自引研究综述:科学评价与科学交流中的质疑、求证与创新

[目的/意义]自引本是科学交流的一种普遍现象，但在科学评价问题上却陷入了长久的争议。自引研究综述有助于增进学者们对自引的认识和了解，理清对自引的偏见与误解，启发更多人对自引做持续的关注与思索。[方法/过程]通过国内外相关文献的系统调研分析，客观描述自引研究的发展历程与现状，梳理其学术脉络和演化轨迹，归纳主要成果和思想，指出当前研究存在的问题，预测未来研究重点与方向。[结果/结论]自引研究经历了长期的质疑和反复的求证，至今并无定论，分歧源于研究视角的差异。自引研究亟需新的突破，重心将从单纯的计量与统计分析转向数据背后规律和机理的深度挖掘与解析，自引在考察学术传承和知识扩散方面的功能也将被进一步发掘。     

Suffering in sport: why people willingly embrace negative emotional experiences

ABSTRACT

Nearly everyone agrees that physical pain is bad. Indeed, if anything merits the status of a platitude in our everyday thinking about value, the idea that pain is bad surely does. Equally, it seems clearly true that emotional suffering – despair, loneliness, grief, disappointment, guilt, shame, lovesickness, and the like – are all bad as well. We are strongly inclined to pity and feel sorry for those who suffer emotionally in these ways; we are motivated, at least some of the time, to do what we can to alleviate their suffering. Given this, it might seem curious that pain and suffering are so integral to sport – whether one is a participant or a spectator. There’s nothing particularly puzzling about pain and suffering that is inadvertently related to sport – as when an athlete injures her hamstring and has to miss her chance at Olympic glory, or when supporters face the misery of getting up at 6am because an away game has been scheduled to start at noon. But there does seem to be something curious about the extent to which pain and suffering are voluntarily embraced by participants and spectators, as the quotation from Nick Hornby aptly illustrates. Why do people willingly engage in something that brings about so much suffering? In this paper, I’ll attempt to answer this question.¹     

政务B站号信息传播效果影响因素与实证研究

[目的/意义] 作为政府与青年群体沟通的重要平台，政务Bilibili账号的信息传播效果直接决定其沟通效率和效果。对政务Bilibili账号信息传播效果影响因素的研究有利于沟通效果的提升。[方法/过程] 本研究基于共青团中央Bilibili账号的471个样本，采用内容分析和回归分析等系统考察内容主题、视频类别、封面图类型、屏幕形式、字幕、组织形式、剪辑率和视频时长等因素对政务Bilibili账号信息传播效果的影响。[结果/结论] 结果表明，科技类、音乐类和时尚类主题的视频能够提升整体传播效果，科技类视频的贡献度最高；情景剧、实拍视频和监控视频都正向显著影响整体传播效果，实拍视频的贡献度最高。视频剪辑率、竖屏视频、字幕添加、合作创作等均能显著提高整体传播效果，竖屏在整体传播效果模型中的贡献度最大。视频时长和封面图的作用不显著。政务Bilibili账号运营应充分释放青年的爱国势能、创新视频形式、优化视频制作流程、创新组织形式。     

Engagement with news on Twitter: insights from Australia and Korea

ABSTRACT

This study examines the patterns of news engagement among news consumers with different political affiliation and cultural background. We use computational methods and data from Twitter in a cross-country comparison of engagement with six online news sources in Australia and South Korea. For our analysis, we used a subset of Twitter users who retweeted at least one political story during the period of collection, and for whom we were able to predict political affiliation using correspondence analysis and data on Twitter follower ties to politicians. We find that right-wing Australian retweeters are more intense in their news engagement, compared with their left-wing counterparts, whereas in South Korea it was the opposite. Australian right-wing political retweeters have more diverse information sources, while there was no difference in information diversity between the right and left in South Korea. We discuss how the political situation in South Korea at the time of data collection may have affected our analysis. We emphasise the methodological contributions of our research and its connection to on-going research into the behavioural foundations of ‘filter bubbles’.     

The relationship between behavioural integrity,competence, goodwill,trustworthiness, and motivating language of a principal

Utilising the oral language of a principal leading an inner-city at-risk elementary school in a large urban school district in the southwestern USA, the researchers tested behavioural integrity and the dimensions of source credibility (competence, goodwill, and trustworthiness) as antecedents to Motivating Language Theory and the ML Model. Teacher perception data at the Title I elementary school was used for this quantitative study. Over 95% of the teachers responded to a survey each year for a three-year period. Each year, there were statistically significant correlations between each of the antecedents and motivating language. The antecedents accounted for 66–75% of the total variance for motivating language depending on the year based on regression analysis. The results of this study extend the field of Motivating Language Theory and the ML Model, and further explain how the work of principals is accomplished.     

Engaged Journalism and News Work: A Sociotechnical Analysis of Organizational Dynamics and Professional Challenges

ABSTRACT

Building upon the sociotechnical perspective presented by Lewis and Westlund (2015, “Actors, Actants, Audiences, and Activities in Cross-media News Work: A Matrix and a Research Agenda.” Digital Journalism 3 (1): 19–37. doi:10.1080/21670811.2014.927986), this study examines organizational dynamics, technological affordances and professional challenges of engaged journalism practices by analyzing how Hearken, one of the most celebrated audience engagement companies, and its tools and services are being implemented in 15 U.S. news organizations. This framework identifies Hearken and organizations like it as important “external actors” providing technological “actants” that are shaping how newsrooms report the news by providing ways for audiences to be brought into producing the news, particularly during the earlier phases of the reporting process. Based on in-depth interviews, we find that nearly every news organization in our sample reports some measure of success by using Hearken for involving audience members throughout the production of news. At the same time, we also identify how this implementation is significantly shaped by organizational imperatives and the models particular organizations create for producing audience-centric news work. Ultimately, this study presents a partial update to the decades-long literature on participatory journalism by suggesting that engaged journalism practices actually create opportunities for meaningful audience involvement.     

新媒体视域下台州非物质文化遗产传承与创新应用模式浅探

台州地处浙东南沿海,历史积淀深厚,非物质文化遗产众多且特色鲜明.但是大部分非遗项目面临传承困难,创新应用转化率极低的困境.在新媒体浪潮之下,充分发挥新媒体沉浸性、交互性和即时性特征的优势,以“数字产品”和“文化产品”的方式重新演绎传统民间艺术,建立符合台州地域特色的非物质文化遗产数字化展示平台、传播平台、商业开发与营销平台相结合的网络化体系.将是当下地方非遗保护、传承与创新应用的最佳模式.     

Measuring communication patterns and intercultural transformation of international students in cross-cultural adaptation

This study attempts to develop a brief scale for measuring cross-cultural adaptation of international students in China and to explore the main pathways to promoting their cross-cultural adaptation. Based on Kim’s structural model of cross-cultural adaptation, this study examined a series of reliability and validity analyses and constructed a structural equation model for exploring the main pathways of cross-cultural adaptation. The findings reveal that the revised scale is reliable and valid for measuring international students’ cross-cultural adaptation. Moreover, the findings also suggest that there exist four main pathways (host communication competence, host social communication, intercultural transformation basic, intercultural transformation advanced) that are essential for the development of international students' cross-cultural adaptation, and the interlocking bilateral relationships among these pathways are significant and positive. This study provides insightful theoretical foundation for investigating international students' cross-cultural adaptation in non-western contexts and the compelling empirical support on the structural model of cross-cultural adaptation.     

加强语言文化能力培养 提升俄语专业学生跨文化交际能力

随着新时代中俄全面战略协作伙伴关系的发展,双方在各领域的合作不断深化,由于语言文化差异导致的跨文化交际问题愈发突出。加强语言文化能力培养,提高俄语专业学生跨文化交际能力,有助于促进两国间的语言文化交流及更高层次的合作,为中俄新型关系建设提供助推作用。