无法弥合的裂隙——《呼兰河传》的文本症候

作家创作文学作品时,在意识和无意识的相互作用影响下,往往会使作品产生一些错位、悖逆和反常等症候。《呼兰河传》作为一部经典作品,作者试图借助文本来投射自己的生命感悟和情感体验,表现自我精神世界中的恋乡情结。萧红在抒发对故乡的情感时,不由地陷入了话语流的现象,导致情感和内容的不协调,进而造成了作者现实诉求和记忆的矛盾。     

用密度梯度离心法富集源于小鼠胚胎干细胞的运动神经元样细胞前体

目的:我们的目标是从源于胚胎体(EBs)的小鼠胚胎干细胞(mESCs)中分离运动神经元样细胞前体(MNLCPs),以用于发展针对运动神经元疾病的药物筛选试验和移植疗法.天然Shh蛋白(或Shh通路激动剂)和维甲酸诱导的胚胎体中,MNLCPs和未分化细胞的含量是不确定的.如果不把未分化的细胞从细胞培养中充分去除,其可能会干涉药物筛选试验或在移植后增生.我们开发了一种以密度梯度离心法为基础的富集MNLCPs的方法.方法:我们用Wichterle等人2008年改进的方法,将mESCs( HBG3:eGFP:HB9)扩大和分化.通过化学和酶学的无研磨处理,含有绿色荧光蛋白的MNLCPs和未分化细胞的胚胎体被小心轻轻地离解成单细胞.利用OptiprepTM8％～20％逐步梯度离心技术将MNLCPs回收.拥有绿色荧光蛋白的MNLCPs的含量由流式细胞仪检测.结果:我们的结果表明,在胚胎体形成前,mESCs在明胶包被的培养板上生长,其分化为MNLCPs的能力减少.比较mESCs在明胶,明胶与PMEFs,及PMEFs包被的培养板上的生长发现,mESCs在PMEFs包被的培养板上产生含绿色荧光蛋白的MNLCPs的得率为(54.1±11.0)％(x-±s;n=12),在明胶包被的培养板上的得率为(2.8±1.1)％(x-±s;n=9).用密度梯度离心法获得的含绿色荧光蛋白的MNLCPs的平均含量为(87.7±5.5)％(x-±s;n=3).结论:我们的数据表明,不使用细胞分选器,无研磨解离和密度梯度离心法也能用于富集具有高存活率的MNLCPs.有必要对MNLCPs在体外、体内和表型上进行进一步的生理学意义(如神经轴突的生长及形成神经肌肉接头的能力)上的鉴定.     

我国机动车交易中的物权变动规则分析

我国机动车交易物权的变动,在《物权法》出台之前,主要依据是《民法通则》第72条和《合同法》第133条。2007年出台《物权法》之后,主要依据就是《物权法》第23条和第24条。但我国《物权法》第24条对于机动车等特殊动产的物权变动进行了登记对抗的特殊规定,这使得理论界和实务界对机动车交易的物权变动是交付生效还是登记生效认识模糊且争议不断。事实上,自《民法通则》到《合同法》再到《物权法》,我国法律关于机动车交易的物权变动一直认可的是交付生效主义,主张登记生效主义的观点纯属对法条的误解。而所谓登记对抗主义的模式也没有存在的必要和理论基础。     

Problem solving in mathematics: the significance of visualisation and related working memory

The importance of educational psychologists’ (EPs’) skills to the formulation of evidence-based educational strategies, as well as in response to learning difficulties, is demonstrated here in relation to mathematical problem solving. Initiatives to improve the link between mathematical skills from school to everyday life have drawn significantly on problem solving tasks. Through critical evaluation of research, the relevance of visualisation methods and working memory to problem solving is considered within this article. Studies suggest that differences exist in the effectiveness of particular visualisation methods, but that training can improve their utility and thereby problem solving performance. Additionally, differences between individuals and contexts can influence visualisation use, and some pupils experience specific difficulties in this area. Recommendations are made to enhance the teaching of visualisation as a strategy for problem solving, and to support those pupils with specific difficulties.     

What characterizes children nominated as gifted by teachers? A closer consideration of working memory and intelligence

Teacher nominations are often used in school settings to identify gifted children. However, although high intelligence is part of almost all definitions of giftedness, prior research has consistently shown that not all children nominated as gifted by teachers have high intelligence. In order to further understand the characteristics of these students, we herein explore the role of another cognitive construct, namely working memory (WM). In a sample comprising N = 81 fourth graders, both WM and intelligence showed the same predictive value for characterizing teacher-nominated gifted children, pointing to the importance of the thus-far-unattended WM for characterizing these students.     

分数跳－扩散模型的标准回望期权定价

文章以看涨期权为例探讨了分数跳－扩散模型的标准回望期权定价问题,其中 H∈（12,1）,并给出了定价公式。     

论经验性的作者*--从神学诗学角度下的探讨

神学诗学对文学的考察一直颇受学界的关注。从神学诗学中的时间概念入手,首先通过“经验性”这一特质来说明作者存在的局限性,然后引入“记忆”的概念着重探讨作者的经验性,最后通过对文学作品《追忆似水年华》中的经验性层面的呈现来更好地论证作者的经验性。对作者之为“经验性的人”的论证,有利于更好地去把握文本的内在意蕴。     

Relationship of executive functioning and memory to autism symptomology and adaptive functioning: Implications for reducing future underemployment

Understanding the relationship between executive functioning and its connection to working memory and adaptive functioning can inform planning and employment efforts. This study explored the relationship between memory and adaptive functioning with a sample of Autistic youths/young adults. Participant mean age was 21.3 (SD = 3.0). Of the 22 participants, 17 were male, and 19 white, non-Hispanic/Latina/o/x. All but one lived with their parent(s). Participants were administered a full battery assessing cognitive ability (WAIS-IV), memory and executive functioning (WMS-IV and DKEFS), autism symptomatology (ADOS-II), and adaptive functioning (SIB-R). A multivariate lasso regression model was used. Memory, especially as measured on the WMS-IV, was found to be significantly related to adaptive functioning and autism symptomatology. There appears to be continuing evidence that memory is highly related to adaptive functioning and autism symptomatology. Interventions involving auditory and immediate memory could be helpful in promoting more mutually effective social interactions necessary for positive employment outcomes.     

发育协调障碍儿童运动干预研究进展

发育协调障碍(DCD)是一种常见的神经发育问题,常见于儿童。DCD儿童具有显著的认知缺陷和不及同龄儿童的身体机能水平。当前对于DCD儿童的运动干预并没有明确的方案。通过介绍DCD研究的发展过程,分析DCD儿童的认知特征和身体机能水平,展示当前常见的运动干预手段,并为运动干预研究提供建议,有助于今后相关研究的开展。