急性运动心肌缺氧对大鼠心肌纤维和线粒体膜结构及功能的影响??

采用递增负荷耗竭运动模型为急性缺氧应激源，观察了ＳＤ大鼠急性运动至力竭后心肌组织和线粒体膜过氧化脂质含量，线粒体内膜ＮＡＤＨ－ＣｏＱ还原酶活性变化和心肌纤维和线粒体超微结构。结果表明，心肌能量需求过高性缺氧应激后大鼠心肌组织匀浆和线粒体膜过氧化脂含量分别增高１４０．９％和３９．４％（Ｐ＜０．０１和Ｐ＜０．０５），线粒体内膜ＮＡＤＨ－ＣｏＱ还原酶活性降低６１．６％（Ｐ＜０．０５），心肌纤维和线粒体超微结构呈缺氧损伤性改变。研究提示，急性运动缺氧应激后心肌组织和心肌线粒体膜结构变化与脂质过氧化作用增强有关     

Science Letters： Solid lipid nanoparticles loading adefovir dipivoxil for antiviral therapy

Herein, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) were proposed as a new drug delivery system for adefovir dipivoxil (ADV). The octadecylamine-fluorescein isothiocynate (ODA-FITC) was synthesized and used as a fluorescence maker to be incorporated into SLN to investigate the time-dependent cellular uptake of SLN by HepG2.2.15. The SLN of monostearin with ODA-FITC or ADV were prepared by solvent diffusion method in an aqueous system. About 15wt% drug entrapment efficiency (EE) and 3wt% drug loading (DL) could be reached in SLN loading ADV. Comparing with free ADV, the inhibitory effects of ADV loaded in SLN on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels in vitro were significantly enhanced.     

基于酶标仪测定的斯氏油脂酵母发酵产油脂条件优化研究

以斯氏油脂酵母为研究对象,利用苏丹黑B染色和全自动酶标仪分光光度法测定细胞内油脂含量。通过监测发酵过程中苏丹黑B染色后的OD_{最大吸收峰}值、菌体密度、发酵液还原糖含量的变化,探讨氮源、碳氮比和接种量对斯氏油脂酵母发酵产油脂量的影响。结果表明,发酵产油脂的最佳氮源为硫酸铵,最佳碳氮比为66∶1,最佳接种量为10%。     

Toxicology and free radicals scavenging property of Tamra bhasma

Free radicals are implicated in various chronic diseases. There has always been a search for new antioxidants. In this paper we have investigated Tamra bhasma, a metallic ayurvedic preparation. It is a time-tested medicine in Ayurveda and is in clinical use for various ailments specifically the free radical mediated diseases. Our results show that Tamra bhasma inhibits lipid peroxidation (LPO), prevents the rate of aerial oxidation of reduced glutathione (GSH) content and induces the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in rat liver homogenate in the bi-phasic manner. The drug was orally given for 7, 15 and 30 days in different doses. Best protective response was found at the dose of 0.5mg/100g body weight in albino rats, although it showed some histopathological changes at the dose of 20mg/100g body weight. The results suggest that this Ayurvedic preparation is not merely a source of copper metal, but it is a strong anti-oxidant with no detectable adverse effect in lower doses of therapeutic range.     

Lipid peroxides,vitamin E levels and glutathione peroxidase activity in serum of respiratory disease patients

The concentration of serum lipid peroxides, tocopherol and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was measured in 75 patients (43 males and 32 females) of different respiratory diseases aged 15–40 years. The results were compared with the values obtained from 100 healthy persons of comparabie age. The patients of respiratory diseases showed elevated levels of lipid peroxides with concomitant reduction of tocopherol and glutathione peroxidase activity. When these patients were categorised into different groups depending on the type of the disease like pulmonary tuberculosis (PT), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PT and COPD) and suppurative lung disease (SLD). There was no significant difference between the groups. A significant inverse relation was found between lipid peroxides versus tocopherol and glutathione peroxidase activity in patients of respiratory diseases. The results suggest the involvement of lipid peroxidation process in pulmonary damage.     

Antioxidant activity ofcurculigo orchioides in carbon tetrachloride—induced hepatopathy in rats

In this study antioxidant activity of methanol extract of rhizomes ofCurculigo orchioides (MEC) was investigated using carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-intoxicated rat liver as the experimental model. The hepatotoxic rats were administered MEC for 90 days (daily, orally at the dose of 70 mg per kg body weight). Lipid peroxidation (LPO) in CCl₄-intoxicated rats was evidenced by a marked increment in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and diene conjugates (CD), and also a distinct diminution in glutathione (GSH) content in the liver. In CCl₄+MEC—treated rats these biochemical parameters attained an almost normal level. The decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GRD) in CCl₄—intoxicated rats, and its retrieval towards near normalcy in CCl₄+MEC—administered rats revealed the efficacy of MEC in combating oxidative stress due to hepatic damage. Elevated level of glutathione transferase(GTS) observed in hepatotoxic rats too showed signs of retuming towards normalcy in MEC co-administered animals, thus corroborating the antioxidant efficacy of MEC. The findings provide a rationale for further studies on isolation of active principles and its pharmacological evaluation.     

Effect of immobilisation stress on lipid peroxidation and lipid profile in rabbits

Stress is one of the basic factors in the aetiology of a number of diseases such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, aging, liver disease etc. Hence this work was designed to study the effect of stress in the form of forced immobilisation stress on lipid peroxidation and lipid profile in rabbits. The study was conducted in 25 healthy rabbits of either sex. Rabbits were subjected to forced immobilisation for two hours everyday for consecutive seven days. Blood samples were collected on day 1, 3 and 7 after immobilisation period. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation was estimated by TBA assay method. Lipid profile was analysed by multichannel autoanalyser. There was statistically significant increase in MDA, total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and triglycerides with immobilisation. These findings indicate that stress in the form of forced immobilisation increases lipid peroxidation and alter lipid profile, which may be responsible for pathophysiology of various diseases.     

冠心病患者和正常人血脂与心率变异性频域指标关系的研究

目的：分析冠心病患者和正常人血脂水平与心率变异频域指标及自主神经活动的关系。方法：对71例确诊的冠心病患者和96例正常人行24h动态心电图并采空腹血查血脂，分别比较两类人群中高胆固醇血症组与正常胆固醇组心率变异频域指标VLF、LF、HF、LF／HF的差异，并用多元逐步回归分析血脂各值与心率变异的相关性。结果：高胆固醇血症组与正常胆固醇组相比，冠心病患者中HF值显著降低（P＜0．05），而LF／HF值显著增高（P＜0．01）；正常人亦有高胆固醇血症组HF值较低而F/HF值较高的趋势，但无统计学差异。多元逐步回归分析中，冠心病患者HF与TC呈负相关，LF／HF则与TC、LDL呈正相关；正常人中LF／HF亦与TC呈正相关。结论：冠心病患者和正常人中血脂水平均与心率变异及自主神经活动存在一定的相关性。胆固醇增高者交感与迷走神经平衡性失调，交感神经活性相对较高而迷走神经活性相对较低。     

Study of oxidative stress and enzymatic antioxidants in normal pregnancy

Pregnancy is a physiological state accompanied by a high-energy demand and an increased oxygen requirement. Augmented levels of oxidative stress would be expected because of the increased intake and utilization of oxygen. Evidence of increased oxidative stress in normal pregnancy in comparison with nonpregnant controls was estimated by measuring Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), enzymatic antioxidants like Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase, Glutathione reductase and catalase. It was observed that pregnant women were more susceptible to oxidative damage than non-pregnants as indicated by increased TBARS and decreased antioxidants.     

Correlation of serum retinol and its relation with lipid prolile in Indian cancer patients

The present study was undertaken to investigate the relation of retinol with lipid profile of patients with cancers of breast, stomach, oesophagus, colon, gallbladder, pancreas, lung and cervix. Serum retinol was assayed in 120 patients and 40 healthy normal control by reverse phase HPLC using CLC-ODS C-18 columns and retinyl acetate as an internal standard. Significant decease in serum cholesterol and LDL was observed in patients with cancers of esophagus, colon, stomach, pancreas and gallbladder respectively. Retinol was reduced in all forms of cancers but pronounced decrease was observed in oesophagus, gallbladder, pancreas, stomach and colon. Serum Retinol in all patients was directly correlated with total cholesterol and LDL. These findings suggest that therapeutic modalities of this vitamin could be planned for these patients, as vitamin A is known to act as an antioxidant for prevention of certain cancers.