古入声字在辉县方言中的调类演变

文章从调类这个角度对辉县方言入声发展演变的状况进行考察,指出辉县方言的入声调不分阴阳,调值为一中短促调,并且正由促声向舒声转化,入声舒化后入声调归平声的较多。并探讨了造成变化的原因,展示了辉县方言入声发展演变的规律、特点。     

汉韩礼貌表达对比

汉语和韩国语的礼貌表达有其共性和个性。汉语礼貌表达用词汇形式,主要用有限的敬谦词以及称谓表现;而韩国语除词汇形式外,还用丰富的词尾和助词等语法形式表现。汉韩礼貌表达出现这种差异的主要原因在于汉语和韩国语的语言类型不同,汉语属于孤立语,缺乏形态,而韩国语属于黏着语,形态丰富。     

Voices of university students with disabilities: inclusive education on the tertiary level – a reality or a distant dream?

Twenty-four university students with disabilities were interviewed about their experiences studying at Czech universities. The interviews were analysed using the grounded theory approach. The most commonly experienced barriers faced by these students were institutional barriers, attitudinal barriers, and disability-specific barriers. The types of support mentioned by the students included family support, peer support, and support provided by assistants. The participants also shared strategies they used to deal with the barriers they faced. These were assertiveness, self-determination, metacognition, efforts to ‘fit in’, optimism, and career planning. The implications for policy and universities are discussed.     

福州明清会馆类型特征及其社会功能研究

福州是明清时期中国东南沿海重要的政治、经济、文化中心,集中出现了一批客籍会馆。这些会馆主要分为行政会馆、商业会馆、科举会馆三种类型,并根据自身特征和业务需求进行城市的选址分布。在福州近代社会转型的特殊阶段,这些会馆起到良好的联络乡谊、促进商贸、传承文化、倡导信义等作用,同时也是福州明清时期社会管理的重要补充力量。     

Assessment of Middle Ear Anatomy Teaching Methodologies Using Microscopy versus Endoscopy: A Randomized Comparative Study

Teaching methodologies for the anatomy of the middle ear have not been investigated greatly due to the middle ear’s highly complex structure and hidden location inside of the temporal bone. The aim of this randomized study was to quantitatively compare the suitability of using microscope- and endoscope-based methods for teaching the anatomy of the middle ear. We hypothesize that the endoscopic approach will be more efficient compared to the microscopic approach. To answer the study questions, 33 sixth-year medical students, residents and otorhinolaryngology specialists were randomized either into the endoscopy or the microscopy group. Their anatomical knowledge was assessed using a structured anatomical knowledge test before and after each session. Each participant received tutoring on a human cadaveric specimen using one of the two methods. They then performed a hands-on dissection. After 2–4 weeks, the same educational curriculum was repeated using the other technique. The mean gains in anatomical knowledge for the specialists, residents, and medical students were +19.0%, +34.6%, and +23.4%, respectively. Multivariate analyses identified a statistically significant increase in performance for the endoscopic method compared to the microscopic technique (P < 0.001). For the recall of anatomical structures during dissection, the endoscopic method outperformed the microscopic technique independently of the randomization or the prior training level of the attendees (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the endoscopic approach to middle ear anatomy education is associated to an improved gain in knowledge as compared to the microscopic approach. The participants subjectively preferred the endoscope for educational purposes.     

英国圣保罗大教堂重建时期石材采运研究(1675-1710年)

基于历史档案资料,追述了伦敦大火后英国圣保罗大教堂重建时期石材采运的历史,揭示了各类石材的开采与运输方式、建造中引发的问题,并首次对石材的供应情况进行了定量分析,呈现了石材采运如何成为圣保罗大教堂的重建历时35年之久的主要原因之一。圣保罗大教堂的石材采运问题并非独特案例,同类型的石材在同时期其他建筑中曾被广泛运用,因此对研究那个时代的砖石建筑具有更普遍的参考意义。     

高校弱势群体:类型、原因及对策

主要论述了高校大学生中的弱势群体类型及其形成因素家庭、学校、社会和大学生自身因素,并就此提出了解决弱势群体问题的一些方法。     

叙事中悬念的类型

从六个方面对叙事作品中的悬念进行分类,以揭示悬念本身的不同属性和功能:位于局部的悬念和横跨全篇的悬念;主题性悬念和非主题性悬念;顺时性悬念和逆时性悬念;封闭性悬念和开放性悬念;顺应性悬念和逆变性悬念;规定性悬念和不定性悬念。     

金文“品”及“祼玉三品”梳析

“品”字在商末、西周金文中用为量词,表示事物的种类。由此可以肯定《鲜盘》中的“祼玉三品”当指三种祼礼用玉。根据学界对“瓒”研究的最新成果,作者认为商末《子黄尊》中“黄瓒”应是祼礼用的玉“璜”,这种解释能为“祼玉三品”含义的正确理解提供新的思路。     

英汉语动词的事件类型研究

英语动词有四种基本的事件类型（即状态、动作、结果和完成）和四种演变的事件类型（即演变的状态,演变的动作,演变的结果和演变的完成）。而汉语动词只有两种基本的事件类型（即状态和动作）,它的结果动词和完成动词则是从这两种基本的动词类型演变而来的,我们在进行英汉语写作与翻译时要注意这种区别。