我国女排运动员年龄、体重、身高和弹跳特征--兼析我国女排现状

以2001年步步高无绳电话杯全国女子排球联赛各俱乐部队员为主要研究对象,对其年龄、体重、身高和弹跳素质进行数理统计分析.揭示我国女排联赛中成绩优异的俱乐部中运动员身体形态的基本特征,为各俱乐部能取得更优异的战绩提供部分参考依据.     

女子三级跳远三跳起跳技术的生物力学评价

本文建立了一个适合于评价三级跳远技术水平的系统评价框图,并根据这个框图设计了一个决定三级跳远效果的生物力学参数系统。利用这个系统分析和评价了当代女子三级跳远亚洲纪录保持者李惠荣的三级跳远技术(所用技术影片是在1989年全国田径冠军赛上用LOCAM型高速摄影机以每秒100幅的速度扫描拍摄的),并通过与男子三级跳远运动员的技术特征的比较,找出了其技术上的优势和不足,并就如何改进和完善其三跳技术提出了一份系统而直观的研究报告。同时为女子三级跳远的再研究提供了可供借鉴的研究方法。     

含金银负载炭的解吸及金银分离

对含金4-5g／kg、含银7g/kg的负载炭用碱性醇溶液进行解吸，金银的解吸率都能达到98％以上，解吸液用电解槽进行电沉积，金的电解率达99％以上，银的电解率达98％以上。电积到钢棉上的金银泥用化学方法进行分离，金泥经熔炼后得合质金，银泥熔炼后可得98％的银锭。     

Comparison of the force-, velocity-, and power-time curves recorded with a force plate and a linear velocity transducer

This study aimed to correlate, compare, and determine the reliability of force, velocity, and power values collected with a force plate (FP) and a linear transducer during loaded jumps. Twenty-three swimmers performed an incremental loading test at 25, 50, 75, and 100% of their own body weight on a FP. A linear velocity transducer (LVT) was attached to the bar to assess the peak and the mean values of force, velocity, and power. Both the peak variables (r = 0.94 – 0.99 for peak force, r = 0.83 – 0.91 for peak velocity, and r = 0.90–0.94 for peak power; p < 0.001) and the mean variables (r = 0.96–0.99 for mean force, r = 0.87–0.89 for mean velocity, and r = 0.93–0.96 for mean power; p < 0.001) were strongly correlated between both measurement tools. Differences in the shape of the force-, velocity-, and power-time curves were observed. The LVT data showed a steeper increase in these variables at the beginning of the movement, while the FP recorded larger values in the latter part. Peak values were more reliable than mean values. These results suggest that the LVT is a valid tool for the assessment of loaded squat jump.     

Kinematic and kinetic analyses of the toes in dance movements

Due to the significant amount of time dancers spend on the forefoot, loads on the metatarsophalangeal joints are likely high, yet vary between dance movements. The purpose of this study was to compare joint motion and net joint moments at the metatarsophalangeal joints during three different dance movements ranging in demands at the foot and ankle joints. Ten healthy, female dancers (27.6 ± 3.2 years; 56.3 ± 6.9 kg; 1.6 ± 0.1 m) with an average 21.7 ± 4.9 years of dance training performed relevés (rising up onto the toes), sautés (vertical bipedal jumps), and saut de chat leaps (split jumps involving both vertical and horizontal components). Metatarsophalangeal joint kinematics and kinetics in the sagittal plane were calculated. Total excursion and peak net joint moments during rising or push-off were compared between the three dance movements. Greater extension of the metatarsophalangeal joints was seen during relevés compared to sautés or saut de chat leaps, and the largest metatarsophalangeal net joint moments were seen during saut de chat leaps. The metatarsophalangeal joints frequently and repetitively manage external loads and substantial metatarsophalangeal extension during these three dance movements, which may contribute to the high rate of foot and ankle injuries in dancers.     

普通高等院校高水平跳跃运动员实施助力训练的研究

为提高跳跃运动员成绩,提高训练的实效性,训练中针对运动成绩出现的"高原现象",依据田径跳跃项目的训练特点,制定一些助力训练法.以普通高等院校高水平运动员为实验对象,在实验训练中尝试了这些助力训练法,发现对提高运动员的专项成绩起到了积极作用.     

避免英汉文化陷阱:截然相反的国俗语义

本文针对英汉词语的国俗语义差异性这一问题,选择了五对在国俗语义上截然相反的案例进行了对比分析,并从对比分析中得到了一些启示。我们认为无论是外语教学、语际翻译,还是跨文化方面的工作,这样的对比研究都是有益的。     

V波段三维数值模拟研究介质加载梯形慢波结构

文章研究了介质加载梯形慢波结构V波段的热腔特性。在耦合槽和间隙处进行介质加载,降低主模的相速和改善色散特性。利用CST仿真该慢波结构,获得色散曲线以及耦合阻抗。在此基础上,利用CST粒子工作室对其注波互作用特性进行模拟研究。研究表明:V波段介质加载梯形线毫米波行波管对微波信号能够有效放大,频谱纯净。     

中外优秀竞技健美操运动员跳跃类难度动作的比较

对第10~11届世界健美操锦标赛我国与世界各项前3名运动员成套动作中所选的跳跃类难度动作进行了分析,结果显示:我国优秀竞技健美操运动员在成套动作中选用的跳跃类难度动作的数量和分值上均高于世界前3名选手;我国优秀竞技健美操运动员选用的跳跃类难度动作类型主要偏重于屈体分腿跳类,动作的完成比世界优秀运动员选用的科萨克跳类的难度大;我国优秀竞技健美操运动员选用的跳跃类难度动作主要分布在整套操的前半套,而世界优秀运动员主要分布在整套操的后半套,这对运动员的专项体能及下肢动力性力量的要求较高,这说明我国优秀竞技健美操运动员与世界优秀运动员相比下肢动力有一定的差距。     

综合性练习对跳跃成绩的影响

在进行垂直跳练习的同时,加之杠铃练习及静力性练习的综合性练习方法比反复进行单一性垂直跳练习对于垂直跳能力的提高有非常显著的效果,对跳跃成绩的提高有明显的影响。