课堂教学倾听的常见误区及归因分析

长期以来,课堂都是教师主导的舞台,＂言说＂往往被看作教师的＂权力＂,而＂倾听＂则是学生的＂本分＂。随着教育观念的更新,教师不但意识到学生是一个个鲜活的生命体,需要被倾听,而且学生也是一种可贵的课程资源,值得被倾听。尽管如此,教师在教学中具体运用＂倾听＂这一方式时,由于诸多原因仍频频发生失误现象。本文试从教学中教师倾听运用的失误现象入手,着重分析其背后的影响因素,希望对教师有效地运用倾听艺术有所启示。     

数理统计在试卷分析中的应用

应用数理统计方法对考试成绩进行整体分析和四度分析 ,可以对试卷的难易程度做出合理的评价 ,同时结合这种评价方法给出了相关的例子 .     

高中毕业生中高分学生群体身体形态的研究

我国历年高考均有大批高分学生被各重点院校录取。研究采用人体测试方法,选取北京师范大学2003年录取的2000余名新生为研究对象,进行了9项身体形态指标的测试和研究,得出高分学生群体在心、智高度发展的基础上其身体形态的发育特征和发展状况,以引起学校和社会关注,并为学校体育教学改革提供参考。     

发令枪瞬时强声对田径裁判员(发令员)听力损失的影响

目的:探究发令枪声对田径裁判员(发令员)听力的影响;测定、研究田径裁判员在发令时发令枪枪口和耳部的噪声特性。方法:采用调查、耳部常规检查、纯音测听(pure tone audiome-try,PTA)及脑干听觉诱发电位(brainstem auditory evoked potentials,BAEP)对20名体育学院学生(40耳)和10名从事发令工作的高校教师(20耳)在发令(瞬时强噪声)前后的不同时段(发令前、发令后3 h及8 d)进行听力学测试分析和听觉功能检查。结果:在158~156 dB(Lp)的噪声强度下,发令后3 h纯语音平均听阈(Pure tone average,PTA)、高语音平均听阈(High pure tone average,HPTA)和BAEP的I波潜伏期分别为左耳25.08±12.70 dB,右耳28.62±10.52 dB;左耳36.41±14.87 dB,右耳41.33±15.15 dB和左耳1.93±0.16 ms,右耳1.99±0.19 ms。均明显高于发令前(P<0.01)。8 d后则恢复至接近发令前的水平。经常从事发令工作的教师听力水平与正常听力有较大的差异(P<0.01)。结论:对于初次接触发令枪高强度噪声者,可造成耳部毛细胞的可逆性恢复损伤及“暂时性听阈位移”(temporary threshold shift,TTS)。在没有佩戴任何减噪装置情况下长时间发令,可导致田径裁判员(发令员)病理性永久性听阈位移(perpetuity threshold shift,PTS)。     

Time spent on the Internet by multicultural adolescents in Korea

This study analysed The 8th Online Survey of Adolescent Health and Behaviour in 2012, which is a government-approved statistical survey of Internet use and patterns in Korea. We conducted a propensity score matching (PSM) to control for economic status differences between monocultural and multicultural families and an ANOVA to estimate the effects of multicultural family status, adolescents’ gender, school grades, locality, and parents’ academic background on adolescents’ Internet use (for studying and entertainment). The study revealed the following: with regard to Internet use patterns, adolescents from both monocultural and multicultural families selected gaming as their first choice, followed by studying and data searching. Furthermore, main and interaction effects of independent variables on adolescents’ time spent on the Internet for studying were not significant. However, the interaction effects of multicultural family status and mothers’ academic background on adolescents’ time spent on the Internet for entertainment were statistically significant. Specifically, adolescents’ time spent on the Internet for entertainment was higher in multicultural families with mothers whose education level was lower than middle school. Finally, we suggested that the government should provide full support to less educated mothers in multicultural families for effectively and constructively controlling their children’s Internet use and teaching it to them.     

税收优惠、财政补贴与中关村企业创新投入——基于倾向得分匹配法的实证研究

采用倾向得分匹配法评估税收优惠和财政补贴对中关村高新技术企业自主创新投入的激励效果。研究结果表明:经营状况越好、创新能力越强、知识资本越充足、规模越小的企业越易获得这两种政策扶持;成立时间越短的企业越易获得税收优惠,但这一因素对获得政府补贴无显著影响;税收优惠对企业创新投入有显著的激励作用;财政补贴对创新投入具有一定的正向影响,但与税收优惠相比效果不明显,在解决市场失灵的同时产生了一定程度的政策失灵。     

关于VaR若干度量方法的准确性的比较研究

目前，VaR的度量方法有很多，而且，由不同方法计算出的VaR值往往相差很大，使得风险管理者面对如此多的模型不知如何选择才能真正达到其风险管理的目的。针对这一点，本文给出了一种将理论分析与实证分析相结合的VaR模型准确性评价方法。并选取几种典型的度量方法，对其准确性进行比较研究，并得出各种方法的优劣排序。     

Hyperhomocysteinemia,MMPs and Cochlear Function: A Short Review

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY) has been demonstrated to affect cochlear microvasculature as well as cochlear epithelial cells directly, with a resultant alteration of the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Hence, ascertaining the optimum concentration of MMPs and TIMPs in the cochlea could help to inhibit hearing loss due to HHCY by the administration of appropriate MMP inhibitors, Since infections/inflammations as well as ototoxic antibiotics have a similar mechanism of otic pathology, the cochlear damage they cause could also be similarly prevented.     

我国汽车事故损失率影响因素分析

汽车事故损失率主要由损失频率和次损失强度两方面构成，本文通过对我国1991至2003年公共数据进行实证分析得到影响汽车事故损失率的各种因素，认为私车比重、高速公路比重、GDP、汽车价格以及医疗成本是影响我国汽车事故损失率的重要影响因素，并对如何控制汽车保险经营风险提出了相应的建议。