尤努斯小额贷款模式对我国助学贷款的启示

国家助学贷款是匡扶社会正义和维护教育公平的最好举措。扶贫助困是助学贷款的终极目标,相信贫困学子能偿还贷款是其基本信条,而符合其特征的模式构建和制度设计是其关键环节,通过政府、银行、学校和社会的共同努力,可以让更多的贫困学子享受高等教育的阳光和助学贷款的雨露。     

可宥性事由：体育竞赛“越轨”行为出罪的又一考量因素

可宥性事由源于英美刑事诉讼中的可抗辩事由,与正当化事由联袂构成行为出罪理论的基石。与正当化事由不同,可宥性事由已经僭越了法定的行为正当化条件,行为的违法性首先被肯定,只是在责任归属上寻求宽恕性处理。引入可宥性事由,可丰富体育竞赛行为入罪和出罪的相关内容,便于司法统一判定。分析认为,体育竞赛行为可宥性事由成立,要满足体育赛事本身具有合法性和正规性、主体仅针对运动员、行为局限于体育竞赛行为、违法目的“单纯”性、行为以“反规则”为前提等条件。入罪和出罪的类型化有利于定罪和量刑的规范化,分别对竞技伤害行为、滥用兴奋剂行为、假球等竞赛舞弊行为适用可宥性事由予以出罪抑或减轻处罚的情形进行具体分析。最后,指出体育竞赛运动员可宥性事由行为入罪不能忽视运动员自由保障的理念,且尽量避免选择性刑事司法。     

试论罗尔斯《正义论》与当代政治哲学主题的转换

罗尔斯作为公平的正义理论以原初状态为正义原则选择的环境,以社会最少受惠者的生活前景为正义选择的参照点,批判了功利主义,超越了古典自由主义,突出地解决了平等问题,让自由主义的主题从自由转向平等,从而让政治哲学的主题也发生了相应的转换。     

从邱兴华案审视我国的司法精神病鉴定制度

2006年倍受关注的邱兴华杀人案自从进入了刑事司法程序之后，围绕着要不要给邱兴华做司法精神病鉴定的问题．在精神病专家、法学家、律师及普通民众之间展开了激烈的争论，一度使得该案扑朔迷离。而最终未被做司法精神病鉴定的邱兴华于2006年12月28日被执行了死刑。在关注此案的进展中，看到了我国司法精神病鉴定制度存在的问题，从我国司法精神病鉴定的现状出发，对我国的司法精神病鉴定制度提出了改革的建议。     

浅析刑事审判理念

刑事审判理念是存在于刑事审判主体思维间、贯穿于审判全过程的一种观念,它通过其持有者的思想行为而影响审判实践。故其对审判活动的终极目标———审判公正的实现具有重要的作用。就目前的中国国情来说,现代刑事审判理念的确立应当包括法律至上并尊重民意、客观真实与法律真实并存、普遍正义与个案正义并存和审判独立、中立与庭审中心并存等理念。     

公共行政工具性价值和终极性价值的整合与统一

公共行政作为实践活动必须有价值参照和支撑。效率、公平作为公共行政的工具性价值在公共行政百余年的发展历程中发挥着重要作用。而公共行政的终极价值关切即目的性价值为社会发展和公共幸福。公共行政价值的理想状态则为二者在形下和形上层面的有机统一。     

Turning in or tuning out? Listening to silences in education for critical political consciousness

What happens when a team of university education researchers initiates a social justice learning project in a local high school, and – despite the overall project’s considerable successes in cultivating students’ critical political ‘voice’ – is confounded by the periodic, apparent ‘silences’ of some of its young female students? Drawing on eight years of fieldwork in a groundbreaking high school social justice education classroom, this article examines the presumptions inherent in certain forms of social justice pedagogy, and the ways in which ensuing classroom disjunctures may, in fact, lead to deeper insights about education for youth critical social consciousness. The article focuses on two, interrelated issues: the unsettling and sometimes confounding ‘silences’ of female students and the correlation between such silences and social justice educators’ attenuated ability to recognize and support the myriad ways in which minority female students may encounter, negotiate, and articulate their own particular forms of Freirian conscientización.     

Framing of transitional pedagogic practices in the sciences: enabling access

Educational literature shows that students from working-class backgrounds are significantly less likely to persist to completion in higher education than middle-class students. This paper draws theoretically and analytically on Bernstein’s ([1990. Class, Codes and Control, Volume IV: The Structuring of Pedagogic Discourse. London: Routledge; 2000. Pedagogy, Symbolic Control, and Identity: Theory, Research, Critique. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield]) thesis that, through differential framing of pedagogic practices, the curriculum has capacity to accommodate all groups of students. Pedagogic practices in both a science foundation course and four first-year mainstream science courses in a higher education institution in the South African context are examined. Whilst the foundation course exhibits modalities that generally favour access, the mainstream courses have some modalities that appear to be constraining. It is argued from a social justice perspective that holistic curriculum transformations that better enable epistemic transitions are an urgent imperative, and that consideration of differential framing of pedagogic modalities offer a close-up empirical means of conceptualising such reforms.     

Social justice,capabilities and the quality of education in low income countries

The paper sets out a theoretical approach for understanding the quality of education in low income countries from a social justice perspective. The paper outlines and critiques the two dominant approaches that currently frame the debate about education quality, namely, the human capital and human rights approaches. Drawing principally on the ideas of Nancy Fraser and Amyarta Sen the paper then sets out an alternative approach based on a theory of social justice and of capabilities. The paper develops an overall understanding of how education quality can be understood in relation to the extent to which it fosters key capabilities that individuals, communities and society in general have reason to value. It then analyses three inter-related dimensions of the quality of education from a social justice perspective. Each dimension is considered in relation to contemporary policy debates and research including the work of EdQual. The first dimension, that of inclusion draws attention to the access of different groups of learners to quality inputs that facilitate the development of their capabilities, the cultural and institutional barriers that impact on the learning of different groups and priorities for overcoming these. The second dimension, that of relevance, is concerned with the extent to which the outcomes of education are meaningful for all learners, valued by their communities and consistent with national development priorities in a changing global context, whilst the third dimension, that of democracy considers how decisions about education quality are governed and the nature of participation in debates at the local, national and global levels. It is argued that a social justice framework can provide an alternative rationale for a policy emphasis on quality that encompasses but goes beyond that provided by human capital and rights approaches; that through emphasising the importance of context and through providing a normative basis for thinking about quality in relation to development, it provides a useful starting point for re-conceptualising education quality and how it can be evaluated; and, that it draws attention to the central importance of public dialogue and debate at the local, national and global levels about the nature of a quality education and quality frameworks at these levels.     

农村纠纷调解中的村治逻辑——对浙东先锋村的政治人类学考察

农村纠纷调解机制嵌入在乡村治理实践的结构性变迁之中,并随着乡村治理逻辑的演变而发生相应变化。对浙东先锋村纠纷调解实践变迁的政治人类学考察表明,20世纪90年代中后期以来,受日益彰显的乡村治理性危机的影响,农村基层组织逐步开始更多地使用策略性调解手段,放弃了对地方性文化共识中纠纷调解规范的严格遵守,而且纠纷调解越来越重视暂时性＂息讼＂协议的达成,其实践呈现出越来越复杂的发展态势。后税费时代,富人当政之后的农村纠纷调解仍然存在类似的问题,治理权力严重受限的农村基层组织不得不采取以现代法律为内在基准,以面子、人情和金钱等可控资源为策略性调解手段的办法来解决村民纠纷。而农村纠纷调解的依附性对当前农村基层组织的发展提出了重要挑战。