胚芽米营养成分研究

以来自相同水稻品种的胚芽米、糙米和精米为材料,对其营养成分（如水分、灰分、蛋白质、氨基酸、直链淀粉、微量元素等）进行了测定,同时对三者进行了比较与分析。结果发现,胚芽米的蛋白质、灰分、微量元素及氨基酸含量均显著多于精米,而与糙米相比相差不大。这说明胚芽米具有糙米类似的营养价值。但由于糙米含有较多的糊粉,蒸煮后口感粗糙不适合食用,因此,胚芽米既含有丰富的营养成分,又具有较好的口感,为进一步开发与利用提供了一定的科学依据。     

满怀壮志，南方综艺节目十年风雨一路歌

南方综艺频道悉数十年风雨历程,满怀壮志。大胆改革、不断创新,跨越时空的飞速发展,成功地推出一系列节目,无论是新闻宣传,还是娱乐节目;无论是谈话类栏目;还是真人秀节目;无论是收视份额,还是广告收入——都跃上了一个新台阶。坚持以小博大,以巧制胜,让“有营养的娱乐”带给观众开心感受和品质享受,让一场场大型活动推陈出新,深入人心,创造了一次又一次的辉煌。以综艺的表达形式串接篇章,一首首熟悉的歌曲记录诠释了南方综艺一路前行的风采,也抒发了南方综艺人如歌的情怀!     

柠檬营养成分与综合利用研究进展

柠檬被誉为最佳保健水果,具有抗氧化、抗癌、抗肿瘤、抗过敏、抗病毒、消炎、杀菌、降血压和降血脂等生理活性功能．综述了柠檬营养成份研究,加工利用研究和综合加工技术等方面研究进展,为柠檬的研究及开发利用提供参考．     

真菌蛋白营养成分的分析

研究了真菌蛋白的营养成分,结果表明蛋白质52.0%、脂肪11.0%、纤维素23.0%,属于高蛋白、高纤维、低脂肪的食品;矿质元素的含量丰富,其中以P、K、Ca和Fe等元素的含量较高;氨基酸中组氨酸和赖氨酸及维生素的含量也较高,是心血管、动脉硬化和肥胖病人理想的蛋白质食品.     

外源性蛋白质摄入作为组合训练营养干预策略的研究进展

组合训练的生理和急性分子反应与训练状态、组合训练方案的顺序、锻炼方式和持续时间高度相关。现有研究表明,在单纯的抗阻训练或耐力训练后增加外源性蛋白质摄入具有很多好处,但对于组合训练期间外源性蛋白质摄入对机体影响的研究相当有限。因此,探讨组合训练中蛋白质应用的可行性及营养策略制定,以期在组合训练中获得机体力量与耐力的最佳化发展。     

营养支持对慢阻肺患者血气和肺功能的影响

目的营养支持对慢性阻塞性肺部疾病患者血气和肺功能的影响。方法选择43例患者使用抗感染、平喘、化痰等常规治疗,并与43例进行有效营养支持的患者比较,治疗后1月血气分析以及肺功能的变化情况。结果治疗后观察组PO2和PCO2均达到正常范围,且PO2高于对照组（P〈0.05）,PCO2低于对照组（P〈0.05）,治疗后观察组患者FVC显著较对照组提高（P〈0.05）,且FEV1/FVC随之升高（P〈0.05）,同时FEV1%显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论营养不良对于慢性阻塞性肺部疾病患者是一种疾病恶化的因素,进行有效的营养支持能改善患者血气分析结果,提高患者肺功能,值得临床重视。     

Low energy availability and low body fat of female gymnasts before an international competition

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate dietary intake and body composition of elite rhythmic gymnastics (RG) athletes prior to a competition event. Sixty-seven rhythmic gymnasts (18.7 ± 2.9 years old) of high performance level, with 36.6 ± 7.6 h of training/week were evaluated in order to collect training and competition data, medical and gynaecological history, detailed dietary intake and body composition before an international competition. The majority of the participants (n = 40; 59.7%) had already menstruated, but age of menarche was delayed (15.3 ± 1.3 years) and all revealed menstrual irregularities. Gymnasts' body mass (48.4 ± 4.9 kg) and body mass index (BMI; 17.4 ± 1.1 kg/m²) were below the normal for age, and height (1.66 ± 0.05 m) was normal or even slightly above normal for age. Body fat was 9.0 ± 2.0% with no significant differences between age strata. Gymnasts exhibited low energy availability (EA; 31.5 ± 11.9 kcal/kg fat-free mass (FFM)/day). The average carbohydrate and protein intakes were 5.1 ± 2.3 g/kg/day and 1.6 ± 04 g/kg/day, which correspond to 51.4 ± 7.2% and 16.9 ± 3.4% of total energy intakes, respectively; average fat contribution was 33.0 ± 5.3%. Low intakes of pantothenic acid, folate and vitamins D, E and K and of minerals, including calcium, iron and magnesium were reported. Intakes of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamins A, B-6, B-12, C and manganese and zinc were above-adequate (P < 0.05). Low EA, low body fat and micronutrient deficiencies are common among RG.     

Sports nutritionists’ perspectives on enablers and barriers to nutritional adherence in high performance sport: A qualitative analysis informed by the COM-B model and theoretical domains framework

ABSTRACT

Athlete adherence to nutritional guidance is critical for optimal health and performance, yet little is known about the barriers and enablers to athletes’ dietary behaviours within high-performance sport. To advance understanding, we applied a theoretical lens derived from the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation – Behaviour (COM-B) model and the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to explore the qualitative accounts of sports nutritionists. Five focus groups comprising sports nutritionists working in Olympic and Paralympic sport (n = 14), professional sport (n = 6), or both (n = 6) were undertaken. Thematic analysis was conducted and the interpretations of the findings were guided by COM-B and the TDF. To achieve nutritional adherence, the behavioural analysis identified the need to intervene across all three COM-B components and at least five associated TDF domains (e.g., decision-making processes, reinforcement, social influences, behavioural regulation and environmental context and resource). For the first time, the findings illustrate the complex interplay of the training setting with the capabilities, opportunities, and motivation of the practitioners, athletes and coaches. By applying established behavioural science theories to sports nutrition, the foundations for the development of targeted and multifaceted behavioural interventions addressing athlete dietary adherence in high-performance sport have been laid.     

试论二语写作反馈对二语词汇运用能力发展的影响

可理解输入假设强调输入的内容和形式必须是学习者注意到的,注意在增加语言的吸收效率上作用显著;可理解输出假设也强调注意功能在提高学习者语言运用能力方面的重要性。学习者写作是其主要的输出活动,学习者在写作中所犯错误能反映出在输入和输出过程中存在的问题,即缺乏对语言形式的注意。写作反馈的必要性主要体现在激发学习者的注意功能,从而对二语词汇运用能力产生积极的影响。但在反馈中要注意错误的层次、语块和扩展性语言的引入以及促进学习者的相互学习。     

输入加工教学对我国外语教学的启示

输入加工教学从语言学习者的认知机制出发,对改变学习者不利于输入加工的默认策略作出积极尝试,从而提高学习者从语言输入中获得有效吸收并推进语言学习。我国外语学习环境在语言输入的质和量上都有很大局限性,从输入加工教学中汲取营养对促进语言学习有积极意义。