Accelerometer data requirements for reliable estimation of habitual physical activity and sedentary time of children during the early years - a worked example following a stepped approach

This study presents a worked example of a stepped process to reliably estimate the habitual physical activity and sedentary time of a sample of young children. A total of 299 children (2.9 ± 0.6 years) were recruited. Outcome variables were daily minutes of total physical activity, sedentary time, moderate to vigorous physical activity and proportional values of each variable. In total, 282 (94%) provided 3 h of accelerometer data on ≥1 day and were included in a 6-step process: Step-1: determine minimum wear-time; Step-2: process 7-day-data; Step-3: determine the inclusion of a weekend day; Step-4: examine day-to-day variability; Step-5: calculate single day intraclass correlation (ICC) (2,1); Step-6: calculate number of days required to reach reliability. Following the process the results were, Step-1: 6 h was estimated as minimum wear-time of a standard day. Step-2: 98 (32%) children had ≥6 h wear on 7 days. Step-3: no differences were found between weekdays and weekend days (P ≥ 0.05). Step-4: no differences were found between day-to-day variability (P ≥ 0.05). Step-5: single day ICC’s (2,1) ranged from 0.48 (total physical activity and sedentary time) to 0.53 (proportion of moderate to vigorous physical activity). Step-6: to reach reliability (ICC = 0.7), 3 days were required for all outcomes. In conclusion following a 7 day wear protocol, ≥6 h on any 3 days was found to have acceptable reliability. The stepped-process offers researchers a method to derive sample-specific wear-time criterion.     

现代竞技体育体能训练对改善女大学生脊柱功能的研究

脊柱功能是衡量人体健康水平的重要指标,对人体保持高质量的学习、生活和工作状态产生直接的影响。如何运用有效的训练改善和提高人体脊柱功能,应引起高度的重视。以黑龙江省30名女大学生为研究对象,制定有针对性的训练方案,进行为期3个月的运动干预实验,分5个阶段进行训练监控及训练效果评估。结果显示：全体受试对象脊柱直背趋势最为显著,脊柱姿势、柔韧性、稳定性整体较差,脊柱疾病风险较高;通过动态拉伸、颈肩及腰等功能性训练对改善女大学生脊柱功能效果显著;实施训练方案后,在第30天改善效果最为明显。     

西北民族大学彝、瑶、哈尼族学生身体机能、素质、形态的调查与分析

收集西北民族大学2013-2014学年在校彝族、瑶族、哈尼族学生身体机能、身体素质、身体形态3个方面的体质健康测试数据,对测试结果进行统计分析,整合体能测试数据,对比分析彝族、瑶族、哈尼族学生身体机能、素质、形态体质健康的差异,讨论彝族、瑶族、哈尼族学生体质健康存在差异的原因并提出建议。按照《国家学生体质健康标准》的评分标准进行数据统计,结果显示:彝族、瑶族、哈尼族3个民族大学生体质健康测试的总合格率为89.8%(其中彝族为93.4%,瑶族为89.3%,哈尼族为86.8%)。比较以上数据,彝族大学生的身体健康体质优于瑶族和哈尼族,研究比较客观的反映了3个民族的体质健康特征差异。     

基于互联网的运动干预项目对大学生体质健康影响的实验研究

运用文献资料、教学实验、数理统计等方法,揭示微信平台和移动健身运用(APP)对大学生体质健康水平的影响及其作用机制。结果:1)实验组实验后体质健康各项指标(身高体重除外)均有显著的提升(P<0.05),对照组各指标也均有上升趋势,但无统计学意义(P>0.05);2)实验组实验后各项指标(身高体重除外)显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:1)基于互联网的线上运动干预项目可以有效促进大学生的体质健康水平,可以作为大学生体育锻炼习惯养成及体质健康促进的有效手段;2)线上运动干预项目促进大学生体质健康的作用机制是通过目标设定,自我监测行为,个性化定制与指导,社会互动等强化因素作用的结果。     

青少年体力活动干预新方式——体感游戏对青少年身体活动的影响分析

体感游戏作为体育运动与电子科技的结合产品,对其在青少年体力活动干预方面的研究有重要意义。研究从体力活动的促进、能量消耗、运动康复、社会价值以及心理效应等方面对体感游戏进行分析,发现体感游戏对青少年体力活动有明显促进作用,能满足其锻炼的需求,且对青少年心理健康具有积极地影响,能作为青少年体力活动干预的有效手段之一。     

近十年我国青少年体质健康研究综述

采用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法对近10年中国青少年体质健康的现状、影响因素、干预策略、监测与评价标准等进行综述。结果表明,青少年体质健康逐年下降,影响因素主要包括学校、家庭和社会,干预策略主要包括运动和改善体育场地设施,监测与评价标准有待完善,青少年体质健康服务有待建立等。     

高职高专校园体育文化的特征与功能新论

校园体育文化是校园文化的重要组成部分。加强高职高专院校体育文化建设,进一步探讨、研究校园体育文化的特征与功能,对促进体育教学与体育传播,营造良好的体育氛围以及推进职业素质教育具有积极的作用。     

宁波市区体育师资队伍现状调查及对策研究

宁波市区 4 5所中学体育师资队伍现状调查 ,结果显示 :当前中学体育教师的年龄、职称、性别、学历、科研、专业工作能力、继续教育等方面还存在着一些问题。有关部门应该引起重视 ,加大经费投入 ,科学管理 ,加强培训和引进工作 ,努力提高师资水平 ,营造良好的科研和教学氛围 ,提高其学历和理论水平     

Physical activity profiles and selected muscular fitness variables in English schoolchildren: A north–south divide?

The aim of the study was to compare and contrast habitual physical activity (PA) profiles and muscular fitness in schoolchildren from northern and southern regions of England. Data were collected from two secondary schools in the north east (NE) of England. The study procedures followed methods employed by the East of England Healthy Hearts Study in 10–16-year-old boys and girls based in the south east (SE) region of England and data were compared. Habitual physical activity (PAQ-A), vertical jump test, and hand-grip (HG) strength were assessed. We converted raw scores from all assessments to age- and sex-normalised z-scores. We recruited 597 children (58% boys) in the NE and compared findings to 597 age- and sex-matched boys and girls from the SE. Boys in the SE had significantly stronger HG scores, jumped higher, were more powerful (mean peak power: 2131?W vs. 1782?W; P?P?P?相似文献   

女大学生对体育锻炼的认识及行为状况的调查研究

以陕西5所高校为例,通过对女大学生体育锻炼的认识及行为状况的调查研究表明,这一群体对体育锻炼的认识、观念等方面具有现代知识女性的思想特征,但参与体育锻炼的行为倾向处于一般水平。