长期大运动量耐力训练对SD大鼠肾动脉张开角影响的研究

通过观察肾动脉主干张开角的大小,研究了经过长期大强度耐力训练的SD大鼠肾动脉主干零应力状态的变化.结果发现,经过长期耐力训练的SD大鼠的肾动脉主干的张开角(70.12°±5.83°)显著小于同龄的安静对照组的大鼠的肾动脉主干的张开角(79.47°±6.89°).结果表明,在长期耐力训练组中,大鼠肾动脉主干存在非均匀的负生长,其残余应力、应变小于同龄的安静对照组大鼠的肾动脉.因此,长期耐力训练会导致肾动脉主干的负生长,可能对肾动脉的生理功能产生一定的影响.     

超声医学在慢性肾衰竭患者心脏损害方面的作用

目的：为了解慢性肾衰竭（ CRF）患者的心脏损害情况,并探讨这种心脏损害的影响因素。方法：选择2012年一月至2013年1月收治的慢性肾衰竭30例患者作为观察组,另选同一时间段未患慢性肾衰竭30例患者作为对照组。将超声心动图检查两组患者的LAD,LAPWs,LAPWd,IVSTd,IVSTs, SV,EF等数据进行评价,分析慢性肾衰竭后患者心功能受损的情况。结果：检查后的两组数据显示,肾衰竭组LAD,LAPWs,LAPWd,IVSTd,IVSTs较对照组显著增加,具有患者心脏彩超异常者占93.3%（28/30）,具有统计学意义（p〈0.05）,观察组SV,EF,A,E较对照组明显增高,异常者为96.6%（29/30）。对照组心脏超声主要表为左室扩大、左室肥厚、左房扩大、瓣膜反流及心功能不全,尤以左室舒张功能损害为主。这些心脏损害的主要影响因素有尿毒症毒素、高血压、贫血。尽早透析,积极控制高血压,纠正贫血是预防和治疗CRF患者心脏并发症的主要手段。结论：对于肾衰竭患者而言,心脏彩超是一种无创性的较准确地反心脏形态和心功能受损的辅助检查方法。     

End Stage Renal Disease,Differential Diagnosis,A Rare Genetic Disorder: Bardet–Biedl Syndrome: Case Report and Review

End stage renal disease (ESRD) represents a clinical condition in which there is an irreversible loss of endogenous renal function. Both structural and functional abnormalities of the kidney are associated with increased morbidity, mortality. Bardet–Biedel syndrome (BBS) is one of the rare genetic disorders with prevalence of 1 in 1, 40,000–1 in 1,60,000 worldwide. ESRD in BBS patients is the final stage of the disease, increasing mortality in youth.     

碗扣式钢管脚手架施工现场调查与控制措施

随着碗扣式钢管脚手架使用越来越广泛和普遍,现场施工应用中存在的安全和质量问题逐渐显露。文章从材料质量、支撑面处理、搭设施工等方面调查了施工现场碗扣式钢管脚手架存在的问题,并针对存在的问题提出相应的控制措施。     

辽东木忽木对过度训练大鼠肾功能损伤预防作用的研究

目的:旨在探讨辽东木忽木提取物对运动性肾功能损伤的预防作用。方法:Wistar雄性大鼠45只,随机分为三组:正常对照组(NC,n=12)、运动组(EC,n=17、木忽木组(AE,n=16),通过6周递增负荷游泳训练建立大鼠过度训练模型,采用分光光度法、免疫比浊法、放射免疫法分别测定运动后尿蛋白(TP)、尿微量白蛋白(mAlb)、尿β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG);肾组织一氧化氮(NO)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、丙二醛(MDA)。结果:1)与NC组相比:EC组Tb、mAlb、β2-MG、NOi、NOS、MDA水平显著升高,P<0.01。2)与EC组相比:AE组TP、mAlb、β2-MG、NO、MDA含量显著下降,P<0.01;iNOS水平明显下降,P<0.05。结论:1)大鼠经过6周递增负荷游泳训练后产生了过度训练,过度训练可引起运动性肾损伤。2)辽东木忽木对运动性肾损伤具有一定的预防作用,其机理可能是通过降低iNOS活性,减少诱导型NO,缓解过度训练对肾脏的脂质过氧化损伤来实现的。     

Correlation of Microalbuminuria with Estimated GFR (eGFR) by Cockcroft–Gault and MDRD Formula in Type 2 Diabetics and Hypertensives

Increase in urine albumin excretion rate (AER) precede a fall in glomerular filtration rate in patients developing diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our results have shown that 7 (50 %) of diabetic and hypertensive individuals with decreased GFR do not have increased AER. In this cross-sectional study, we measured AER of 75 patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension by immunoturbidimetric method. We correlated the results with eGFR values obtained by Cockcroft–Gault and MDRD method. The method used was not a compensated method. We measured serum creatinine by modified Jaffe’s kinetic method in autoanalyzer XL-600. Analysis of data showed positive correlation between eGFR and microalbuminuria by both the methods with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m². Pearson’s correlation co-efficient (r) was 0.9 (p = 0.0001) by Cockcroft–Gault formula and 0.69 (p = 0.0063) by MDRD formula. Our results concluded that there was positive correlation between AER and eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m². We have recognized that these two parameters provide a complimentary benefit in management of cases with CKD.     

有氧运动对2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用

目的:探讨有氧运动对2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用及机制。方法:40只雄性Wistar大鼠,以高脂高糖饲料喂养并腹腔注射STZ诱导2型糖尿病大鼠模型,随机分为3组:对照组(NC,n=10)、糖尿病组(DM,n=8)、糖尿病运动组(DS,n=8)。DS组大鼠以25 m/min、30 min/天、6天/周持续运动8周。实验结束时,分别测FBG、GSP、Ins、BUN、Scr及UA含量;光镜观测肾脏的形态结构并计算肾小球形状因子。结果:UA无显著性变化;与NC组比较,DM组大鼠Glu、GSP、BUN、Scr及形状因子显著增高(P<0.05),Ins显著降低(P<0.05),肾小球系膜增生、间隙增宽、基底膜增厚;DS大鼠除Ins显著增高外,其余指标均显著下降,肾小球形态结构明显改善。结论:中等强度有氧运动能显著改善糖尿病大鼠糖代谢及肾小球形态结构和功能,对2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏具有保护作用。     

In-plane creep buckling of concrete-filled steel tubular arches

The creep-induced deformation of the arch rib of concrete-filled steel tubular （CFST） arches under a sustained load can increase the bending moment, which may lead to earlier stability failure called creep buckling. To investigate the influences of concrete creep on the buckling strength of arches, a theoretical analysis for the creep buckling of CFST circular arches under distributed radial load is performed. The simplified Arutyunyan-Maslov （AM） creep law is used to model the creep behavior of concrete core, and the creep integral operator is introduced. The analytical solutions of the time-dependent buckling strength under the sustained load are achieved and compared with the existing formula based on the age-adjusted effective modulus method （AEMM）. Then the solutions are used to determine the influences of the steel ratio and the first loading age on the creep buckling of CFST arches. The results show that the analytical solutions are of good accuracy and applicability. For CFST arches, the steel ratio and the first loading age have significant influences on creep buckling. An approximate log-linear relationship between the decreased degrees of the creep buckling strength and the first loading age is found. For the commonly used parameters, the maximum loss of the buckling strength induced bv concrete creen is close to 40%     

热管式真空管太阳能集热器热性能测试研究

集热器测试系统利用两级温控,采用PID控制方法,把进水温度的漂移控制在±0.2℃以内;利用变频器采用位置式PID算法进行控制,将流量控制在±1%的精度范围内.对热管式真空管太阳能集热器进行了瞬时效率的测试,通过测试,证明了此种集热器热效率高,有广泛应用的前景.     

Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis infection in the dialysis patients with end stage renal diseases: case reports and literature review

The diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) seems relatively difficult due to the absence of specific symptoms and signs in patients on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis.We report four cases of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis on dialysis,with two cases on peritoneal dialysis and two cases on hemodialysis.The presentations,therapy,and outcomes of TB infection in these patients were reviewed.Otherwise,the English literature published in the PubMed database associating extra-pulmonary tuberculosis on dialysis over the last three decades is reviewed.A total of 61 studies containing 70 cases were included.The most common primary disease was diabetic nephropathy(22.86%,16/70).The peritoneum(31.42%,22/70),bone(21.42%,15/70),and lymph node(20%,14/70) were the most frequently infected.Single organ infection was common(90%,63/70).Fever(58.57%,41/70),pain(35.71%,25/70),and enlarged lymph node(20%,14/70) were the most common symptoms.Biopsy(67.14%,47/70) and culture(40%,28/70) provided most reliable methods for clear diagnosis of tuberculosis.The combined treatment of isoniazid,rifampicin,pyrazinamide,and ethambutol(44.29%,31/70) was the most common therapy.The majority of patients improved(82.86%,58/70);however,12 cases got worse(17.14%),with 10 of them dying(14.29%).Physicians should be aware of the non-specific symptoms and location of infection,and consider tuberculosis in their differential diagnoses in dialysis patients presenting with symptoms such as fever,pain,and weight loss.