腹部闭合性肾损伤66例诊治体会

目的：探讨闭合性肾损伤的诊断和治疗方法。方法：对66例闭合性肾损伤的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：66例肾损伤中,Ⅰ级11例,Ⅱ级25例,Ⅲ级17例,Ⅳ级12例,Ⅴ级1例,伴有合并伤27例。保守治疗49例,手术治疗17例,其中包括选择性肾动脉栓塞治疗5例。治愈64例,死亡2例。结论：1）CT、B超检查准确率高,是诊断肾损伤的主要方法;2）迅速而正确的病情评估是治疗的关键;3）大多数腹部闭合性肾损伤可以采取保守治疗;4）选择性肾动脉栓塞创伤小,止血迅速有效,可作为Ⅲ级肾损伤的首选治疗方法,亦可作为肾修补术后继发性出血的治疗措施。     

长期大运动量耐力训练对大鼠肾动脉组织学影响的研究

通过对耐力训练大鼠肾动脉的零应力状态下的张开角、组织学组成成份的变化,探讨耐力训练对肾动脉的张开角和微观组织结构的影响.结果表明,耐力训练组大鼠肾动脉张开角与对照组相比明显减小(P<0.05);耐力训练组大鼠肾动脉的弹性纤维、胶原纤维的含量与对照组没有显著性差异(p>0.05),C/E没有显著差异(p>0.05);耐力训练组大鼠的平滑肌的相对面积显著减小(p<0.05),而平滑肌的细胞核数并无显著差异(p>0.05),单个平滑肌的相对面积显著减小(P<0.05).因此,长期耐力运动训练主要导致肾动脉中平滑肌的重建.     

持续性非卧床腹膜透析治疗慢性肾衰

采用持续性非卧床腹膜透析CAPD治疗24例慢性肾衰病人,疗效肯定。24例高血钾、水肿、心衰症状均消失;19例高血压降至正常,5例下降;16例代谢性酸中毒纠正,8例好转;血肌酐(μmol/L):9例由2400±124降至1000±96,4例由1700±90降至900±74,8例由1200±65降至500±48,3例由800±36降至150±30。结合我国目前情况,CAPD治疗慢性肾衰具有广泛采用价值。     

悬挑式外脚手架应用分析

当施工条件不允许搭设落地式外脚手架时,经过计算采用悬挑式外脚手架,缩短了工期,满足了业主的要求.     

Modified uremic rat model — A tool for uremic studies in rats

Experimental model of chronic renal failure in rats have been described by many authors and has also been widely used in various studies. Many of these methods used highly sophisticated instruments which was difficult in our settings. The resection model was ideal in our experimental set-up, but this model had the risk of excessive bleeding and hypovolemia. In our study we used a combination of partial resection and ligation of the renal artery to create two models of stable uremia A and Moderate uremia B. Severe uremia. Both these models were compared with a sham operated group which served as controls. Following surgical procedure, the development of uremia was monitored by serial estimation of blood urea and serum creatinine levels that were measured at regular intervals (bi-weekly). From two weeks onwards the animals in the experimental group showed a significant elevation in the serum urea levels and a consistent elevation in the serum creatinine levels upto eight weeks when compared to the animals in the sham operated group. We established a modified method of producing renal failure which can be maintained for a period of six weeks. This model is simple, reproducible and less complicated that can be used for several studies relating to renal failure in the field of research.     

MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION AT THE EARLY STAGE OF CISPLATIN-INDUCED ACUTE RENAL FAILURE IN RATS

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＣｉｓ ｄｉａｍｍｉｎｅｄｉｃｈｌｏｒｏｐｌａｔｉｎｕｍ (Ⅱ ) (Ｃｉｓ ｐｌａｔｉｎ)ｉｓａｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄａｎｔｉｎｅｏｐｌａｓｔｉｃａｇｅｎｔｔｈａｔｈａｓｎｅｐｈｒｏｔｏｘｉｃｉｔｙａｓａｍａｊｏｒｄｏｓｅ ｌｉｍｉｔｉｎｇｓｉｄｅｅｆｆｅｃｔ.Ｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｃｏｍｍｏｎｆｏｒｍｏｆｃｉｓｐｌａｔｉｎ ｉｎ ｄｕｃｅｄｒｅｎａｌｔｏｘｉｃｉｔｙｉｓｎｏｎ ｏｌｉｇｕｒｉｃａｃｕｔｅｒｅｎａｌｆａｉｌｕｒｅ.Ｔｈｅｕｎｄｅｒｌｙｉｎｇｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｏｆｔｈｉｓｒｅｎａ…     

Mitochondrial dysfunction at the early stage of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats

The present study was undertaken to clarify the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure at the early stage. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given an intravenous administration of 10 mg/kg cisplatin. 0.9% saline was infused into them at a rate of 2 ml/h for 3 h, starting with a 2-ml bolus injection before cisplatin administration. 3 h following cisplatin administration, no evident morphological abnormalities were found by both light and electron microscopy; there were also no significant changes in GFR. Thirty min after cisplatin injection, urine sodium and potassium excretion increased by 56% and 260% those of the control animals, respectively. Apparent renal mitochondrial respiration dysfunction was observed in cisplatintreated rats 3 h later; the state 4 respiration increased by 100% and state 3 respiration, respiratory control ratio and carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone-uncoupled respiration decreased by 46%, 74% and 47% of the controls, respectively. The present data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction may be a very early event in cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats.     

AMINO ACIDS' PROTECTIVE EFFECTS ON EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE RENAL FAILURE

This study was carried out to elucidate the nephroprotective effects from a mixture of 8 L-amino acids and the possible mechanism of protection by this amino acid mixture. Acute renal failure model was induced by an intravenous administration of 10 mg/kg cisplatin to male Sprague-Dawley rats. A mixture of 8 L-amino acids or 0.9% saline was infused at a rate of 2 ml/h for 3 h, starting with a 2 ml bolus injection before cisplatin administration. Amino acids showed no acute effect on renal morphology. The infusion of a mixture of 8 L-amino acids increased GFR by 85% in control rats. The abnormalities of urine sodium and potassium excretion caused by cisplatin were markedly attenuated by the administration of the amino acid mixture. With the infusion of this amino acid mixture, cisplatin-induced abnormal state 4 respiration returned to control levels and the depressed state 3 respiration, respiratory control ratio and carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone-uncoupled respiration were ameliorated remarkably. A mixture of 8 L-amino acids showed marked nephroprotection against cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats and might function through augmentation of the cisplatin-injured renal mitochondrial electron transport-oxidative phosphorylation sequence, probably via stabilizing the membrane (including inner mitochondrial membrane) protein tertiary structure. In addition, this amino acid mixture remarkably increased GFR and decreased urine sodium excretion in rats.     

大直径现浇砼薄壁筒桩在复合地基中的探讨

简单介绍大直径现浇薄壁筒桩技术在某深厚软土复合地基中计算理论以及设计。提供了筒桩地基处理的常用断面,传递机理和承载力计算方法和沉降计算方法。并提出筒桩复合地基稳定性分析中的不足和可用的分析方法。最后,通过分析比较了不同直桩型地基处理的经济与技术指标,论证该桩型在沿海软土地基处理中具有广泛的推广价值。     

小儿药物性血尿30例临床分析

针对小儿药物性血尿,通过３０例的临床分析,发现头孢拉丁与其它抗生素及解热镇痛药合用时引发血尿占首位,其次是解热镇痛药及非类固醇类抗炎药。肾损害的发生与用药剂量过大、过敏性体质等因素有关,通过治疗的患儿大多数在２～３天内肉眼血尿消失,在２～７天内尿常规恢复正常。