篮球运动对医学生血清睾酮、皮质醇的影响报告

以本校 2 8名医学生为实验对象进行观察 ,探索篮球运动对血清激素的影响。结果证实 :坚持进行篮球运动可以提高医学生的睾酮及T/C之比值 ,减少皮质醇水平 ,有利能量物质合成。     

食指和无名指指长比率(2D∶4D)与跑步经济性的相关性研究*

研究目的是为了探索食指与无名指指长比率(2D:4D)与跑步经济性(running economy,RE)的相关性.选择12名中长跑二级运动员作为研究对象,其中,男性6名,平均年龄20岁、身高(1.76 3.85)m、体重(67.07 4.02) kg、BMI(21.50 1.18)kg/m2;女性6名,平均年龄20岁;身高(1.68 0.ll)m、体重(57.61 7.ll)kg、BMI(20.50 1.74) kg/m2.研究方法采用MAX-Ⅱ运动心肺功能测试系统测量RE,采用Image J软件测量食指与无名指指长,通过皮尔森相关分析RE与2D:4D之间的关系.研究结果发现,男子受试者RE与左手2D和4D比率之间的相关性呈现出高度显著性(p＜0.01),而RE与男性的右手、女性的左手和右手2D和4D比率之间的相关性不具有显著性(p＞0.05),但均表现出正相关的趋势.研究结论表明,2D:4D比值越小,受试者的RE值存在越好的趋势.     

蒺藜提取物对训练大鼠糖原、血睾酮和运动能力的影响

为探讨蒺藜提取物对训练大鼠糖原、血睾酮和运动能力的影响，以SD雄性大鼠为实验对象．建立跑台运动训练模型。将实验大鼠按体重进行随机分组为安静对照组、训练对照组、蒺藜训练组、训练力竭组、蒺藜力竭组，每组各8只。测定了血清睾酮、肌糖原及肝糖原。实验结果显示．蒺藜提取物可以显著延长大鼠跑台运动力竭时间；长期大强度训练引起大鼠体重显著性下降，蒺藜提取物可以抑制这一下降趋势，使训练大鼠体重与安静对照组无显著性差异；大强度训练可以增加肌、肝糖原含量，蒺藜提取物可以增强这种趋势，使糖原含量显著性升高；大强度训练可以引起血睾酮含量下降，蒺藜提取物可以使训练大鼠血睾酮含量显著性增加，且增加了运动过程中睾酮的变化幅度。结论认为，蒺藜提取物可以延长大鼠跑台至力竭时间，具有抗疲劳作用；其抗疲劳作用可能与其增加糖原含量，升高血睾酮的水平有关。     

Right–left digit ratio (2D:4D) predicts free testosterone levels associated with a physical challenge

Abstract

There is evidence that the digit ratio (2D:4D) is a negative correlate of prenatal levels of testosterone, but there is no association between 2D:4D and the circulating levels of both total and free testosterone. Sports provide a physical challenge and participants often show increased levels of free testosterone immediately preceding and during competition. We tested this hypothesis of a link between 2D:4D and testosterone under challenge in 79 professional rugby players using the following procedures; (i) 25 players were physically challenged using a repeated sprint agility test, and saliva samples were assayed for testosterone immediately preceding the repeated sprint agility test (time 1) and 5 minutes (time 2) and 20 minutes after completion of the repeated sprint ability (time 3); (ii) 54 players were also tested for salivary testosterone in an unchallenged condition. We found that right-left 2D:4D was significantly and negatively related to testosterone concentrations at times 1, 2 and 3 following the repeated sprint agility test (P < 0.05) and there was no association between the 2D:4D and basal testosterone levels in the unchallenged group. We suggest that low right–left 2D:4D is a predictive marker of free testosterone responsiveness when trained men are physically challenged, and that this association is programmed by the action of prenatal testosterone.     

Salivary cortisol and testosterone responses to high-intensity cycling before and after an 11-day intensified training period

Abstract

This study examined salivary cortisol and testosterone responses to two, different high-intensity, ～30-min cycles separated by 2 h rest before and after an 11-day intensified training period. Twelve recreationally active, healthy males completed the study. Saliva samples were collected before, immediately after and 30 min after both bouts with salivary cortisol and testosterone concentrations assessed. Compared with pre-training blunted exercise-induced salivary cortisol, testosterone and cortisol/testosterone responses to both bouts post-training were observed (P < 0.05 for all). Comparing pre- with post-training the absolute exercise-induced salivary cortisol, testosterone and cortisol/testosterone decreased from 11.1 to 3.1 and 7.0 to 4.4 nmol · L^?1 (cortisol), from 407 to 258 and from 473 to 274 pmol · L^?1 (testosterone) and from 12 to 4 and 7 to 5 (cortisol/testosterone) for the first and second bouts, respectively (P < 0.05). No differences in the pre- and post-training rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and heart rate (HR) responses during the cycles or times to fatigue were found (P > 0.05). Fatigue and Burnout scores were higher post- compared with pre-training (P < 0.05).

These high-intensity exercise bouts can detect altered hormonal responses following intensified training. This test could assess an athlete's current hormonal status, reductions in salivary cortisol and testosterone responses suggestive of increased fatigue.     

Stress hormonal analysis in elite soccer players during a season

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in some hormonal parameters (cortisol, testosterone, ratio of testosterone/cortisol (T/C)) in professional soccer players during a season.MethodsFifteen professional players from a soccer club of the first division of the Greek soccer league participated. All sport medical examinations were conducted four times: before the re-building period, post re-building period, mid-season, and after finishing the competition phase.ResultsFor testosterone, significant differences were observed between the end season and post re-building period (11.6%; p < 0.05) and mid-season (12.1%; p < 0.05). The cortisol concentration increased at mid-season by approximately 23%, and this change differed significantly from all other measurements for this hormone. The T/C ratio increased at the post re-building period and decreased at the middle of the season.ConclusionThese hormones and their ratios could be used as stress and recovery state indicators. Coaches can use these parameters in combination with other indicators to optimize workloads, and to avoid overreaching and overtraining.     

刺蒺藜的药理及在运动中的应用研究

分析评价基于刺蒺藜提取物的运动营养品的合理使用。方法：检索体育科学杂志主要的数据库中国知网、Springer、Ovid、LWW、Elsever,研究分析刺蒺藜提取物的药理研究和在运动员人体应用效果、应用方法及对运动能力的影响研究进展。结果：刺蒺藜皂苷的生殖药理和生殖内分泌药理的研究,使刺蒺藜提取物成为运动营养品市场上调节运动内分泌功能的主流营养补充品,具有促进运动员人体睾酮分泌的潜在作用。由于人体自身的内分泌调节作用和运动对运动员机体内分泌调节的影响,蒺藜提取物对动物或人体生殖内分泌的影响研究并不十分充分,其作用程度也较易受到机体整体状态的影响。结论：刺蒺藜提取物对调节运动员内分泌的效果目前还不确定,进一步规范市场上产品的质量标准有助于更好地研究观察刺蒺藜提取物对运动员身体机能和运动能力的作用效果。     

绝经后高知妇女肌肉力量练习指标的筛选

对于面临着肌肉萎缩和骨质疏松的老年人而言,更缺乏科学有效的力量评定标准和运动处方.解决这方面的问题,首先应从与运动器官衰老相关指标的测试分析入手.上述指标主要包括肌力、骨密度、激素及体成分等四大类指标.对这些指标的相关分析处理结果,不但能初步提示我们运动器官衰老的某些机制,也能为老年人选择运动方式提供指导,并为建立老年人肌力评定指标体系奠定基础.     

锌与睾酮对力竭性游泳大鼠骨骼肌的影响

动态观察了缺锌和缺锌后补锌以及补充睾酮对大鼠力竭性游泳前后骨骼肌的影响。结果显示,缺锌引起大鼠体重、体长、尾长、趾长伸肌重量、肌四头肌深层肌总RNA含量的明显降低。缺锌影响骨骼肌的代谢速率,阻碍力竭性游泳后骨骼肌总蛋白和总RNA含量的升高,并引起骨骼肌F肌动蛋白的下降,G-肌动蛋白的异常升高。补充睾酮,对缺锌造成的影响无改善作用。缺锌大鼠经过补锌,上述各项指标能恢复或基本恢复。实验还表明,缺锌可影响运动后骨骼肌的恢复。锌缺乏时骨骼肌合成代谢受阻,与睾酮的减少没有关系。     

纺织浆料用变性淀粉BMS的研究

该研究用杂交玉米淀粉为主要原料,以氧化变性为基础,配合酯化、塑化剂塑化等二次变性,制备不同结构,不同变性程度的淀粉。并与目前我省常用的纺织浆料用酰胺淀粉作对照,进行了粘度、与PVA的互溶性、浆液的粘附力、浆膜性能等试验。结果表明:变性淀粉BMS优于酰胺淀粉,为开发优质浆料品种提供了重要途径。