“传奇”背后略去的“暗”——电影《长恨歌》书写的上海旧梦

在有关上海的“传奇”书写中，王安忆的《长恨歌》对上海精神的关照是略去“浮华”，指向市民生活底层，指向充斥着腌渍油污和流言私情的弄堂深处，更多地让我们看到了上海背后的“暗”；主人公是生于弄堂长于弄堂，即使到“繁华”里走了一遭，到头来还是归于弄堂死于弄堂——繁华只是旧梦。香港著名导演关锦鹏改编的同名电影则大不相同，流行光影中“繁华”、“风月”成为上海的内核，在视觉的声色享受中谁还记得王安忆那个真实的上海？本文力图通过对原作和改编后电影文本差异性的比较。拔开迷雾看到一个与流行相去甚远的“上海形象”。     

Acute responses of biomechanical parameters to different sizes of hand paddles in front-crawl stroke

Abstract

This study investigated the acute effects of different sizes of paddles on the force-time curve during tethered swimming and swimming velocity in front-crawl stroke. Fourteen male swimmers (20.0 ± 3.7 years; 100-m best time: 53.70 ± 0.87 s) performed two 10-s maximal efforts in tethered swimming to obtain peak force, average force, impulse, rate of force development, stroke duration and time to peak force. Swimming velocity, stroke rate and stroke length were obtained from two 25-m maximal swims. Both tests were repeated in five conditions: free swimming, wearing small (280 cm ² ), medium (352 cm ² ), large (462 cm ² ) and extra-large (552 cm ² ) hand paddles. Compared to free swimming, paddles provided significant increases of peak force (medium: 11.5%, large: 16.7%, extra-large: 21.7%), impulse (medium: 15.2%, large: 22.4%, extra-large: 30.9%), average force (medium: 5.1%, large: 7.5%), rate of force development (extra-large: 11.3%), stroke duration (medium: 9.3%, large: 11.8%, extra-large: 18.5%), time to peak force (medium: 11.1%, large: 15.9%, extra-large: 22.1%), swimming velocity (medium: 2.2%, large: 3.2%, extra-large: 3.7%) and stroke length (medium: 9.0%, large: 9.0%, extra-large: 14.8%), while stroke rate decreased (medium: –6.2%, large: –5.5%, extra-large: –9.5%). It is concluded that medium, large and extra-large paddles influence the force-time curve and change swimming velocity, suggesting these sizes may be useful for force development in water.     

王皓反手位第一板防守技术与特点研究

王皓是近年来中国直拍创新打法探索过程中最具代表性的一名杰出运动员.对于王皓反手位的防守及其技术的运用一直吸引着全球的教练员、运动员甚至包括广大乒乓球爱好者的目光.随着改大球、11分制及无遮挡发球规则的相继出笼,运动员的发球、发球抢攻优势受到了一定的限制,同时,对运动员的防守--特别是第一板的防守又是一个难得的发展机遇.通过对王皓反手位第一板防守技术的观察与统计分析,阐释了王皓反手位第一板防守中针对不同来球正、反手使用比例及回球力度、落点、效果等各项技术运用的情况与特点,探讨了直拍正、反两面进攻型选手反手位第一板防守过程中的一般规律与今后的发展趋势.     

浅谈学生如何学好钢琴

现在越来越多的学生学习钢琴,学好钢琴必须加强基本功练习、注意弹琴的姿势手型、提高识谱能力、老师正确的指导以及学生自己刻苦学习。只有这样,学生才可能把钢琴学好。     

田径专业技术课程学生学习评价个案研究

文章分别以跨栏跑、跳高、铅球等项目为案例,运用实验法、文献资料法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,通过对原有评价方案的解析,指出其不足的部分:评价内容不全面、评价方法单调、弱化学习动机、不能充分体现区别对待的原则。同时给出了新的实验方案,对信、效度检验过程及操作过程进行说明,并对其进行理论分析,得出现行方案的优点:定量、客观、因人而异、易操作。     

Shadow glass transition as a thermodynamic signature of β relaxation in hyper-quenched metallic glasses

One puzzling phenomenon in glass physics is the so-called ‘shadow glass transition’ which is an anomalous heat-absorbing process below the real glass transition and influences glass properties. However, it has yet to be entirely characterized, let alone fundamentally understood. Conventional calorimetry detects it in limited heating rates. Here, with the chip-based fast scanning calorimetry, we study the dynamics of the shadow glass transition over four orders of magnitude in heating rates for 24 different hyper-quenched metallic glasses. We present evidence that the shadow glass transition correlates with the secondary (β) relaxation: (i) The shadow glass transition and the β relaxation follow the same temperature–time dependence, and both merge with the primary relaxation at high temperature. (ii) The shadow glass transition is more obvious in glasses with pronounced β relaxation, and vice versa; their magnitudes are proportional to each other. Our findings suggest that the shadow glass transition signals the thermodynamics of β relaxation in hyper-quenched metallic glasses.     

基于主客观因素下的“设计手绘表现”特点解析

＂设计手绘表现＂作为设计方案的呈现方式,既要发挥设计师的主观能动性,提倡个性化的艺术风貌,又要考虑客观市场的要求与制约,体现设计同市场的有效沟通与契合。客观地把握设计手绘表现的定位,可以使我们明晰设计表现的方向,明确其基本的要求、特点与方法,从而更好地服务于设计市场和设计教学。     

对柔道运动员投技反架技术应用效果及发展难度的分析研究

通过对反架进攻技术在比赛中应用效果的研究,揭示反架技术动作在技术组成中的重要作用及抑制反架技术动作发展的难度因素;探索一条发展反架进攻和防守技术的有效训练方法。     

浅谈少年篮球运动员左手基本功的训练

在业余体校少年篮球队的训练工作中 ,除了加强篮球基本技术和战术的训练外 ,还应注意培养他们的“左手”基本功 ,这是现代篮球运动发展趋势所需要的 .     

关中影戏的演出形态

关中影戏中的碗碗腔、老腔、弦板腔等已被列入“第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录”,根据田野调查结果,关中影戏的演出种类有庙会戏、还愿戏、驱邪戏、平安戏、山神戏、祈雨戏、丧戏、寿戏、满月戏,等;演出程序有奠酒、本戏、捎戏,等。