论詹姆士的重效果思想与中国传统的重名思想

姆士提出,实用主义方法是一种确定方向的态度,它不是看最先的原则、范畴,而是看最后的效果和事实。这种重效果思想对于冲击中国传统的重名轻效果的思维方式对人们的束缚具有重要意义。儒家的重名轻效果、重义轻利的思想导致了中国社会停滞落后。这种思维方式也是我们党犯“左”的错误的重要思想根源之一。实事求是的实质是突破这种僵化的思维方式,重视实践效果,坚持在实践中检验和发展真理。     

Yangxueqingnao particles inhibit rat vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation induced by lysophosphatidic acid

Objective: To observe the effect of Yangxueqingnao particles on rat vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation induced by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Methods: The amount of3H-TdR (3H-thymidine) admixed in cultured rat VSMC was measured and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity and lipid peroxidation end product malondialdehyde (MDA)content of the VSMC were assayed. Results: 1×10-9, 1×10-8, 1×10-7 mol/L LPA in a concentration dependent manner, induced the amount of 3H-TdR admixed, MAP kinase activity, and MDA content of the cultured rat VSMC to increase. However, 5%, 10%,and 15% Yangxueqingnao serum preincubation resulted in a decrease of 23.0%, 42.0%, and 52.0% (P＜0.01) respectively in the amount of 3H-TdR admixed, a decline in VSMC MAP kinase activity of 13.9% (P＜0.05), 29.6% (P＜0.01), and 48.9% (P＜0.01)respectively, and also, a decrease in MDA content of VSMC of 19.4%, 24.7%, and 43.2% (P＜0.01) respectively, in the 1×10-7mol/L LPA-treated VSMC. Conclusions: LPA activates the proliferation and lipid peroxidation of VSMC in a concentration dependent manner. The LPA-induced VSMC proliferation is related to the activity of MAP kinases, enzymes involved in an intracellular signalling pathway. The results of the present study showed that Yangxueqingnao particles can effectively inhibit LPA-induced VSMC proliferation, MAP kinase activation, and reduce lipid peroxidative lesion.     

大鼠左心室流出道电生理特性的观察

目的为了观察大鼠左心室流出道组织是否具有自动节律性.方法利用细胞内微电极记录技术,观察了18例大鼠左心室流出道组织的电生理特征.结果16例(88.89%)出现了自律性电活动,并且可在局部组织记录到典型的慢反应动作电位.结论大鼠左心室流出道组织具有自律性.其生理功能有待进一步研究.     

The Impact of an SES-Based Model on a College's Undergraduate Admissions Outcomes

In Grutter vs. Bollinger, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the use of race as one factor, among many in admissions decisions is constitutional. It is not known, however, whether future legal opinions will continue to uphold the use of affirmative action policies. Some have argued that class-based preferences can achieve many of the same goals as in affirmative action while being more likely to withstand legal challenges. To date, no empirical studies have been conducted on the potential impact of a class-based admissions policy if implemented at an undergraduate institution. This paper reports on a study at a selective public college and compares a number of outcomes under three admissions models: the original admissions decisions, a purely academic model, and an socio-economic status (SES)-based model. The findings showed that use of the SES-based model would have led to a more academically qualified class than in the original admitted class while maintaining substantially greater student diversity that was found under the academic model. An admissions policy based on preferences for socio-economically disadvantaged applicants appears to hold promise for other colleges and universities with similar institutional and applicant characteristics. The ideas and research design reported in this paper are based on the doctoral dissertation study of the second author, Undergraduate Admissions Models Incorporating Socioeconomic Factors (Johnson, 2000).     

实践理性和道德的合理性--当代西方哲学道德合理性理论评析

怎样证明道德行为的合理性一直是西方伦理学研究的主题之一。本从实践理性和实践理性的根据即价值着手，根据与行动相关的价值和中立于行动的价值之同的区别，内在主义和外在主义之同的区别，将西方关于实践理性的理论即论证道德合理性的理论分为四类：与行动相关的外在主义理论，与行动相关的内在主义理论，中立于行动的内在主义理论，以及中立于行动的外在主义理论。并对这些理论的内容及其优劣一一进行了述评。     

原因自由行为若干问题之探析

当前对于原因自由行为是可罚性已无争议,但是当学者们在探讨原因自由行为的概念以及原因自由行为的可罚性根据时,便出现了许多不同的见解。争议的焦点在于如何解释原因自由行为的可罚性与"实行行为与刑事责任同时存在"原则的关系问题。本文拟从探讨原因自由行为的概念入手,对原因自由行为可罚性的责任基础进行分析,进而提出自己的观点。     

意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera L.)飞翔肌的发育

全变态昆虫肌肉的转化与脊椎动物肌肉损伤修复有很大的相似之处。本文以意大利蜜蜂飞翔肌的发育阐明这一观点。两者的相似性表现为:①参与肌肉修复和成蜂飞翔肌形成的成肌细胞来源于胚细胞;②飞翔肌的发育过程中肌肉的转化和肌肉损伤修复均有幼虫残余肌丝或损伤部位残余肌丝和成肌细胞融合,成肌细胞与成肌细胞之间的融合等现象。这些结果为全变态昆虫肌肉的转化作为了解脊椎动物肌肉再生知识的便利模型的可行性,提供了理论依据。     

明代殿试管理制度及其作用

明代科举考试制度化、经常化，成为国家选拔人才和官吏的基本途径。殿试是最终决定进士录取的考试。明代采取诸多举措，完善殿试各项制度，加强国家对考试的宏观管理，为进士选拔有序地进行营造了良好的环境，对于提高官吏队伍的文化素质，造成全社会尊重知识，尊重人才以及促进了全民族文化素质的提高都有不可忽视的作用。     

行政抵抗权之法理分析

目前众多国内外的学者纷纷进行对相对人的抵抗权的研究,我们国家相关法律也对此做了一些类似规定。但是,我国行政法对于相对方的抵抗权的规定一直处于"犹抱琵琶半遮面"的状况,只在为数不多的法律文件中做了规定,因此作者认为行政相对方抵抗权已经能够在我国法律体制中发现,但是需要对其进行系统分析研究。     

电教实验深入发展的行动研究法

本文从我国三大电教实验出发 ,对其所蕴含的行动研究思想进行阐述 ,并对应用行动研究法来深入发展电教实验的策略进行了分析研究。