高等学校师范生技能研究

在多年的教学经验和实际调查的基础上,对作为合格教师应具备的技能进行了研究,提出了师范生应具备3种基本技能,即：语言表达技能、教学工作技能和信息技术应用技能,并对这些技能的重要性进行了讨论。     

夫妻财产争议与离婚案件拆分审判探析

长期以来,人民法院审理离婚案件时,习惯于一并解决离婚争议和财产分割及子女抚养问题。但是,近年来,司法实践中出现了当事人仅起诉要求离婚的案件。对此,人民法院可否采取拆分审理模式,分案审理离婚争议和夫妻财产争议,在实践中有不同意见。将夫妻财产争议与离婚争议分案审理,在法律上并无不妥,在某些情形下更利于快捷、公平地解决当事人的争议,具有补充合并审理模式的功能和价值。故在立法上应明确人民法院对离婚案件中的财产争议可另案单独审理,并对分案审理模式的定位、标准、管辖、诉讼衔接等问题进行明确规范。     

试差法在换热器的设计与选型中的应用

采用试差法,参考换热器传热系数的大致范围,假设一个传热系数值,利用热量衡算和传热速率方程估算传热面积,初选换热器型号,最后校核传热系数和传热面积。     

大学教师发展：教学学术的新视角

数以万计的大学教师发展问题亟待解决,这也是当前提高高等教育质量和建设高等教育强国面临的艰巨任务。引入教学学术理论,从教学学术的视角研究大学教师发展将具有重要意义。教育者、研究者和学习者角色的统一融合体就应该是大学教师最核心和最重要的角色,这样的角色定位有利于大学教师的发展。好的教学还应意味着,教师既是学者又是学生,因此应该加强教师与学生之间的交流,形成一个师生学习共同体。教师与教师之间的学习共同体和教师与学生之间的学习共同体都可以促进大学教师的发展,大学教师的发展也都需要这些学习共同体的熏陶和培养。每位教师都必须坚持忠诚的最高标准,既要重视教师职业道德修养也要加强学术道德修养。     

Developing creative thinking in a gifted sport enrichment program and the crucial role of attention processes

A six‐month longitudinal study (N = 33) proved the influence of a diversified sport enrichment program on the development of creative thinking in team ball sports among gifted children. A contrast between a gifted control group and a non‐gifted treatment group showed that the creative performance of the gifted children significantly improved (partial η² = .26). To explain this surprising short‐term effect, a second experiment chose the Inattentional Blindness paradigm to study the individual differences in the visual attention of gifted (n = 54) and non‐gifted children (n = 58). The results of the monitor‐task by Most et al. (2000 Most, S. B., Simons, D. J., Scholl, B. J. and Chabris, C. F. 2000. Sustained inattentional blindness: the role of location in the detection of unexpected dynamic events,. PSYCHE, 6(14): 14–24.  [Google Scholar]) revealed significant differences between both samples in the ‘Near’ condition (delta = .37) but not in the ‘Very far’ condition. The results of both experiments are discussed in connection with further research.     

Teacher views on the effects of the change from coursework to controlled assessment in GCSEs

When General Certificates of Secondary Education (GCSEs) were introduced in the late 1980s, coursework was included as a requirement in many subjects. Coursework was intended to help best represent students' attainments, but concerns about various issues (e.g., tasks becoming formulaic, authenticity of student work, workload) led to a review and ultimately to its replacement with “controlled assessments”. This research investigated the effects of this change. A questionnaire was completed by 346 teachers across 6 subjects. Most teachers felt the risks of plagiarism are similar or have reduced. Two thirds of teachers reported that the introduction of controlled assessment has affected the way they teach, and around 60% feel it has affected the nature of the knowledge and skills learnt by students. There are reportedly practical challenges relating to timetabling, student absence, and increased administration. However, over 70% of teachers consider it “important” or “very important” to have some form of internal assessment in their subject.     

试论简易程序中诉讼效率与司法公正的平衡——以新《刑事诉讼法》的修改为视角

随着新《刑事诉讼法》对简易程序适用范围的拓宽,适用率较低将不再是适用简易程序的主要问题。在简易程序扩大适用进程中,如何实现诉讼效率与审判公正两大价值的平衡成为新问题。在新法以及相关司法解释的基础之上,借鉴外国法律规定,分析简易程序中效率与公平的失衡隐患,为简易程序的进一步细化提供建议。     

理念与现实的交困:媒介与司法的冲突探源

现代社会,法律更多地被大众视为维护社会公平正义、保障人权的利盾;新闻理念数次更迭,但其实现社会监督、维护人权、保证社会公正的核心价值诉求始终如一。司法和传媒有着共同的目标。但是,二者在各自理念上有所交叉,现实中的司法活动和新闻活动有着不同的评判标准和不同的正义理念,加之中国当下的司法实践存在着违背客观准则的现象以及新闻传媒在实践中的不足导致了司法与传媒的现实冲突。两个阵营不应过分指责对方的缺位与越位,应从更加宏观的层面制定能够协调二者在实践中共同遵守的准则才是化解冲突、厘清各自行为界限的解决之道。     

医学期刊伦理审查和违规行为处理策略

【目的】 细化医学期刊伦理相关审查及处理流程,为完善我国医学期刊相关规范提供参考。【方法】 比对出版伦理委员会规范,结合国外相关案例,提出目前国内医学期刊伦理审查存在的问题及相应解决流程。【结果】 国内医学期刊应注意对论文的伦理审批、患者知情同意、保护患者隐私、临床试验注册信息等方面的审查,对作者文中未说明是否获得患者知情同意、未保护患者隐私、未说明是否经过伦理审查等进行相应处理。【结论】 医学期刊编辑规范和完善医学伦理相关审查规定和处理流程,可推进期刊国际化进程。     

道德和法律视野下记者拒证特权的思考

记者的拒证特权是其职业道德的最高要求,有极大的合理性和合法性,但和公正审判发生冲突,妥协是必然的,而世界各国法律对此划的界限也不尽相同。本文试图探索这一制度对我国的借鉴意义。