选择与分析

随着网络技术的不断普及,当今计算机网络的规模越来越大,节点数目越来越多,网络分布的地理区域越来越大,传统局域网技术已经不能满足网络建设的需要。本文着重介绍了中等以上规模的局域网建设中采用的重点技术手段并分析了他们的特点。