Preschool – an arena for children’s learning of social and cognitive knowledge

The aim is to investigate Swedish preschool teachers’ accounts of children’s learning in relation to the goals in the Swedish preschool curriculum. The research question is: “What do preschool teachers see as fundamental aspects of learning in preschool practice?” The study is based on interactionist perspectives founded in Urie Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory in which individuals and environment influence each other in a dynamic, reciprocal interaction. The data consist of interviews. The results show two themes that describe what teachers express as fundamental learning aspects in preschool practice: children’s learning of social knowledge and children’s learning of social and cognitive knowledge as integrated. The results show that some preschool teachers view social knowledge as fundamental to children’s learning. Others have a broader learning-oriented approach, which is grounded in the Swedish preschool curriculum and in modern theories of learning. This is an integrated learning approach, which is assumed to promote children’s learning and development in a long-term perspective.     

The quality of teachers’ interactive conversations with preschool children from low-income families during small-group and large-group activities

This study examined the quality of preschool teachers’ interactive conversations with three- and four-year-olds in two Head Start classrooms serving children from low-income families in the United States. Over a period of 20?weeks, 10 bi-weekly observations of conversations (totaling 15?h per classroom) were conducted in one small-group (Play Time) and two large-group (Breakfast Time and Circle Time) contexts. The teacher–child verbal interactions were transcribed and coded using the Teacher Interaction and Language Rating Scale (TILRS) to determine the frequency of responsive language strategies employed by the teachers across the three contexts. The two teachers applied Child-Centered Strategies and Interaction-Promoting Strategies the most during Circle Time, followed by Play Time, and the least during Breakfast Time. While it was observed that both teachers did talk to the children face to face frequently across contexts, they rarely used Language Modeling Strategies to engage them in cognitively challenging conversations. Implications for professional development are discussed.     

论合格学前双语师资的专业素养

合格学前双语教师应该具备良好的职业道德品质、扎实的英语基础知识和技能、基本的学前教育理论知识和教学技能以及较强的学前双语教育理论知识和教学技能等专业素养,才能满足学前双语教育模式对师资的要求。     

滇西北幼儿教师胜任力选拔指标模型的建构

目的：为滇西北地区幼儿教师建构胜任力选拔指标模型.方法：对30名幼儿教师进行关键行为事件访谈,并对材料进行编码.结论：（1）运用BEI法建构的幼儿教师胜任力选拔指标模型,胜任力的平均等级、最高等级可以作为判断优异与否的标准;（2）进取心、观察力、积极主动性等13项组成幼儿教师胜任力选拔指标模型;（3）优秀幼儿教师的胜任力选拔指标在性别、民族、学历、职称、单位性质之间均未发现显著差异,说明该胜任力选拔指标模型具有较好的适用性.     

中国学前教育财政投入公平性研究评述

“入园难、入园贵”已成为近十年来中国学前教育发展中面临的最严峻的社会问题,其反映的实质正是学前教育机会不公平.文章基于财政投入视角,对现有文献进行梳理及归纳,发现大部分研究表明政府责任缺失、财政投入机制不合理是造成我国学前教育机会不公平的主要原因,由此指出应进一步明确政府投入责任、改革财政投入体制.但是对于政府在学前教育领域应该承担多大的支付责任、财政体制改革应侧重哪些方面等问题,学术界还存在一些争论和分歧.     

快乐学习在幼儿教育中的运用探究

快乐是一种具有“喜欢和参与”的趋向性的心理特征,能全面激发人们正面向上的潜能。在幼儿的教育中,教师需要让幼儿感受到快乐和喜悦,感受到生活的快乐、活动的快乐,以充满希望的心情去参与各种实践活动。快乐学习的方式既有利于幼儿的身心健康成长,又有利于幼儿教育工作的顺利开展。本文围绕着快乐学习在幼儿教育中的运用探究产生的一系列问题进行初步的分析、探讨,希望能给广大同仁的教育教学活动提供借鉴。     

幼儿艺术教育的“真”与“假”——关于幼儿艺术教育应然与实然研究

随着对幼儿艺术教育重视力度的增加,学者对相关领域研究视域也随之扩大。研究内容由窄变宽,幼儿艺术教育由单纯的内涵研究扩展到课程、价值、教学方法等的研究;研究对象由死教育到活教育,从静止不变的“幼儿艺术教育”放眼到不断发展变化的“幼儿”,使研究更符合实际;研究方法由单一向多样化转变,在现象描述的基础上,综合运用多种方法,使幼儿艺术教育研究有更广的视野。尽管已有研究范围越来越广、内容越来越丰富,但依然存在不足。     

商洛市幼儿教育师资队伍现状调查

通过对陕西省商洛市公办幼儿园教师队伍的基本情况进行研究,结果显示,幼儿教师数量严重不足,＂结构性缺编＂现象显著,现有教师职业认同感不高,教育效能感较低,对幼儿园教师评价指导体系不够科学规范。要促进商洛市幼儿教师队伍建设,必须加强幼儿教育重要性的宣传力度,严格幼儿教师的准入制度,健全幼儿教师管理制度,构建科学、合理的幼师评价体系。     

几种干果补充学龄前儿童蛋白质的比较分析

采用光谱法对几种干果中蛋白质的含量进行分析.光谱法的最大吸收波长为280nm,回归方程为A=0.5321C-0.0173,相关系数r=0.9999,线性范围为0～1.4973mg/mL.变异系数0.24％,回收率为99.32％～103.3％.实验结果表明,测定的干果样品中花生仁蛋白质含量最高为243mg/g.     

我国幼儿教师培养政策：特点、矛盾与建议

幼儿教师培养是保障并不断提高幼师队伍质量的关键手段和必然途径。当前,我国基本建立了以师范院校教育为主体的多元幼师培养体系并不断提高学历要求,但在相关法律中缺乏对幼儿教师培养的专门、具体规定,并且未建立培养机构的资质认证体系且缺乏对培养质量评估的相关规定。在制定学前教育法及相关政策过程中,应补充和完善幼儿教师培养机构的准入标准和培养质量评估标准,因地制宜制定和完善幼儿教师学历培养体系的相关规定,进一步明确和逐步增加幼儿教师培养的经费投入等。