中外幼教机构工作人员聘任条件的比较——基于对各国幼教机构规程的分析

我国现行的<幼儿园工作规程>(以下简称<规程>)是我国法律位阶最高的学前教育法规性文件,已经正式颁布实行了15年,随着社会政治经济文化与学前教育事业的发展,急需对其进行修订,以适应新的发展形势.其中,<规程>第六章主要步及幼儿园工作人员的聘任条件.与其他国家和地区的相关规章进行比较和分析,可以发现我国<规程>对幼儿园工作人员聘任条件的规定并不算低,甚至更高,这并不意味着<规程>在修订时应降低标准,因为我国<规程>的制定目的是提高幼儿园保育与教育质量.而很多国家与地区的相关规章只是关于幼教机构开办的最低标准,不过我们还是可以从中获得诸多启示,如应进一步加强<规程>的可操作性,对园长、教师、保育员培训的名称、资格证书的等级、培训时间的长短等做出更为具体、细致的规定,同时增强规定的弹性,方便根据不同情况提出不同的要求,以让有不同优势的人参与到幼儿教育工作中来;应增加有关对园长、教师、保育员特定个性与气质的要求,以保证保育和教育质量及教师队伍的稳定;应对厨师和驾驶员的聘任严格把关,提出有关的具体聘任条件;应设定园长、教师、保育员的最低年龄,以避免因身心不成熟的人照顾幼儿而可能造成的伤害等.     

学前儿童绘画教育之思索

学前儿童的绘画是溶入其自身情感及其表象,通过儿童内在自我建构形成的一种自我表现形式。学前儿童绘画是社会文化的一种反映,是儿童的发展水平的一种表现。学前儿童绘画教育必须在尊重儿童发展水平的基础上,结合本民族的文化特点,在尊重儿童的主体性和为儿童绘画提供有效帮助的两极动态变化之间加以调适,使之趋向平衡,使儿童潜能得以最大限度的舒展。     

The problem-solving process as part of professionals’ boundary work in preschool to school transition

ABSTRACT

A successful transition from preschool to school demands continuity in education between the institutions: continuity in pedagogy, values and institutional structures. One way to achieve continuity is to learn how to do boundary work in the borderline of two activity systems. This article examines what kinds of discourses frame the problem-solving process in the context of inter-professional collaboration. The data consists of video-recorded, inter-professional discussions in the 2012–2013 (a total of 22.5?h). The project, called Flexible Preschool and School, aims to develop a new model for a smooth transition to school. In the project, professionals from preschool and school create joint activities and co-teaching, which is assumed to bridge the gap between pedagogies and assure the continuity of learning. The professionals’ cultural thoughts in different kinds of problem-solving situations become visible in the discourses produced in the talk. These discourses describe their capacity for solving shared problems. Creating new innovations demands an understanding that complex problems require diverse knowledge. Considering the shared knowledge as valuable enough to put into practice is the way to create new forms of problem-solving. This is implemented by taking on the responsibility to be an active actor.     

Children’s Memory: A Primer for Understanding Behavior

This paper provides the opportunity to understand children’s behavior from a memory viewpoint. For the last three decades, cognitive developmentalists have been asking the question, “what develops in children’s memory?” Four answers to this question are presented, complete with explanations, examples, and possible applications where appropriate. The purpose of the paper is to provide early childhood educators and other practitioners who work with children a different lens through which to view children’s behavior. The memory view is compatible with current best practices in early childhood education, and may provide practitioners an additional viewpoint from which to draw when implementing developmentally appropriate practice.     

论学前双语新师资英语教育能力的培养

本文提出了学前双语教育中存在的学前双语教师英语教育能力较为欠缺的问题,并针对此问题,结合学前双语教育师资所应具备的英语教育能力,阐述了在学前双语教育新师资英语教育能力的培养方面,应重视英语言语技能、学前儿童英语教学技能和教学实践等技能的培养。     

高师学前教育专业的改革与发展--基于忻州市学前教育的现状

学前教育作为基础教育的基础,越来越受到世界各国的重视。许多发达国家积极采取措施,优先发展学前教育,扩招以后的各高校之间又掀起了新一轮的生源竞争。在这种激烈的竞争下,作为贫困山区,我们必须在现有教育资源的条件下,根据山区发展的需要和学院的自身特点,进一步拓宽学前教育专业的口径,强化专业优势,形成体现学院的学科优势,切实搞好学前教育专业的发展。     

Situated decoding of gender in a Swedish preschool practice

This article is based on data generated in an ethnographic study of gender in a Swedish preschool. Drawing on Judith Butler’s understanding of performativity and (un)doing of gender, a new theoretical concept, situated decoding of gender, is further developed by showing how the material and spatial dimension of the educational practice and the teachers’ actions contribute to establishing and maintaining this process in an early childhood educational setting. Instead of normalising the gender binary, a reverse process occurs that turns what is perceived as feminine or masculine into a gender decoded state in which gender is made less relevant, or even irrelevant. It is argued that this continuous reiterative process emerges and is maintained by three main factors: (a) the preschool’s physical environment, (b) the regular and repetitive structure of the educational practice and (c) the consistent actions of the teachers in the everyday practice.     

幼教改革与幼儿教师的专业发展

幼儿教师是幼儿教育情境中的主体之一,它影响着整个教育过程的走向。要使幼儿教师适应当今幼儿教育改革和发展的需要,广大幼儿教师应树立正确的教育观、儿童观和崇高的敬业精神,不断提高自身的科学文化素养和专业技能水平;提高自身教育活动的能力和水平,保证幼儿教育活动的顺利开展;增强幼儿教育科研的意识,不断反省自身的教育教学活动,提高教学反思性实践能力;增强自身与他人合作的能力,学会终身学习,努力促进自身的专业发展。     

浅论学前教育的发展

＂重视学前教育＂被前所未有地列入党的十七大报告,第一次突出了学前教育在我国终身教育体系中的重要地位。学前教育是人生发展的奠基性教育,是国家对未来发展的重要投入。学前教育学已发展成为一门独立的科学,将对学前教育发展发挥巨大的推动作用。     

高职院校学前教育专业群建设的研究与实践——以武汉城市职业学院为例

依托传统的幼儿教育专业,整合婴幼儿早期教育与服务等相关专业,构建学前教育专业群,有助于高职院校增强社会服务能力、提高办学效益、形成特色和品牌,具有重要的现实意义。从武汉城市职业学院的实践看,学前教育专业群建设要以平台课程、实训基地、教学团队、教学资源库、就业服务体系为重点建设内容,必须从实际出发,做好科学规划,选好突破口,注重内涵质量,创新人才培养模式,提高管理效能。