农村传统文化对农民体育发展的影响

通过对农村传统文化的解读,分析了农村传统文化对农民体育发展的积极作用与束缚作用,并循着农村传统文化的视角探讨了当前农民体育发展的新思路,以促进新农村建设中农民体育的和谐发展。     

‘This could be our reality in the next five to ten years’: a blogpost platform as an expectation generation device on the future of insurance markets

William James (1919) characterises hypotheses as either live or dead. A hypothesis is live when it is taken into account as a ‘real possibility’. We follow James’ suggestion to not attribute intrinsic properties to hypotheses, but rather investigate how they came into being and look at the effects they generate. Expectations of digital technologies are a topic of vivid debate in the insurance industry. Before these expectations can become ‘live’, they have, in the first place, to be generated by market devices. We investigate how the reinsurance blogpost platform Open Minds functions as an ‘expectation generation device’ on the future of insurance markets. Combining Beckert’s work on the role of fictional expectations with the pragmatist turn in sociology of markets, we propose to study ‘expectation generation devices’, provoking expectations on economic markets. In our empirical analysis, we demonstrate the explicit fictional character of the Open Minds contributions, and analyse how a contained space of openness is generated to provoke expectations. We demonstrate how Open Minds can become live through circulation to other expectation generation sites in the insurance industry and beyond. We conclude by reflecting on the importance of expectation generation devices as a particular type of market devices.     

Does your left hand know what your right hand is doing? Impacts of athletes’ pre-transgression philanthropic behavior on consumer post-transgression evaluation

Despite the importance of an athlete’s image and reputation as an individual brand, the academic literature lacks investigations on whether and how an athlete’s brand can be protected when they engage in unethical transgressions. Focusing on athletes’ pro-social activities, the authors presented an experimental study to test how an athlete’s pro-social efforts can alleviate negative impacts from his/her transgression. In particular, the authors test the impacts of athletes’ involvement level (high vs. low) with a pro-social cause and level of fit between an athlete and a cause (high vs. low) on sport consumers’ perceptions. Results demonstrate that an athlete’s pre-scandal charitable behaviors can mitigate adverse impact of a transgression on consumer response only when the athlete has deeply engaged in charitable behaviors. The results also show that a higher fit between an athlete and a cause can generate more severe damaging impacts on consumer evaluation than a lower fit due to consumer skepticism caused by a combination between a negative reputation and a high-fit cause.     

新时代中国武术深度传播的意义、问题及路径

挖掘文化内涵,实施深度传播,提升国际认同,是提升国家文化软实力的重要举措。中国武术的深度传播具有彰显“中国精神”、呈现“中国智慧”的意义指向,应坚持文化主体性这一核心,抓住传播与传承两个重点,做好从国际传播走向全球传播、从宣传思维走向故事思维、从分散传播走向主体互动传播三个转换,重视转换性话语、解释性话语、修复性话语、历史性话语四大话语体系的构建。在具体的传播路径上,要处理好传统与现代的融合理路,积极打造合理阐释的讲述模式,但不应全盘否定强制性阐释模式,在“走出去”的基础上更要“走进去”,从“主动去做”转变为“自动去做”,实现中国武术的深度传播。     

Key somatic variables in young backstroke swimmers

The purpose of this study was to estimate the optimal body size, limb-segment length, girth or breadth ratios for 100-m backstroke mean speed performance in young swimmers. Sixty-three young swimmers (boys [n = 30; age: 13.98 ± 0.58 years]; girls [n = 33; age: 13.02 ± 1.20 years]) participated in this study. To identify the optimal body size and body composition components associated with 100-m backstroke speed performance, we adopted a multiplicative allometric log-linear regression model, which was refined using backward elimination. The multiplicative allometric model exploring the association between 100-m backstroke mean speed performance and the different somatic measurements estimated that biological age, sitting height, leg length for the lower-limbs, and two girths (forearm and arm relaxed girth) are the key predictors. Stature and body mass did not contribute to the model, suggesting that the advantage of longer levers was limb-specific rather than a general whole-body advantage. In fact, it is only by adopting multiplicative allometric models that the abovementioned ratios could have been derived. These findings highlighted the importance of considering somatic characteristics of young backstroke swimmers and can help swimming coaches to classify their swimmers and enable them to suggest what might be the swimmers’ most appropriate stroke (talent identification).     

Age and maturity related differences in motor coordination among male elite youth soccer players

This study investigated differences in generic and soccer specific motor coordination, as well as speed and agility depending on age and maturity in elite youth soccer players (U10-U15, N = 619). Measurements included body height, body weight and sitting height to estimate age at peak height velocity (APHV); three Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder subtests (i.e. jumping sideways (JS), moving sideways (MS), balancing backwards (BB)) to assess generic motor coordination; the UGent dribbling test for soccer specific motor coordination; a 5m/30m sprint and T-test for speed and agility, respectively. Age specific z-scores of the predicted APHV identified players as earlier, on time or later maturing. (M)ANOVA analyses showed significant age by maturity interaction effects for the speed and agility test cluster, revealing maturity related differences in U14 and U15 players. Next to an overall higher performance with age for all test clusters (η² 0.080–0.468), earlier maturing players outperformed their later maturing peers in 5m/30m sprinting. The opposite was seen for JS and BB. So, players’ maturity status should be taken into account to adequately value performance in talent identification. Also, the focus on characteristics that appear to be minimally biased by an earlier maturational timing (i.e. motor coordination) should be increased.     

跨项选材视角下《运动选材学》通用教材不同版本的比较研究

运用文献资料法、数理统计法和逻辑分析法,对《运动选材学》通用教材不同版本的整体结构内容、章节进行纵横竞技体育历史分析,从跨项选材视角下研究《运动选材学》教材体系的发展规律、历史地位、内容体系存在的问题和建立《运动选材学》内容体系的对策,以期为《运动选材学》教材内容体系的建设与发展提供一些有益的理论依据。同时,也为我国备战2020年东京夏季奥运会和2022年北京冬季奥运会提供一定的理论指导。     

校园足球教育改革与实践发展的思考——兼论成立中国（上海）足球教育学院的可行性

以校园足球人才培养为切入点,思考校园足球开展的实质、人才培养与发展出路等问题,探讨成立中国（上海）足球教育学院的必要性、可行性。通过充分整合高校、俱乐部、社会等资源,融合校园足球教育、人才培养、社会接纳三大系统,构建大中小学全覆盖、“一条龙”式的校园足球人才培养体系。     

中外女子优秀拳击运动员比赛制胜因素表现差异的对比研究

运用对比分析法、录像观查法、数理统计法对国际拳联新规则实施后2016年世界女子拳击锦标赛与2016年全国女子拳击锦标赛的各10个级别决赛录像进行研究与分析,总结出中国与世界女子优秀拳击运动员比赛制胜因素表现的差异。研究结果表明：（1）国外运动员前后手直拳、摆拳使用次数、击中次数和击中率均高于我国运动员;（2）国外运动员的迎击战术运用次数、击中次数、击中率均高于我国运动员,间接迎击战术运用效果优于直接迎击战术;（3）国外运动员后仰防守反击的击中率较低、其它的防守反击战术的击中率较高;（4）国外运动员较多运用两拳、三拳主动进攻战术且击打效果较佳;（5）国外运动员的步法调整进攻时机、防守反击次数、击中对手次数远优于我国运动员;（6）我国运动员防守反击战术单拳击打效果较佳、国外运动员多拳击打效果较佳;（7）我国运动员在犯规种类和犯规次数上高于国外运动员。根据研究结果提出我国女子拳击运动员有针对性的训练措施与建议。     

经济新常态下我国体育用品制造企业主要财务指标比较及对策研究

采用文献资料、比较分析、数理统计等研究方法,围绕企业盈利能力、成长能力、运营能力和偿债能力4个方面,对2012~2015年我国不同登记注册类型的体育用品制造企业的主要财务指标进行比较分析。结果显示：（1）体育用品制造企业的整体盈利水平实现正向增长,盈利能力强弱顺序为集体企业、私营企业、股份制企业、外商和港澳台投资企业、股份合作制企业及国有企业;（2）体育用品制造企业增长速度较快,成长能力强弱顺序为国有企业、集体企业、私营企业、股份制企业、外商和港澳台投资企业、股份合作制企业;（3）运营能力强弱顺序为集体企业、股份合作制企业、私营企业、国有企业、外商和港澳台投资企业、股份制企业;（4）企业偿债能力强弱顺序为集体企业、股份合作制企业、国有企业、外商和港澳台投资企业、股份制企业和私营企业;（5）总体而言,近4年来集体所有制体育用品制造企业的各方面能力均较强,但其余5类企业在各方面能力上的强弱差异性过大,两极分化问题非常突出。据此,以新常态下中国经济发展的基本特征为切入点,从企业组织形式转型、创新创业、品牌建设、政策扶持、人才培养、融资约束、贸易环境等8个方面,提出了我国体育用品制造企业发展的对策和建议。