试论我国科学技术的产业化——以方正激光照排机为例简

激光照排机技术的产业化是我国科学技术产业化的典型成功案例，能够反映出科学技术对产业的推动作用，同时也是对我国特色科技产业化道路的有益探索。通过对激光照排机产业化的背景、过程及经验的研究，提出五条有利于我国科学技术产业化的建议。     

亚像素级激光光条提取及其激光平面标定应用(英文)

为了标定激光平面以实现三维形貌测量,提出一种亚像素级精度激光光条提取算法.该算法包括两侧边检测和中心线提取2个部分.首先,利用基于主成分角的渐进概率霍夫变换检测2条侧边并依赖该两侧边的距离获取光条宽度;然后,应用二维泰勒展式提取具有亚像素级精度的光条中心线并依据重建的三维坐标标定激光平面.实验结果表明,所提算法光条中心提取速度较快,平均约为78 ms/帧,光条平面共面误差较低,限制在0.3 mm以内.因而所提算法能够满足提取光条的两侧边和中心线的需要,且快速可靠、精度高和抗干扰能力强.     

胃镜活检钳的激光焊接工艺研究

采用波长为1.06μm的Nd:YAG激光器对胃镜活检钳进行焊接,通过调节激光的电流、脉冲宽度、离焦量等工艺参数对其进行精密焊接试验。研究结果表明,影响焊接效果的因素中,脉冲宽度决定了焊缝的凸起程度。通过采用较小激光能量条件下重复焊接两次或者三次这一独特工艺方法来克服激光能量稳定性、工件公差等缺陷,达到很好的焊接效果。     

基于DGS滤波器的低功率整流天线设计

设计了一种基于缺陷地结构(DGS)滤波器的高效率整流天线,可应用于低功率条件下的无线能量传输系统中。鉴于缝隙耦合微带天线具有较宽的阻带特性和高增益,因而被用于整流天线的接收天线,仿真得到该天线的谐振频率为5.8GHz,增益为8.2d B。整流电路采用DGS直通滤波器,以抑制交流信号传输到负载而被消耗。应用高频仿真软件HFSS对天线和滤波器进行仿真设计,应用ADS射频仿真软件对整流天线系统进行了仿真优化。仿真结果表明,该整流天线在3d Bm输入功率条件下,直流-微波转换效率达到了51.8%。     

武钢森吉米尔轧机工作辊光纤激光无序毛化试验

利用JGK6180X60-10型轧辊激光毛化/强化机组开展森吉米尔轧机工作辊激光毛化试验,然后直接在工作辊上观察毛化区域表面形貌、测量毛化区域表面粗糙度,并做相应分析;试验结果表明,该机组能够实现森吉米尔轧机工作辊表面的无序毛化加工。在本试验条件下,当激光光斑轴向点间距小于等于0.03mm时,毛化效果开始呈现出无序状态。     

高功率光纤激光焊接的焊缝形貌

采用IPG5000高功率光纤激光焊接研究了激光工艺参数对焊缝表面形貌的影响,结果表明:当焊接速度较高时,焊缝形貌较差;保持激光功率不变,降低焊接速度,焊缝形貌可以得到一定的改善;降低激光功率的同时降低焊接速度可获得好的焊缝形貌。     

Methods and tools for the classification and cataloging of antique moulds from the collection of the Richard-Ginori factory

This study proposes a procedure for digitally classifying and cataloging moulds which belong to the historic collection of the Ginori porcelain factory in Doccia (Sesto Fiorentino, Italy). In addition to a vast number of antique plaster moulds, this collection includes artistic porcelain artifacts obtained from casting porcelain using the moulds and models made of various materials. The proposed methodology includes two workflows: the first starts with photographic and casting processes conducted recently on various groups of moulds and involves historical surveys for investigating the relationships between the various sets of moulds, the models from which they were derived and the porcelain objects derived from them. The second workflow was applied when no information was available for a set of moulds, and involved 3D scanning of the moulds, with virtual reconstruction of the corresponding model followed by a final art historical survey like that used in the first procedure. 3D scanning techniques and successive model reconstruction can also be applied for obtaining a virtual model in the first process, when the physical model was lost, damaged or never existed. The variety and extent of the Ginori collection suggested the use of a customized Data-Base (DB) and a set of functions designed to manage and extract information, data and archived images. This filing system, called DocciaDigitalArchive (DDA), also makes it possible to specify the relationships between the different typology samples (prototype models, moulds derived from them, handmade porcelain objects produced from these moulds), which are associated when the same subject is portrayed. The DB structure conceived also provides the possibility of incorporating pictures and data of known archetypes. This additional information makes it possible to place each subject in its historical and artistic context. For each sample filed in the DDA system, documentary cards, which summarize data, images, reports and links to other entities or samples connected to the subject consulted, can be viewed on a suitable interface.     

Femtosecond laser cleaning of historical paper with sizing

Lasers have served as cleaning tools for historical objects and artworks for about 40 years. In many cases, superior results of laser cleaning were achieved with respect to traditional methods. In this technique, contaminations on the surface of the object are ablated by laser irradiation. In order to apply laser cleaning method to fragile materials such as paper made of cellulose or parchment, heat deposition to the bulk should be minimal, to prevent damage. In this work, it is demonstrated that laser pulses with femtosecond (fs) duration can exhibit non-thermal ablation of contaminants on paper samples. In particular, laser cleaning studies are concentrated on paper samples with sizing. Fs laser cleaning is performed on artificially soiled and aged samples, as well as on historical ones. The laser used in the experiments has pulse duration of 550 fs and 1030 nm center wavelength. The fluence of the laser is varied and the post-cleaning statuses of samples are investigated. The analyses are color changes, fiber integrity, chemical composition changes and mechanical strengths. These results show that fs lasers can be very efficient in cleaning paper samples, yielding minimal discoloration and no damage to fibers distinguishable on microscopic examination. The presence of sizing also provides further protection against possible side effects.     

基于LM3S811单片机的LED点光源跟踪系统的设计

以TI公司的超低功耗MCU LM3S811单片机为核心控制器,设计并制作了一个LED点光源自动跟踪系统.LM3S811计算出位置误差后,采用PI控制算法处理,以驱动减速电机跟踪点光源.经过实际场景测试,当点光源支架沿着圆周和直线缓慢平稳移动限定的角度和距离时,该系统均能使激光笔在左右和上下移动方向上快速、连续地实现LED点光源的跟踪.     

基于GIS的三维管线激光扫描建模专题研究

"加强供电质量和供电服务水平,实现供电管理系统可视化、精细化、深层化"是电力部门工作方向总体方针。三维仿真电网设备模型是实现管理可视化、精细化的基础,如何更好更快速的建立高仿真电力设备模型是电力部门一直在研究的课题。本文以"基于GIS的激光扫描建模"和"精细化模型与GIS可视化数据深层应用"两个方面讨论广州供电局供电可视化、精细化管理解决问题的方法;从广州局三维GIS系统建设现状出发,探讨解决建立高仿真三维模型的困难。通过现有科技手段,提出实施办法,建立高仿真三维模型库,完善集成各电网系统的数据接口,为广州供电局供电信息化管理提供科学的方法。